Evaluation of Static DNA Ploidy Analysis Using Conventional Brush Biopsy-Based Cytology Samples as an Adjuvant Diagnostic Tool for the Detection of a Malignant Transformation in Potentially Oral Malignant Diseases: A Prospective Study.

Background: The accuracy of DNA image cytometry as an investigation method for potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity is currently still a subject of controversy, due to inconsistently applied definitions of DNA aneuploidy, small cohorts and different application techniques of the method. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of the method as a supplementary diagnostic tool in addition to the cytological examination using internationally consented definitions for DNA aneuploidy.

Methods: A total of 602 samples from 467 patients with various oral lesions were included in this prospective study.

Retrospective evaluation of the oral brush biopsy in daily dental routine - an effective way of early cancer detection.

Objectives: Oral brush biopsies are a well researched index for early detection of oral cancer in specialised centers. But the performance of the exfoliative biopsy is not yet researched in daily dental routine.

Methods: Private dentists and private oral surgeons in Germany took brush biopsies out of 814 suspicious lesions from 670 patients using the Orcellex brush while regular dental appointments.

Comparison between two cell collecting methods for liquid-based brush biopsies: a consecutive and retrospective study.

Background: This study compares two different cell collectors, the Orcellex Brush (rigid brush) and the Cytobrush GT (nylon brush), using liquid-based cytology. A comparison of their obtainment procedures was also considered. The aim was to determine the diagnostic accuracy for detection of malignancy in oral brush biopsies.

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Liquid-Based Oral Brush Cytology in Screening for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

This study evaluates the accuracy of the results of liquid-based oral brush cytology and compares it to the histology and/or the clinical follow-ups of the respective patients. A total of 1352 exfoliated specimens were collected with an Orcellex brush from an identical number of oral lesions, then cytological diagnoses were made using liquid-based cytology. The final diagnoses in the study were 105 histologically proven squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 744 potentially malignant lesions and 503 cases of traumatic, inflammatory or benign hyperplastic oral lesions.

Contact allergies to dental materials.

There is a lack of epidemiological data on allergies to dental materials. For example, in the recently published fifth German Oral Health Study (DMS V), no information was given on any common allergies or allergies to dental materials. The aim of the present observational study was therefore to determine the frequencies and symptoms of allergies to dental materials.

Bacterial Colonization and Tissue Compatibility of Denture Base Resins.

Currently, there is minimal clinical data regarding biofilm composition on the surface of denture bases and the clinical tissue compatibility. Therefore, the aim of this experimental study was to compare the bacterial colonization and the tissue compatibility of a hypoallergenic polyamide with a frequently used PMMA resin tested intraorally in a randomized split-mouth design. Test specimens made of polyamide ( = 10) and PMMA ( = 10) were attached over a molar band appliance in oral cavity of 10 subjects.

Clinical comparison of liquid-based and conventional cytology of oral brush biopsies: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Exfoliative cytology performed on oral brush samples can help dentists to decide, whether a given oral lesion is (pre-) malignant. The use of non-invasive brush biopsies as an auxiliary tool in the diagnosis of oral mucosal lesions has gained renewed interest since improvements in cytological techniques such as the development of adjuvant diagnostic tools and liquid-based cell preparation techniques.

Methods: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of two different preparation techniques (cell collectors): the conventional transfer procedure to glass slides and the so-called liquid-based cytology preparation method.

Advances toward fully automated in vivo assessment of oral epithelial dysplasia by nuclear endomicroscopy-A pilot study.

Background: Uncertainties in detection of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) frequently result from sampling error especially in inflammatory oral lesions. Endomicroscopy allows non-invasive, "en face" imaging of upper oral epithelium, but parameters of OED are unknown.

Methods: Mucosal nuclei were imaged in 34 toluidine blue-stained oral lesions with a commercial endomicroscopy.

[Allergen-triggered lichenoid oral mucosa lesions.].

Allergen-triggered lichenoid oral mucosa lesions may occur both in oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesions (OLL). Clinically, OLP and OLL are difficult to distinguish from each other. An OLP should be checked by histological examination.

No association of oral lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection in central Germany.

Objectives: Co-occurrence of oral lichen planus (OLP) and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection suggests a strong association, but the relation between mucocutaneus, autoimmune lichen planus and HCV infection remains unclear. In areas with higher prevalence of HCV infection in general population, like Japan and southern Europe, 20 to 40 % of patients with OLP test positive for anti-HCV antibodies, whereas in German populations, a co-occurrence of 4.2 to 16 % was reported.

Principles of oral surgery for prevention of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Objectives: Principles and workflow are described to prevent bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) when oral surgery is necessary in patients taking bisphosphonates.

Material And Method: A total of 117 surgical procedures were performed on 68 patients taking bisphosphonates. The basis of the treatment was (1) use of perioperative antibiotics; (2) after dentoalveolar surgical procedures, bone edges were smoothed and mucoperiosteal flaps were prepared to ensure tension-free wound closure; (3) sutures were not removed until 14 days postsurgery; (4) long-term results were evaluated.

Oral brush biopsy analysis by MALDI-ToF Mass Spectrometry for early cancer diagnosis.

Objectives: Intact cell peptidome profiling (ICPP) with MALDI-ToF Mass Spectrometry holds promise as a non-invasive method to detect head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) objectively, which may significantly improve the early diagnosis of oral cancer. The present study was designed to discriminate between tumour samples and non-cancer controls (healthy mucosa and oral lesions) by analysing complete spectral patterns of intact cells using MALDI-ToF MS.

Materials And Methods: In the first step, a database consisting of 26 patients suffering from HNSCC was established by taking brush biopsy samples of the diseased area and of the healthy buccal mucosa of the respective contralateral area.

