Returned samples from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu provide pristine information on the original aqueous alteration history of the Solar System. Secondary precipitates, such as carbonates and phyllosilicates, reveal elemental partitioning of the major component ions linked to the primordial brine composition of the asteroid. Here, we report on the elemental partitioning and Mg isotopic composition (Mg/Mg) of breunnerite [(Mg, Fe, Mn)CO] from the Ryugu C0002 sample and the A0106 and C0107 aggregates by sequential leaching extraction of salts, exchangeable ions, carbonates, and silicates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report primordial aqueous alteration signatures in water-soluble organic molecules from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft of JAXA. Newly identified low-molecular-weight hydroxy acids (HO-R-COOH) and dicarboxylic acids (HOOC-R-COOH), such as glycolic acid, lactic acid, glyceric acid, oxalic acid, and succinic acid, are predominant in samples from the two touchdown locations at Ryugu. The quantitative and qualitative profiles for the hydrophilic molecules between the two sampling locations shows similar trends within the order of ppb (parts per billion) to ppm (parts per million).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn anaerobic, mesophilic, syntrophic, archaeon strain MK-D1, was isolated as a pure co-culture with sp. strain MK-MG from deep-sea methane seep sediment. This organism is, to our knowledge, the first cultured representative of 'Asgard' archaea, an archaeal group closely related to eukaryotes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmmonia (NH) is a simple and essential nitrogen carrier in the universe. Its adsorption on mineral surfaces is an important step in the synthesis of nitrogenous organic molecules in extraterrestrial environments. The nitrogen isotopic ratios provide a useful tool for understanding the formation processes of N-bearing molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSamples from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu provide information on the chemical evolution of organic molecules in the early solar system. Here we show the element partitioning of the major component ions by sequential extractions of salts, carbonates, and phyllosilicate-bearing fractions to reveal primordial brine composition of the primitive asteroid. Sodium is the dominant electrolyte of the salt fraction extract.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Hayabusa2 spacecraft collected samples from the surface of the carbonaceous near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu and brought them to Earth. The samples were expected to contain organic molecules, which record processes that occurred in the early Solar System. We analyzed organic molecules extracted from the Ryugu surface samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrecious corals belong to the family Coralliidae (Cnidaria, Octocorallia), and their axis, which consists of high magnesian calcium carbonate, has long been used in jewelry. With its low growth rate and long lifespan, precious coral is a representative taxon of the vulnerable marine ecosystem. Due to years of overfishing, coral fishery has become a controversial issue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA membrane for controlling methanol-to-olefin (MTO) reactions was developed, which featured an MFI-type zeolite membrane (Si/Al = 25) that was synthesized on a porous α-alumina substrate using a secondary growth method. Here, the H/SF permeance ratios were between 150 and 450. The methanol conversion rate was 70% with 38% ethylene selectivity and 28% propylene selectivity as determined using a cross-flow membrane contactor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor the rapid, easy, and safe purification of alkali and alkaline-earth elements from rock samples for stable isotope analysis, we developed a semi-automated, high-throughput procedure using borate fusion and an ion chromatography system equipped with a fraction collector. This HF-free procedure for the decomposition of silicate rock samples can be performed in a short time without isotope fractionation; the purification procedure enables the collection of baseline-separated peaks of multiple target elements and the complete removal of interference matrices from reagents and samples. The accuracy of this procedure was verified by confirming the correspondence of stable isotopic values of Li, Mg, Sr (δLi, δMg, δSr) and radiogenic isotopic values of Sr (Sr/Sr) to previously reported values in various geochemical reference materials in which the concentration range of Li was 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
September 2018
The separation and quantification of underivatized naturally occurring amino acids (AAs) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is advantageous for reducing preparation time, running costs, and analytical errors, and is compatible with the isolation of intact AAs. This study establishes and validates an analytical method for the separation and quantification of underivatized AAs and taurine (Tau) in the sub- to several-nanomolar range (ca. 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe describe the mass descrimination and validation of an offline method for purification of Li, Mg and S with an ion chromatograph coupled to an automated fraction collector for use prior to stable isotope measurements. Significant sub-fraction mass fractionation was observed for both the Li and the Mg stable isotope ratios. The lighter Li and heavier Mg isotopes were preferentially retained by the column, resulting in Li/Li and Mg/Mg biases up to 85.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi
January 2017
A 71-year-old male was referred to our hospital with right scrotal swelling. The ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 6.5 cm mass adjacent to the right testicle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbonylation, an oxidative modification of the amino group of arginine and lysine residues caused by reactive oxygen species, has emerged as a new type of oxidative damage. Protein carbonylation has been shown to exert adverse effects on various protein functions. Recently, the role of food components in the attenuation of oxidative stress has been the focus of many studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe distributions and chemical forms of sulfur compounds in the skeleton of Japanese pink coral (Corallium elatius) were investigated using X-ray spectroscopic techniques combined with micro-focused soft X-ray radiation. Microscopic X-ray fluorescence/soft X-ray photoabsorption (μ-XRF/XAS) speciation mapping clarified that sulfate is the primary species in the coral skeleton, with minor amounts of organic sulfur, whereas both sulfate and organic sulfur coexist in coenenchyme. Analysis of the post-edge region of the XAS spectra confirmed that sulfate ions in the coral skeleton are mainly in the form of gypsum-like inorganic sulfate substituting for the carbonate ions in the calcite skeleton.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-precision Mg isotope measurements by multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were applied for determinations of magnesium isotopic fractionation of biogenic calcium carbonates from seawater with a rapid Mg purification technique. The mean δ(26)Mg values of scleractinian corals, giant clam, benthic foraminifera, and calcite deep-sea corals were -0.87‰, -2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the extent to which malnutrition in childhood affects bone mineral density (BMD) decades later.
Methods: BMDs were compared in healthy women (35-59 years old) who visited our hospital for annual examinations between 1992 and 1993 (group 1) and between 1999 and 2002 (group 2).
Results: The BMDs of 50- to 54-year-old women in group 1 averaged 0.
Background: Prognosis of patients with advanced endometrial cancer accompanied by distant metastases is poor. Moreover, there is no established therapy for this cancer.
Case: We treated a 32-year-old woman with endometrial cancer with multiple lung metastases (pT4N0M1).
Background: Patients with unilateral ovarian abscesses due to Salmonella are rare.
Case Report: A 48-year-old woman with a left ovarian abscess caused by Salmonella group 07 is reported.
Conclusion: In our patient, the ovary may have been seeded hematogenously by salmonellae and may have evolved into a local infection.
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol
April 2004
Background: Supracervical hysterectomy is seldom performed and there are few reports of tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) after supracervical hysterectomy.
Case: The case of a 49-year-old woman with a right TOA is reported. This patient had received a supracervical hysterectomy 16 years earlier due to rupture of the uterus.
Objective: We recently identified a missense variant (Glu298Asp) within exon 7 of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene that is associated with severe preeclampsia in the Japanese population. Our objective was to analyze the association between the Glu298Asp eNOS gene variant and severe preeclampsia in a developing country where the incidence of preeclampsia is more frequent.
Methods: The study included 112 Bangladeshi women exhibiting severe preeclampsia and 119 control subjects.
Pronounced dilation of the maternal vasculature occurs during normal pregnancy. Likewise, low resistance characterizes the fetoplacental circulation. Nitric oxide released by endothelial cells is a potent vasodilator known to be a key modulator of both maternal and fetal vascular tone.
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