Automatic detection of midfacial fractures in facial bone CT images using deep learning-based object detection models.

Background: Midfacial fractures are among the most frequent facial fractures. Surgery is recommended within 2 weeks of injury, but this time frame is often extended because the fracture is missed on diagnostic imaging in the busy emergency medicine setting. Using deep learning technology, which has progressed markedly in various fields, we attempted to develop a system for the automatic detection of midfacial fractures.

Automatic orbital segmentation using deep learning-based 2D U-net and accuracy evaluation: A retrospective study.

The purpose of this study was to verify whether the accuracy of automatic segmentation (AS) of computed tomography (CT) images of fractured orbits using deep learning (DL) is sufficient for clinical application. In the surgery of orbital fractures, many methods have been reported to create a 3D anatomical model for use as a reference. However, because the orbit bone is thin and complex, creating a segmentation model for 3D printing is complicated and time-consuming.

Successful resection of growing teratoma syndrome in the abdominal wall with reconstruction using tensor fascia lata muscle flap: A case report and literature review.

While cancer cure is the primary goal, fertility preservation is also a cornerstone of the underlying principle of treatment for ovarian germ cell tumors. Growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) presents with growth of mature teratomas during or after chemotherapy. We report a case of successful treatment of GTS in the anterior abdominal wall involving reconstruction.

Localization of Chronic Pain in Postmastectomy Patients: A Prospective Comparison Between Patients With and Without Breast Reconstruction.

Background: After breast surgery with or without immediate reconstruction, chronic pain can be a major problem for patients. However, few studies have examined the details of the sites of long-lasting postoperative pain. In this study, we specified the postoperative pain location after breast surgery, including reconstruction, to find ways to improve surgical procedures or provide effective pain relief.

Extension toward the Trapezius in a Transversely Oriented Latissimus Dorsi Flap for Breast Reconstruction.

Unlabelled: A transverse paddle latissimus dorsi (LD) flap has the advantage that if the skin paddle is placed in the transverse bra line, the donor site scar is well hidden by underwear. With this transfer, medial back tissues are usually moved to the medial area of the reconstructed breast following 180 degree rotation. Because these tissues are thinner than the lateral thoracic area, the medial part of the reconstructed breast sometimes becomes flatter than expected.

Direct Conversion of Human Fibroblasts into Adipocytes Using a Novel Small Molecular Compound: Implications for Regenerative Therapy for Adipose Tissue Defects.

There is a need in plastic surgery to prepare autologous adipocytes that can be transplanted in patients to reconstruct soft tissue defects caused by tumor resection, including breast cancer, and by trauma and other diseases. Direct conversion of somatic cells into adipocytes may allow sufficient functional adipocytes to be obtained for use in regeneration therapy. Chemical libraries of 10,800 molecules were screened for the ability to induce lipid accumulation in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) in culture.

The influence of venous system patterns on DIEP flap viability for breast reconstruction.

A deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap has unique variations in the anatomy of the vascular supply, and this idea has been adapted to the venous system. Venous system patterns, including connections between the superficial and deep inferior epigastric vein (SDC) or connections of the superficial inferior epigastric vein across the midline-crossing linking veins (MCLV), have gradually become recognized as a cause of fat necrosis and induration due to venous congestion. Therefore, it is important to select patients who are appropriate for transplantation by evaluating blood flow in the flap based on these patterns.

Can Lymph Transportation Capacity Predict Treatment Efficacy of Lower Extremity Lymphedema by LVA?

Treatment outcomes for lower extremity lymphedema (LEL) using multiple lymphaticovenular anastomoses (LVA) are still uncertain. Classification of progression of lymphedema by disease staging is a potential preoperative predictor of the efficacy of treatment, but it is difficult to judge progression of lymphedema objectively. Recent studies have indicated that lymph pump dysfunction, which reflects lymph transportation capacity, is associated with lymphedema progression.

