[Eating behavior disorders in patients hospitalized in a Mental Health Service].

Introduction: Eating disorders (ED) have a high prevalence during adolescence, associated with high morbidity and mortality. In our country, there are no data that characterize adolescent inpatients with ED.

Objective: To describe and analyze hospitalizations of children and adolescents due to ED admitted in a Pediatric Mental Health Service (PMHS).

Bone mineral density, lung function, vitamin D and body composition in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a multicenter study.

Background: cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common inherited disease in Caucasian population. Nowadays, long survival has led to the emergence of new complications, such as CF bone disease (CFBD), which is characterized by increased fracture risk.

Objectives: evaluate the association of bone mineral density (BMD) with lung function and BMD with 25-hydroxivitamin D (25OHD) plasmatic levels in children/adolescents with CF.

[Evaluation of bone mineral density in children with vertical infection by HIV].

Unlabelled: Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) are common in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There are few studies evaluating bone involvement in children infected.

Objective: To evaluate BMD in vertically HIV-infected children.

[Tenofovir-associated Fanconi`s syndrome and rickets in a HIV infected girl].

Unlabelled: Tenofovir (TDF) is an inhibitor of reverse transcriptase nucleotide analogue, although it has good tolerability and high anti-retroviral activity, its effect on the kidney has been a concern.

Objective: To describe a girl infected with HIV who presented Fanconi syndrome during antiretroviral therapy with TDF.

Clinical Case: We describe a HIV-1-infected girl, who after 18 months treatment with TDF presented loss of strength and pain of the lower extremities with functional impairment.

[Mercury in fish and its importance in health].

The contamination of fish with methylmercury (MeHg) could hamper the health promoting properties of fish. Currently, there is strong evidence about the health benefits of seafood consumption. When consumed by the mother before and during pregnancy it improves neurodevelopment of infants and toddlers.

Incremental replacement of saturated fats by n-3 fatty acids in high-fat, high-cholesterol diets reduces elevated plasma lipid levels and arterial lipoprotein lipase, macrophages and atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- mice.

Objective: Effects of progressive substitution of dietary n-3 fatty acids (FA) for saturated FA (SAT) on modulating risk factors for atherosclerosis have not been fully defined. Our previous reports demonstrate that SAT increased, but n-3 FA decreased, arterial lipoprotein lipase (LpL) levels and arterial LDL-cholesterol deposition early in atherogenesis. We now questioned whether incremental increases in dietary n-3 FA can counteract SAT-induced pro-atherogenic effects in atherosclerosis-prone LDL-receptor knockout (LDLR-/-) mice and have identified contributing mechanisms.

Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of metallic complexes of lawsone.

In the present study, a series of metallic complexes of the 1,4-naphthoquinone lawsone (2-6) were synthesized and evaluated for potential cytotoxicity in a mouse leukemic macrophagic RAW 264.7 cell line. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay.

Fatty acids regulate endothelial lipase and inflammatory markers in macrophages and in mouse aorta: a role for PPARγ.

Objective: Macrophage endothelial lipase (EL) is associated with increased atherosclerosis and inflammation. Because of their anti-inflammatory properties we hypothesized that n-3 fatty acids, in contrast to saturated fatty acids, would lower macrophages and arterial EL and inflammatory markers.

Methods And Results: Murine J774 and peritoneal macrophages were incubated with eicosapentaenoic acid or palmitic acid in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccaride (LPS).

[Intima-media thickness in obese adolescents and their relation with metabolic syndrome].

Introduction: Obese adolescents have higher cardiovascular risk (CVR). Intima-media thickness (IMT) detects early arterial vascular compromise.

Objective: To evaluate whether obese adolescents have higher vascular compromise measured by IMT than nonobese adolescents, and if this is greater in those with metabolic syndrome (MS).

The omega-3 fatty acid nutritional landscape: health benefits and sources.

Dietary fatty acids (FA) are increasingly recognized as major biologic regulators and have properties that relate to health outcomes and disease. The longer chain, more bioactive (n-6) (or omega-6) FA and (n-3) (or omega-3) FA share similar elongation and desaturation enzymes in their conversion from the essential (n-6) FA, linoleic acid, and (n-3) FA, α-linolenic acid (ALA). Conversion from these essential FA is very inefficient.

[Quality of fat intake, atherosclerosis and coronary disease: effects of saturated and trans fatty acids].

Epidemiological, clinical and metabolic research has shown a strong association between dietary fatty acids intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and clinical events. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans fatty acids (TFA) derived from industrial hydrogenation of oils have been associated with an increased prevalence of CVD. However experimental results on the relationship between physiological pathologic effects and specific functions of individual SFA are often contradictory.

n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: mechanisms underlying beneficial effects.

Dietary n-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, are important nutrients through the life cycle. Evidence from observational, clinical, animal, and in vitro studies indicates a beneficial role of n-3 fatty acids in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease. Although the precise mechanisms are still unclear, clinical and preclinical studies indicate that the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids may be attributed to a number of distinct biological effects on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, blood pressure, platelet function, arterial cholesterol delivery, vascular function, and inflammatory responses.

n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: actions and molecular mechanisms.

Cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidemiological studies and randomized control intervention trials have reported that n-3 fatty acids reduce cardiovascular events. A variety of biologic and molecular effects of n-3 fatty acids can modulate the mechanisms of development and progression of atherosclerosis.

Zinc and iron nutrition in Chilean children fed fortified milk provided by the Complementary National Food Program.

Objective: Chilean infants are at risk for isolated zinc and iron deficiencies because of a low consumption of animal products in low socioeconomic sectors. In 1999, the National Complementary Food Program of Chile manufactured a new milk (2 kg of powdered milk/mo) fortified with iron (Fe; 10 mg/L), zinc (Zn; 5 mg/L), and copper (0.5 mg/L) to be provided to infants until age 18 mo and to pregnant women.

[Study of patients admitted to a telemetry unit].

The current situation of the telemetry unit of Vigil de Quiñones Hospital was studied. Telemetry indications, results, and problems observed since the unit was inaugurated were studied to determine the usefulness of telemetric heart rate monitoring and centralized surveillance in an intensive care unit (ICU) in detecting severe arrhythmias, controlling antiarrhythmic treatment, and evaluating why and to what extent telemetry is clinically useful. In our center, telemetry is used to monitor patients with well-established needs.