Preoperative CT Findings for Predicting Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Pneumonia After Lung Cancer Surgery: A Multicenter Case-Control Study.

Acute exacerbation (AE) is a life-threatening complication of inter-stitial pneumonia (IP). Thoracic surgery may trigger AE. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of preoperative CT findings in predicting postoperative AE in patients with IP and lung cancer.

Positron Emission Tomography in T3/T4 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer After Induction Chemoradiotherapy.

Background: To predict pathological response and survival in T3/T4 non-small cell lung cancer after induction chemoradiotherapy by assessing fluorodeoxyglucose uptake with positron emission tomography.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, standard uptake values of whole tumors and extrapulmonary involvement sites were measured after induction chemoradiotherapy. The values were then compared with pathological responses and recurrence-free survival.

Medullary Abnormalities in Appendicular Skeletons Detected With F-FDG PET/CT Predict an Unfavorable Prognosis in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients With High-Risk Factors.

The prognostic value of medullary abnormalities in the appendicular skeleton (AS) of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has recently been suggested. However, functional evaluation of these abnormalities using PET/CT has not been investigated to date. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and prognostic relevance of AS medullary abnormalities depicted by PET/CT in patients with MM.

Pretreatment F-FDG PET/CT combined with quantification of clonal circulating plasma cells as a potential risk model in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

Purpose: Both F-FDG PET/CT and clonal circulating plasma cell (CPC) quantification are emerging tools for multiple myeloma (MM) prognostication that have been validated in recent studies. This study investigated the value of PET/CT coupled with CPC quantification for MM prognostication that may contribute to future risk-adapted treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed the prognostic relevance of a combination of pretreatment PET/CT findings and CPC levels in 163 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, symptomatic MM receiving novel agents during induction therapies.

Arterial inflammation measured by F-FDG-PET-CT to predict coronary events in older subjects.

Background And Aims: Although F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake has emerged as a sensitive and reliable marker of atherosclerotic inflammation, its additive predictive value for future coronary disease in older subjects is unknown. The aim of this study was to test the prognostic value of aortic inflammation detected via FDG-positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) in older subjects.

Methods: We retrospectively utilized the records of 309 subjects aged over 65 years, without a history of coronary artery disease, who underwent F-FDG-PET-CT mostly due to the clinical suspicion of cancer, but eventually turned out to be cancer-free.

Imaging characteristics of the postoperative globe: a pictorial essay.

Recognizing imaging characteristics after ophthalmic surgery is necessary for radiologists to prevent misdiagnosis. We review typical appearances of intraorbital implanted devices and materials on CT and MRI with demonstration of the common surgical procedures. EX-PRESS glaucoma filtration devices appear as punctate areas of metal attenuation on CT and are typically placed at the corneoscleral junction.

Fenestrations of the basilar artery demonstrated on magnetic resonance angiograms: an analysis of 212 cases.

Fenestration of the basilar artery (BA) is a rare variant of the intracranial artery, well demonstrated in autopsy and angiographic studies. Some angiographic series show a high incidence of associated aneurysms at the basilar fenestration site. The purpose of this study is to report the incidence of BA fenestration, its configurations, associated aneurysms, and arterial anomalies in a large series of intracranial MR angiograms (MRAs).

Is emphysema a risk factor for pneumothorax in CT-guided lung biopsy?

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy is commonly used to make a histological diagnosis for pulmonary lesions. Its most common complication is pneumothorax. While it is thought that CT-guided lung biopsy should be avoided in patients with emphysema, however, there is no scientific report documenting the relationship the occurrence of pneumothorax and the severity of emphysema.

A case of Proteus syndrome with severe spinal canal stenosis, scoliosis, and thoracic deformity associated with tethered cord.

Proteus syndrome is a rare, sporadic, hamartomatous disorder manifesting with multifocal overgrowth of tissue. The features seem to develop most often during childhood. Vertebral overgrowth with severe spinal canal stenosis is unusual, although scoliosis with abnormal vertebral bodies is one of the typical features of Proteus syndrome.

High frequency of neurolymphomatosis as a relapse disease of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma.

Background: Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVL) is characterized by lymphoma cell proliferation in the lumina of small vessels in various organs. A high incidence of neurologic symptoms associated with the central nervous system has been reported, but peripheral nerve involvement (neurolymphomatosis [NL]) rarely has been described.

Methods: The medical records from patients who were diagnosed with IVL over the past 4 years were reviewed.

Persistent primitive trigeminal arteries (PTA) and its variant (PTAV): analysis of 103 cases detected in 16,415 cases of MRA over 3 years.

Introduction: The primitive persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) is the most common carotid-basilar anastomosis, but because of its extremely low incidence, it is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to clarify the features of PTA and its variants (PTAV) based on a large magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) series.

Methods: MRA was performed on continuous 16,415 patients (8,610 males and 7,805 females) between October 2005 and September 2008 using two 1.

Brain magnetic resonance findings in infective endocarditis with neurological complications.

Purpose: Diagnosing infective endocarditis and its complications can be difficult because of the nonspecific symptoms. We reviewed findings of intracranial abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 14 patients with neurological complications and herein discuss the overall intracranial MRI findings.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with infective endocarditis from August 2004 to August 2006.

Ductal carcinoma in situ: correlation between FDG-PET/CT and histopathology.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine if any correlation exists between tumor cell density and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET)/CT) for pure or predominant ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

Materials And Methods: Subjects in this retrospective review comprised 11 patients who underwent FDG-PET/CT for DCIS. Pathological tumor cell density and FDG-PET/CT images were compared.

Monitoring of early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer with (1)H MR spectroscopy: comparison to sequential 2-[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of (1)H MR spectroscopy (MRS) to evaluate early responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, as compared to that of the standardized uptake value (SUV) in (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included seven patients with breast cancer who had both single-voxel (1)H MRS and PET/computed tomography (CT) acquired before, during, and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Results: The averages of the Choline (Cho) integral value and peak SUV before chemotherapy were 2.

Job strain and arteriosclerosis in three different types of arteries among male Japanese factory workers.

Objectives: This study evaluated the association between job strain and subclinical indicators of arteriosclerosis simultaneously in the cerebral artery, the aorta, and the carotid artery.

Methods: The participants in this cross-sectional study consisted of 352 male factory workers between the ages of 24.9 to 55.

Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy with MRI: efficacy of T2*-weighted imaging.

Purpose: To assess MRI in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP), emphasizing T(2)*-weighted imaging (WI) efficacy.

Methods And Materials: This is a prospective study of 24 female patients (16 to 41 years, average 29.9) clinically suspected of EP from April 1999 to June 2001.

Prominent laterality of the posterior cerebral artery at three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography in M1-segment middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Background And Purpose: Three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography (3D TOF MRA) often discloses prominent posterior cerebral artery (PCA) laterality in the setting of M1-segment middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. We sought to analyze the implications of prominent PCA laterality at 3D TOF MRA.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 3D TOF MRA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings in 25 patients (12 male, 13 female; mean age, 68.