Oral brush biopsy analysis by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry profiling--a pilot study.

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) often present as advanced tumours requiring aggressive local and regional therapy and result in significant functional impairment. The objective is to develop pre-symptomatic screening detection of OSCC by a brush biopsy method which is less invasive than the conventional biopsy for histology. Given the molecular heterogeneity of oral cancer, it is unlikely that even a panel of tumour markers would provide accurate diagnosis.

Organogallium(III) complexes as apoptosis promoting anticancer agents for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines.

Organogallium(III) dinuclear (1-9) and tetranuclear (10) complexes present potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of various types of cancer. The antiproliferative activity of 1-10 was evaluated with cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, e.g.

Cytotoxicity, apoptosis and study of the DNA-binding properties of bi- and tetranuclear gallium(III) complexes with heterocyclic thiolato ligands.

The reaction of the heterocyclic thiol derivatives, 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole (SH-imi), 5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole (SH-tet), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (SH-ben) and 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (SH-oxa), with trimethylgallium (1:1) afforded the dimeric or tetrameric complexes [Me(2)Ga(S-imi)](2) (1), [Me(2)Ga(S-tet)](2) (2), [Me(2)Ga(S-ben)](2) (3) and [Me(2)Ga(S-oxa)](4) (4), respectively. Molecular structures of 2 and 4 were determined by X-ray diffraction studies. The cytotoxicity of the gallium(III) complexes 1-4 was tested against human cell lines 8505C anaplastic thyroid cancer, A253 head and neck tumor, A549 lung carcinoma, A2780 ovarian cancer, DLD-1 colon carcinoma and compared with those of cisplatin and Ga(NO(3))(3).

Assay-based response evaluation in head and neck oncology: requirements for better decision making.

This article gives an overview on different current strategies of assay-based response evaluation in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and critically summarizes their role and needs for future clinical evaluation. Due to a growing amount of data of phase III clinical trials of multimodality treatment options for HNSCC, treatment planning in regard to optimal outcome is becoming an interdisciplinary challenge. New concepts such as induction chemotherapy with bi- or ternary combinations of chemotherapeutics, integration of targeted therapies, concurrent and sequential chemoradiation concepts, and multimodality-based organ preservation strategies strongly compete with traditional definitive surgical procedures.

[Gingival hyperplasia as side effect of the calcium channel blocker amlodipine].

Medically induced gingival overgrowth is one of the major side effects of phenytoine, cyclosporine A and the channel blocker Nifedipine and it is well documented in various studies and case series. Recently an alternative channel blocker, Amlodipine, has been implemented into the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases. By means of a clinical case presentation it was shown that Amlodipine is able to induce gingival overgrowth in the oral cavity as well.

Toward a multimodal cell analysis of brush biopsies for the early detection of oral cancer.

Background: This report describes what to the authors' knowledge is the first clinical application of semiautomated multimodal cell analysis (MMCA), a novel technique for the early detection of cancer for cases with a limited number of suspicious cells. In this clinical study, MMCA was applied to oral cancer diagnostics on brush biopsies. The MMCA approach was based on the sequential application of multiple stainings of identical, slide-based cells and repeated relocalizations and measurements of their diagnostic features, resulting in multiparametric features of individual cells.

Oral cancer diagnosis by mechanical phenotyping.

Oral squamous cell carcinomas are among the 10 most common cancers and have a 50% lethality rate after 5 years. Despite easy access to the oral cavity for cancer screening, the main limitations to successful treatment are uncertain prognostic criteria for (pre-)malignant lesions. Identifying a functional cellular marker may represent a significant improvement for diagnosis and treatment.

[Minimally invasive brush-biopsy: innovative method for early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma].

The aim of this prospective and blinded study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of conventional cytopathology of oral brush biopsies taken from suspicious oral lesions. In addition we checked slide based DNA image cytometry as an adjuvant diagnostic tool. Our hypothesis is that DNA aneuploidy is a sensitive and specific marker for earliest detection of oral cancer using brush biopsies.

Influence of post-mortem delay and storage temperature on the immunohistochemical detection of antigens in the CNS of mice.

The aim of this work was to compare the results of histochemical and immunohistochemical methods using mouse brains which were fixed with various post-mortem delays and storage temperatures (at a constant 4 degrees C or 22 degrees C, or at gradually decreasing post-mortem temperatures, mimicking conditions of human corpse). We studied the effects of post-mortem delay on glial fibrillary acidic protein, extracellular matrix components to which Wisteria floribunda agglutinin binds, non-phosphorylated neurofilament H, synaptophysin, calbindin and nitric oxide synthase isoenzymes. At the light microscopic level first signs of post-mortem changes were detectable after 6 h.

PCR detection of human papillomavirus of the mucosa: comparison between MY09/11 and GP5+/6+ primer sets.

Background And Objectives: Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the causal agent for the development of carcinomas in the cervix uteri and further pathological changes of the skin including mucosa, particularly warts, condylomas and dysplasias. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of different consensus primers pairs for HPV detection by PCR using brushed samples from the oral cavity in comparison with samples from the cervix uteri.

Study Design: In the present study, we used two well-established sets of PCR primers in different combinations for the detection of HPV DNA in 106 non-invasive brush biopsy samples of the oral mucosa and 56 samples from the cervix uteri.

Earliest detection of oral cancer using non-invasive brush biopsy including DNA-image-cytometry: report on four cases.

Objective: We describe four patients presenting early oral cancers, detected cytologically on non-invasive brush biopsies including DNA-image cytometry as an adjunctive method before histology on scalpel biopsies confirmed the evidence of malignancy.

Methods: Brush biopsies were performed and smears thereof investigated cytologically. After Feulgen restaining, DNA-measurements were performed using a DNA-Image-Cytometer.