Time-resolved transcriptomic of single V. vinifera fruits: membrane transports as switches of the double sigmoidal growth.

By revealing that the grape berry loses one H+ per accumulated sucrose at the inception of ripening, adopting a single fruit paradigm elucidates the fundamentals of the malate-sugar nexus, previously obscured by asynchrony in population-based models of ripening. More broadly, the development of the individual fruit was revisited from scratch to capture the simultaneous changes in gene expression and metabolic fluxes in a kinetically relevant way from flowering to overripening. Dynamics in water, tartrate, malate, hexoses, and K+ fluxes obtained by combining individual single fruit growth and concentration data allowed to define eleven sub-phases in fruit development, which distributed on a rigorous curve in RNAseq PCA.

Genes Introgressed with RUN1 and RPV1: Poor Recombination and Impact on Berry Transcriptome.

Thanks to several backcrosses with an initial L. × (previously ) interspecific cross, the MrRUN1/MrRPV1 locus (resistance to downy and powdery mildews) was introgressed in genotypes phenotypically close to varieties. To check the consequences of introgressing parts of the genome on gene expression during fruit development, we conducted a comparative RNA-seq study on single berries from different cultivars and × hybrids, including 'G5' and two derivative microvine lines, 'MV102' (resistant) and 'MV32' (susceptible) segregating for the MrRUN1/RPV1 locus.

Carbon trade-offs in the fruits of fungus-tolerant Muscadinia × Vitis hybrids exposed to water deficit.

Adopting disease-tolerant grapevines is an efficient option to implement a smarter management strategy limiting the environmental impacts linked to pesticide use. However, little is known on their production of fruit metabolites regarding expected future climate fluctuations, such as increased water shortage. Moreover, previous studies about how water deficit impacts grape composition, lack accuracy due to imprecise timing of fruit sampling.

miR156b-targeted functions downstream of the abscisic acid signal to regulate anthocyanins biosynthesis in grapevine fruit under drought.

Anthocyanins are the primary color components of grapevine berries and wines. In cultivation practices, a moderate water deficit can promote anthocyanin accumulation in red grape skins. Our previous study showed that abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in this process.

Safety and efficacy of P2Et extract from Caesalpinia spinosa in breast cancer patients: study protocol for a randomized double blind phase II clinical trial (CS003-BC).

Background: Chemotherapy in breast cancer is effective but can generate significant toxicity and lead to tumor resistance. Joint treatment with standardized plant extracts can be an alternative to improve the response and allow an effective activation of the antitumor immune response that favors recovery in the short and long term. The P2Et extract of Caesalpinia spinosa presents antitumor activity in cells and animal models of breast cancer, improves the tumor microenvironment, and induces activation of the specific immune response against the tumor and is synergistic when used together with anthracyclines, which makes it a good candidate for evaluation in patients.

Workplace bullying and sexual harassment among general surgery residents in Colombia.

Introduction: Workplace bullying and sexual harassment are concerns among general surgery residents in Colombia.

Objetive: To explore the prevalence and impact of workplace bullying and sexual harassment incidents among general surgery residents in Colombia.

Materials And Methods: This nationwide study was conducted in 2020.

Translation, adaptation, and validation of the MeNTS score in colombian population: The MeNTS Col score.

Objective: To evaluate and validate the medically necessary and time sensitive score by testing the variables, in order to create a surgical preoperative score for procedure prioritization in COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study of instrument validation with a cultural adaptation and translation into the Spanish language was carried out in Bogota, Colombia. Patients over 18 years of age who had undergone elective procedures of general surgery and subspecialties were included.

New Fungus-Resistant Grapevine and L. × Derivative Hybrids Display a Drought-Independent Response in Thiol Precursor Levels.

The use of new disease-resistant grapevine varieties is a long-term but promising solution to reduce chemical inputs in viticulture. However, little is known about water deficit effects on these varieties, notably regarding berry composition. The aim of this study was to characterize the primary metabolites and thiol precursors levels of 6 fungi-resistant varieties and Syrah.

The breast cancer immune microenvironment is modified by neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAT) in breast cancer (BC) has been used to reduce tumor burden prior to surgery. However, the impact on prognosis depends on the establishment of Pathological Complete Response (pCR), which is influenced by tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte levels and the activation of the antitumor immune response. Nonetheless, NAT can affect immune infiltration and the quality of the response.

Safety Evaluation in Healthy Colombian Volunteers of P2Et Extract Obtained from : Design 3+3 Phase I Clinical Trial.