Temporary banking of the nipple-areola complex in breast reconstruction following mastectomy for gigantomastia.

Introduction: Gigantomastia is a breast disorder characterized by exaggerated rapid growth of the breasts, generally bilaterally. In some severe cases, mastectomy is required to ensure safe delivery or control disease progression or recurrence. Subsequently, most patients want to undergo breast reconstruction, including the nipple-areola complex (NAC).

Does an In-House Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing Approach Contribute to Accuracy and Time Shortening in Mandibular Reconstruction?

Mandibular reconstruction using computer-aided design and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques has received recent attention. This technique has theoretical advantages, although this approach can be commercially used in the limited area of the world.The aim is to describe our experience using in-house CAD/CAM guides and the situations in which CAD/CAM may present benefit in the region where commercial guides are unavailable.

Factors associated with chronic pain following breast reconstruction in Japanese women.

Chronic pain after breast surgery including breast reconstruction is a major concern for patients. However, the factors associated with chronic pain after breast surgery are uncertain in Japanese population. The aim of this study was to identify patient-specific and medical/surgical factors that predict chronic pain after breast surgery in Japanese patients.

Two Cases of the Vascular Territory of a Single-pedicled Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap with a Vertical Midline Abdominal Scar.

: The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is becoming the gold standard for breast reconstruction using autologous tissue. If there are scars in the abdomen from previous surgery, it is necessary to judge the indication for using this flap carefully. Particularly in cases with vertical midline scars, the blood flow supply to the zone II can be compromised.

The HDAC inhibitor OBP-801 suppresses the growth of myxofibrosarcoma cells.

Purpose: Myxofibrosarcoma is characterized by a high rate of recurrence after surgery. Since myxofibrosarcoma is refractory to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, the established radical treatment is primary wide resection. The effects of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors on myxofibrosarcoma have not yet been investigated.

Involvement of PDGF-BB and IGF-1 in Activation of Human Schwann Cells by Platelet-Rich Plasma.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma contains high concentrations of growth factors that stimulate proliferation and migration of various cell types. Earlier experiments demonstrated that local platelet-rich plasma administration activates Schwann cells to improve axonal regeneration at a transected peripheral nerve lesion. However, the optimal concentration of human platelet-rich plasma for activation of human Schwann cells has not been determined, and mechanisms by which platelet-rich plasma activates Schwann cells remain to be clarified.

Medial Upper Lip Vermillion Reconstruction with a Labial Artery-based Cross-lip Vermillion Flap.

A defect of the central upper lip vermillion generally requires "like for like" reconstruction because this part of the upper lip can attract attention and has a unique structure and color. In this article, we report use of a labial artery-based horizontal long cross-lip flap for central upper lip vermillion reconstruction. In the first stage of surgery, a horizontal long vermillion flap from the lower lip starting at the left commissure with a vascular pedicle containing an inferior labial artery was raised and transposed to the upper vermillion defect.

Objective evaluation of fat tissue induration after breast reconstruction using a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap.

Problems in breast reconstruction with deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps include postoperative fat induration and necrosis. A resulting clinical symptom is palpable indurated tissue, but it is difficult to measure the stiffness of transplanted fat tissues objectively at a deep site. The ability to perform shear-wave elastography (SWE) was recently added to some common ultrasonic echo devices, enabling objective three-dimensional measurements of tissue stiffness.

Preventive Effect on Seroma of Use of PEAK PlasmaBlade after Latissimus Dorsi Breast Reconstruction.

Postoperative seroma is still the main complication after a latissimus dorsi (LD) flap procedure. The etiology of seroma is currently thought to comprise tissue fluids resulting from inflammatory reactions in affected tissue caused by the use of monopolar electrocautery (EC). It is possible that seroma formation can be reduced by using alternative devices such as the PEAK PlasmaBlade (PPB), which provides atraumatic scalpel-like cutting precision while the blade temperature remains close to body temperature.