Comparable Limb Salvage Outcomes on Pop Distal Bypass when Using Plantar Artery as a Distal Target.

Objective: The primary objective is to describe limb salvage and patency rates of infra-genicular bypasses using plantar artery as a distal target. The secondary objective is to compare outcomes between bypasses to the plantar artery and those to other tibial arteries.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients who underwent infra-genicular bypasses using autologous venous conduit from July 2012 to June 2018.

Infectious diseases, cardio-cerebrovascular health and vaccines: pathways to prevention.

Cardiovascular and infectious diseases both feature among the leading causes of death among men and women in the world. The pathophysiological pathways of infection and cardiovascular disease intersect, and there is a bidirectional relationship between the two. Vaccines are available for the most common infectious diseases affecting older adults, such as influenza, pertussis, pneumococcal disease, herpes zoster, COVID and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Unsupervised machine learning identifies biomarkers of disease progression in post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in Sudan.

Background: Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) appears as a rash in some individuals who have recovered from visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani. Today, basic knowledge of this neglected disease and how to predict its progression remain largely unknown.

Methods And Findings: This study addresses the use of several biochemical, haematological and immunological variables, independently or through unsupervised machine learning (ML), to predict PKDL progression risk.

Diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome at a tertiary level hospital in Latin America.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common neuroendocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. There is little consensus on the diagnosis of this syndrome, which affects both the number of cases that are diagnosed and the respective consequences. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree to which currently established criteria for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome are followed at a tertiary-level hospital in Colombia.

Progesterone supplementation after postovulatory mifepristone reduce changes in human endometrial gene expression.

Mifepristone (RU486) antagonizes progesterone signaling in human endometrium interfering in the secretory phenotype after estradiol priming. The objective of the present study was to determine effect in the endometrial transcript profile of progesterone supplementation after the administration of 200mg of the antiprogestin mifepristone 48 hours after the LH peak (LH+2, LH+0=LH peak). Endometrial samples were obtained on LH+7 after vaginal administration of micronized progesterone 200mg/day for 3 days in 9 women of proven fertility, each one contributing with one cycle treated with progesterone and another with a placebo.

Bluefin tuna () larvae exploit rare food sources to break food limitations in their warm oligotrophic environment.

Tuna spawns in some of the warmest and most oligotrophic areas worldwide. At the same time, starvation is often considered the main source of mortality for fish larvae. Here we assess if plankton availability is sufficient to sustain the high growth potential of tuna () larvae in a major spawning ground in the warm oligotrophic Mediterranean Sea.

Heart rate recovery after the 6-min walk test in people with bronchiectasis.

Background: The cardiac autonomic response to exercise and during recovery has been poorly explored in bronchiectasis.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted in adults with bronchiectasis. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected at baseline and after 12 months of follow-up.

Optimizing Onset and Offset Detection in Surface Diaphragm Electromyographic Signals: A Signal Quality-Driven Approach.

This study explores the detection of onset and offset of diaphragm electromyographic activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing nocturnal non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), aiming to enhance monitoring and management strategies for this patient population. The automatic analysis of electromyographic activity allows for the examination of respiratory patterns, addressing the challenges of cumbersome and time-consuming assessments. A signal quality-driven approach is used to improve the automatic detection algorithm for both onset and offset.

A National Epidemiologic Mixed-methods Study on Depression, Anxiety, Substance Use, Treatment Needs and Barriers and Facilitators to Treatment Among Medical Students.

Background: Research on the mental health of medical students enrolled in Paraguayan universities has mainly examined the prevalence of anxiety and depression, with limited exploration of treatment access, barriers, and facilitators. Additionally, substance use, such as alcohol and other substances, is of significant concern because of its association with mental health issues. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders, as well as to identify barriers and facilitators influencing medical students' access to mental health and substance use treatment in the Republic of Paraguay.

The trajectory of sleep after critical illness: a 24-month follow-up study.

Background: Survivors of critical illness endure long-lasting physical and mental challenges. Despite the persistence of poor sleep quality in a considerable proportion of patients at the 12-month follow-up, studies with assessments exceeding this period are limited. We aimed to investigate the trajectory of sleep over the 24 months following critical illness.

Corticosteroid and antimicrobial therapy in macrolide-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia porcine model.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae, a primary cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), is typically treated with β-lactams and macrolides or quinolones. Corticosteroids are now recommended as adjunctive therapy in severe CAP to improve outcomes. In this prospective randomized animal study, we evaluated the bactericidal efficacy of various antibiotic regimens combined with corticosteroids using a porcine pneumococcal pneumonia model.

What's in a Name?: A Legal Review of Title Protection Laws Pertaining to "Doctor" and "Dermatologist" in the United States.

Background: As new roles in health care appear and existing roles grow, there is concern that nonphysicians may appropriate physician titles. Protecting titles is essential to ensuring that patients understand the qualifications and training of their health care providers.

Objective: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the existing state laws as they apply to the protected and prohibited use of physician specialist titles and "doctor" in a clinical setting.