The polyphenol-enriched extract called P2Et derived from had antitumor and immunomodulatory activities reported in breast cancer, leukemia, and melanoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and maximum tolerated dose of P2Et extract in Colombian healthy volunteers in a phase 1 clinical trial, open labelled, single-arm, dose-escalation design 3 + 3. Seven healthy volunteers were included; P2Et was administrated in capsules of 600 mg/d for 28 days.

VviPLATZ1 is a major factor that controls female flower morphology determination in grapevine.

Plant genetic sex determinants that mediate the transition to dioecy are predicted to be diverse, as this type of mating system independently evolved multiple times in angiosperms. Wild Vitis species are dioecious with individuals producing morphologically distinct female or male flowers; whereas, modern domesticated Vitis vinifera cultivars form hermaphrodite flowers capable of self-pollination. Here, we identify the VviPLATZ1 transcription factor as a key candidate female flower morphology factor that localizes to the Vitis SEX-DETERMINING REGION.

Transcripts switched off at the stop of phloem unloading highlight the energy efficiency of sugar import in the ripening V. vinifera fruit.

Transcriptomic changes at the cessation of sugar accumulation in the pericarp of Vitis vinifera were addressed on single berries re-synchronised according to their individual growth patterns. The net rates of water, sugars and K accumulation inferred from individual growth and solute concentration confirmed that these inflows stopped simultaneously in the ripe berry, while the small amount of malic acid remaining at this stage was still being oxidised at low rate. Re-synchronised individual berries displayed negligible variations in gene expression among triplicates.

Sarcoidosis vs. Colon Cancer Metastasis: Diagnostic Dilemma and the Role of PET Scan in Monitoring Disease Activity.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by "noncaseating granulomas." It primarily affects the lungs, but multiple other organs can be involved. Sarcoidosis has been increasingly reported in association with cancer.

Recommendations for streamlining precision medicine in breast cancer care in Latin America.

Background: The incidence of breast cancer (BC) in LMICs has increased by more than 20% within the last decade. In areas such as Latin America (LA), addressing BC at national levels evoke discussions surrounding fragmented care, limited resources, and regulatory barriers. Precision Medicine (PM), specifically companion diagnostics (CDx), links disease diagnosis and treatment for better patient outcomes.

The application of ozonated water rearranges the Vitis vinifera L. leaf and berry transcriptomes eliciting defence and antioxidant responses.

Ozonated water has become an innovative, environmentally friendly tool for controlling the development of fungal diseases in the vineyard or during grape postharvest conservation. However, little information is currently available on the effects of ozonated water sprayings on the grapevine physiology and metabolism. Using the microvine model, we studied the transcriptomic response of leaf and fruit organs to this treatment.

The reduction of plant sink/source does not systematically improve the metabolic composition of Vitis vinifera white fruit.

The quality of wine grapes depends on the balance between primary and secondary metabolites. Unlike many perennial crops that accumulate starch in the fruits before ripening, the non-climacteric grapes ripe with no previous carbon reserves. Based on the assumption that fruit carbon sink is limiting metabolite accumulation in grapes, bunch thinning is performed to limit plant Sink/Source (S/S).

Evaluation of chemotherapy and P2Et extract combination in ex-vivo derived tumor mammospheres from breast cancer patients.

The main cause of death by cancer is metastasis rather than local complications of primary tumors. Recent studies suggest that breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), retains the ability to self-renew and differentiate to repopulate the entire tumor, also, they have been associated with resistance to chemotherapy and tumor recurrence, even after tumor resection. Chemotherapy has been implicated in the induction of resistant phenotypes with highly metastatic potential.

Ethical guidelines on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia.

The pandemic caused by COVID19 is associated with an increase in the number of cases of cardiorespiratory arrest, which has resulted in ethical concerns regarding the enforceability of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, as well as the conditions to carry it out. The risk of aerosol transmission and the clinical uncertainties about the efficacy, the potential sequelae, and the circumstances that could justify limiting this procedure during the pandemic have multiplied the ethical doubts on how to proceed in these cases. Based on ethical and legal grounds, this paper offers a practical guide on how to proceed in the clinical setting in cases of cardiopulmonary arrest during the pandemic.

L. Diversity for Cations and Acidity Is Suitable for Breeding Fruits Coping With Climate Warming.

The selection of grapevine varieties is considered to be the smartest strategy for adapting the viticulture to climate warming. Present knowledge of the diversity of grape solutes known to be influenced by temperature is too limited to perform genetic improvement strategies. This study aimed to characterize the diversity for major cations (K, Mg, Ca, NH ) of the fruit and their effect on acidity.