PANI sensor for monitoring the oxidative degradation of wine using cyclic voltammetry.

Redox species in wine are altered by pH and some wines are easily degraded due to oxidation and sulfur dioxide (SO) reduction. There is a need for quick, easy, simple, and economical methodologies for pH and wine-oxidized products (acetaldehyde) analysis. This study aimed to measure pH and degradation of wines that were electrochemically analyzed using polyaniline (PANI) sensor.

Development of Absorbent Using Amylose-Graphite Composite Electrode for Removal of Heavy Metals.

Amylose of captures heavy metals in a box consisting of sugar chains. However, its absorption rate is low in the period of the month scale. Therefore, the electrochemical driving force was used to promote the absorption rate in this research.

The use of a two-step removal protocol and optimized culture conditions improve development and quality of zona free mouse embryos.

The zona pellucida (ZP) plays an important role in both the fertilization and embryonic development. For the successful handling of early stage blastomeres for differentiation analysis, the production of identical twins or quadruplets, nuclear transfer or gene introduction requires the removal of the ZP (ZPR). Although single use of either acidic Tyrode's solution or pronase are commonly used for ZPR, long-term exposure to these agents can result in the inhibition of development with the collapse of the three-dimensional blastomere structure.

Highly sensitive detection of clenbuterol in urine sample by using surface plasmon resonance immunosensor.

This study proposed the filtration method for removal of inhibitors from real urine samples for immunoassay without centrifuge. Although the inhibitors could not be removed by the physical filtration, the carboxyl group terminated silica effectively removed the inhibitors. In a low pH, antibody formed aggregation due to the protonation.

Mechanism of surface plasmon resonance sensing by indirect competitive inhibition immunoassay using Au nanoparticle labeled antibody.

We investigated the use of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor using an antibody (Ab) labeled with Au-nanoparticle (Ab-AuNP conjugate). As clenbuterol is a small molecule, an indirect competitive inhibition immunoassay was used. The SPR immunoassay using Ab-AuNP conjugate had an extremely low limit of the detection (LOD) with a magnitude of 0.

Highly selective and sensitive detection of β-agonists using a surface plasmon resonance sensor based on an alkanethiol monolayer functionalized on a Au surface.

Immunosensor surfaces for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have been constructed using a functionalized succinimidyl propanethiol monolayer as a linker to immobilize β-agonist protein conjugates on a Au surface. Because β-agonist is a small molecule, an indirect competitive inhibition immunoassay was used for detection. The lowest detection limits for ractopamine and salbutamol were 10 ppt (10 pg mL(-1)) and 5 ppt (5 pg mL(-1)), respectively.

Effects of plantar flexion resistive moment generated by an ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper on the gait of stroke patients: a pilot study.

Background: An ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper was previously developed to assist the first rocker function during gait, but the effects of the amount of resistive moment generated on gait have not been clarified.

Objectives: To measure the amount of resistive moment generated by the ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper during gait and determine its effect on the gait of patients with stroke.

Study Design: Preliminary cross-sectional study.

Unusual catalytic effect of the two-dimensional molecular space with regular triphenylphosphine groups.

A novel organic-inorganic hybrid 2D molecular space with regular triphenylphosphine groups (triphenylphosphineamidephenylsilica, PPh(3)APhS) was successfully synthesized through grafting triphenylphosphine groups in the 2D structure of layered aminophenylsilica dodecyl sulfate (APhTMS-DS), which was developed in our previous research, with regular ammonium groups. The 2D structures were kept after the grafting reaction of triphenylphosphine groups in PPh(3)APhS. The catalytic potentials of 2D molecular space with regular triphenylphosphine groups were investigated.

Spontaneous gradual accumulation of hexagonally-aligned nano-silica on gold nanoparticles embedded in stabilized zirconia: a pathway from catalytic to NH3-sensing performance.

The present study highlights the influence of nano-impurities on the catalytic/sensing performance of nano-structured Au sensing-electrodes (SEs) housed in a quartz reactor and operated at high temperature over a long period of time. The planar sensor, made from a nano-structured Au-SE on a polished-polycrystalline (pp) yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrate exhibited initially negligible electromotive force (emf) response to each of the examined gases (CO, CH(4), C(3)H(8), C(3)H(6), NO(x) and NH(3); 400 ppm each) at 700 °C in the presence of 5 vol.% oxygen and 5 vol.

Integrated microfluidic device for the separation and electrochemical detection of catechol estrogen-derived DNA adducts.

Catechol estrogen-derived DNA adducts are formed as a result of the reaction of catechol estrogen metabolites (e.g., catechol estrogen quinones) with DNA to form depurinating adducts.

Development of a sensitive surface plasmon resonance immunosensor for detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene with a novel oligo (ethylene glycol)-based sensor surface.

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor for detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), which is a signature compound of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene-related explosives, was developed by using a novel oligo (ethylene glycol) (OEG)-based sensor surface. A rabbit polyclonal antibody against 2,4-DNT (anti-DNPh-KLH-400 antibody) was prepared, and the avidity for 2,4-DNT and recognition capability were investigated by indirect competitive ELISA. The sensor surface was fabricated by immobilizing a 2,4-DNT analog onto an OEG-based self-assembled monolayer formed on a gold surface via an OEG linker.

Fabrication of a novel immunosensor using functionalized self-assembled monolayer for trace level detection of TNT by surface plasmon resonance.

We have developed a new immunosensor based on self-assembly chemistry for highly sensitive and label-free detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). A monolayer of amine terminated poly(ethylene glycol) hydrazinehydrochloride (PEG-NH(2)) thiolate was constructed on an activated gold surface and immobilized with trinitrophenyl-beta-alanine (TNPh-beta-alanine) by amide coupling method. The binding interaction of a monoclonal anti-TNT Ab (M-TNT Ab) with TNPh-beta-alanine immobilized thiolate monolayer surface was monitored and evaluated for detection of TNT based on the principle of indirect competitive immunoreaction.

Evaluation of the molecular recognition of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for sensitive detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by indirect competitive surface plasmon resonance immunoassay.

Detection of TNT is an important environmental and security concern all over the world. We herein report the performance and comparison of four immunoassays for rapid and label-free detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The immunosensor surface was constructed by immobilization of a home-made 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (TNPh-KLH) conjugate onto an SPR gold surface by simple physical adsorption within 10 min.

Giant magnetoresistive sensors and superparamagnetic nanoparticles: a chip-scale detection strategy for immunosorbent assays.

Thin structures of alternating magnetic and nonmagnetic layers with a total thickness of a few hundred nanometers exhibit a phenomenon known as giant magnetoresistance. The resistance of microfabricated giant magnetoresistors (GMRs) is dependent on the strength of an external magnetic field. This paper examines magnetic labeling methodologies and surface derivatization approaches based on protein-protein binding that are aimed at forming a general set of protocols to move GMR concepts into the bioanalytical arena.

Construction of mixed mercaptopropionic acid/alkanethiol monolayers of controlled composition by structural control of a gold substrate with underpotentially deposited lead atoms.

Mixed monolayers of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and alkanethiols of various chain lengths have been constructed on Au based on a novel concept, namely, control of the composition of the component thiols in mixed monolayers by controlling the surface structure of the substrate. The Au substrate surface was first modified with underpotentially deposited Pb (UPD Pb) atoms, followed by the formation of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of alkanethiol. The UPD Pb atoms were then oxidatively stripped from the surface to create vacant site, on which MPA was adsorbed to finally form the mixed monolayers.