Divergent Multiomic Acute Exercise Responses Reveal the Impact of Sex as a Biological Variable.

The majority of exercise physiology research has been conducted in males, resulting in a skewed biological representation of how exercise impacts the physiological system. Extrapolating male-centric physiological findings to females is not universally appropriate and may even be detrimental. Thus, addressing this imbalance and taking into consideration sex as a biological variable is mandatory for optimization of precision exercise interventions and/or regimens.

Biological effects of pulmonary, blood and gut microbiome alterations in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

https://bit.ly/3TdkHd7.

Factors Associated with Mortality in Nosocomial Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: An ENIRRI Analysis.

: Nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections (nLRTIs) are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes and significant healthcare costs. nLRTIs include hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and other ICU-acquired pneumonia phenotypes. While risk factors for mortality in these infections are critical to guide preventive strategies, it remains unclear whether they vary based on their requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) at any point during the hospitalization.

Successful (and Unsuccessful) Recruitment Approaches and Participant Loss in a Down Syndrome Survey.

We recruited caregivers of individuals ages 0-21 with Down syndrome (DS) to complete an electronic survey. Multiple recruitment sources and methods were used. From 2023-2024, we received 542 valid, complete survey responses.

Mechanical power is not associated with mortality in COVID-19 mechanically ventilated patients.

Background: The relative contribution of the different components of mechanical power to mortality is a subject of debate and has not been studied in COVID-19. The aim of this study is to evaluate both the total and the relative impact of each of the components of mechanical power on mortality in a well-characterized cohort of patients with COVID-19-induced acute respiratory failure undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation. This is a secondary analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID project, a multicenter observational cohort study including fifty Spanish intensive care units that included COVID-19 mechanically ventilated patients between February 2020 and December 2021.

Virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and immune response during exacerbations and stable phase in bronchiectasis.

The study of key Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) virulence factors, the molecular basis of pathogenicity, as well as their correlation with the immune response during exacerbations in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis can help to identify novel targets and biomarkers for clinical management. The objective was to compare P. aeruginosa virulence and the patient's immune response during stable phases and exacerbations of bronchiectasis.

The methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (Mecp2) regulates the hypothalamic mitochondrial function and white adipose tissue lipid metabolism.

Objective: The neuroepigenetic factor Mecp2 regulates gene expression and is thought to play a crucial role in energy homeostasis. Body weight is regulated at the hypothalamic level, where mitochondrial energy metabolism is necessary for its proper functioning, allowing the hypothalamus to respond to peripheral signals to maintain energy balance and modulate energy expenditure through the sympathetic nervous system. Since the mechanism by which genetic and environmental factors contribute to regulating energy balance is unclear, this study aims to understand the contribution of gene-environment interaction to maintaining energy balance and how its disruption alters hypothalamic cellular energy production, impacting the control of systemic metabolism.

Methylation profile scores of environmental exposures and risk of relapse after a first episode of schizophrenia.

Both genetic and environmental factors have been found to play a significant role in psychosis relapse, either independently or through their synergistic interaction. Recently, DNA methylation (DNAm) has been proposed through the calculation of methylation profile scores (MPS). The aim of the present study is to evaluate the association of MPS as a surrogate marker of the biological impact of early stressful life events (including stressful intrauterine conditions and obstetric complications, childhood adversity and toxic habits), with the risk of schizophrenia (SCZ) relapse.

alexiteric activity of irregular monoterpenes derived from -menthane against Cope (Serpentes: Viperidae) venom.

Many plant-derived compounds, mostly of mid-to-high molecular weight, exert alexiteric properties. However, some small phenolic molecules, such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, are also known to be alexiteric by their ability to bind to snake venom proteins. This study presents the alexiteric activity of 2-isopropenyl-3-methylphenol [carquejiphenol, CARP; a minor compound of (Less.

Genotype by environment interactions and phenotypic traits stability of the EUCLEG faba bean collection.

Faba bean ( L.) is an important pulse crop traditionally used for human nutrition and animal feeding. With a high protein content ranging from 24% to 35% of seed dry matter, considerable amounts of globulins, essential amino acids and minerals, faba bean is today an important source meeting the growing global demand for nutritious food.

Molecular Assessment of Plasma Concentrations of Selected Adipokines and IL-8 in Horses with Back Pain and Comorbid Asthma-Based on Clinical Cases.

Similarly, in humans and horses, thoracic and lumbosacral back pain cause more disability and work interruptions worldwide than any other disease. Given that there are few effective treatments for back pain in humans and animals, primary prevention strategies and a reduction in pain factors may be crucial. In the analysed data obtained for the horses studied, the pattern of changes in adipocytokine concentrations, including resistin, visfatin and leptin, was noted for those with back pain compared to the control animals.

Integrating comprehensive surgical, intensive, and emergency care systems into the Pan American Health Organization's health agenda.

In October 2024, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) formally integrated surgical, intensive, and emergency care into its health agenda. This followed important events, including the June 2024 endorsement of the by the PAHO Executive Committee. This strategy builds on the 2015 World Health Assembly (WHA) Resolution 68.