[Biopsychosocial Factors Influencing Mortality and Functional Recovery in COVID-19 Patients Undergoing Prone Positioning: A Prospective Observational Study].

Unlabelled: Patients placed in a prone position due to COVID-19 present a more severe disease, longer stay in ICU and have more significant complications associated with positioning than other patients.

Aim: To identify social, health, and hospital factors associated with mortality and functional recovery in activities of daily living (ADL) in patients admitted to the ICU due to COVID-19 who were in the prone position.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study between June 2021 and March 2022 at the San José Clinical Hospital.

Investigation of pilot-scale constructed wetlands treating simulated pre-treated tannery wastewater under tropical climate.

Tannery wastewater is characterized by high and variable concentrations of diverse pollutants, which makes it difficult and costly to treat. In the search for sustainable treatment options for tannery effluents, two pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow (HSF) constructed wetlands (CW) were built and operated for the treatment of synthetic water of quality similar to that of pre-treated tannery effluents. Five different loading phases were examined with gradual increase of inflow COD, NH4+-N and Cr loads until reaching and exceeding the typical composition of a tannery effluent.

Genetic and Clinical Features of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: The Experience of a Single Center in Costa Rica.

. Activating mutations in the gene leads to medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Guidelines encourage performing analysis in subjects with hereditary and sporadic disease.

Indication of Gamma-Ray Emission from the Newly Discovered Dwarf Galaxy Reticulum II.

We present a search for γ-ray emission from the direction of the newly discovered dwarf galaxy Reticulum II. Using Fermi-LAT Collaboration data, we detect a signal that exceeds expected backgrounds between ∼2-10  GeV and is consistent with annihilation of dark matter for particle masses less than a few ×10^{2}  GeV. Modeling the background as a Poisson process based on Fermi-LAT diffuse models, and taking into account trial factors, we detect emission with p value less than 9.

Surgery for high-grade gliomas in a developing country: survival estimation using a simple stratification system.

Background: In spite of great technological advances in diagnostic and therapeutic tools, survival in patients with HGG has not changed significantly in the last years. Judicious management in each case needs survival estimation after surgery. We used a simple stratification system evaluating the histology, patient's age, and the KPS.

A novel, inexpensive method of image coregistration for applications in image-guided surgery using augmented reality.

Objective: Augmented reality (AR) is a technique in which an overlay of a virtual image to a live picture is performed to create a new image in which both original images coexist as a single image. This results in the visualization of internal structures through overlying tissues. The objective was to describe an easy, inexpensive, and successful method to coregister with AR in an image-guided surgery setting using the resources at hand.

[Survival of patients with brain metastases].

Background: Brain metastases are the most common cerebral tumors, have a poor prognosis and their incidence is five times higher than primary brain tumors.

Aim: To analyze the survival of patients with the diagnosis of brain metastases, operated in our institution.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients operated from January 1989 to December 2001, whose pathological diagnosis confirmed the presence of cerebral metastases.

[Chronic subdural hematoma: a disease of elderly people].

Background: The lack of specificity and heterogeneity of the clinical picture of chronic subdural hematoma, hampers its diagnosis.

Aim: To report the experience of a Neurosurgical Service in chronic subdural hematoma.

Patients And Methods: One hundred patients (77 male, mean age 77 +/- 13 years) with chronic subdural hematoma were analyzed.

Intracranial metastasis or meningioma? An uncommon clinical diagnostic dilemma.

Background: Cerebral metastases are the most frequent brain tumors in adults and they may occasionally present as an isolated meningeal mass, suggesting a meningioma. Because of the prognostic relevance in discriminating both tumors, we review the literature and analyze four patients in whom the diagnosis of meningioma was initially made.

Case Description: Four cases of isolated meningeal metastases are presented and in all of them a meningioma was considered as the main preoperative diagnosis.

[Spinal cord metastasis: an uncommon location. Experience in 2 cases].

Spinal cord metastases are an uncommon secondary location of a malignant neoplasm. They are rarely diagnosed during life and when that is the case, it is in the clinical setting of a disseminated cancer and very seldom as the first clinical manifestation. We report two patients, with no previous disease, who developed a progressive myelopathy.

Temporal lobe epilepsy surgery with limited resources: results and economic considerations.

This study evaluates the surgical outcome of patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) who underwent anterior temporal lobe lobectomy (ATL) based on data derived from noninvasive studies and assesses the economic costs entailed at a newly created epilepsy program in Chile. Seventeen ATL candidates underwent a presurgical evaluation. This included outpatient brain MRI and neuropsychological testing and inpatient scalp/sphenoidal prolonged video-EEG monitoring.

[Cerebral metabolic monitoring experience in critical neurological patients].

Background: Cerebral metabolic monitoring in critical neurological patients allows the assessment of neuronal tissue response to injury and to plan the best therapy to correct each critical brain situation.

Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of cerebral metabolic monitoring in patients with acute cerebral injury.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 29 patients with acute brain injury, in whom a catheter was located in the bulb of the jugular vein to perform a cerebral metabolic monitoring.

Meningothelial meningioma with "amianthoid" fibers. Case report with ultrastructural study.

The case of a meningothelial meningioma with 'amianthoid' fibers in a 48-year-old woman is presented. By light microscopy the tumor showed the typical features of meningothelial meningioma and rounded, deeply eosinophilic, and fibrillary areas, especially around and/or in the vicinity of blood vessels. These fibers are also called 'amianthoid' fibers.

[Foramen ovale electrodes in the study of temporal lobe epilepsy].

Corticograms of the mesial structures of the temporal lobe may be obtained with the recently developed foramen ovale electrodes. Since their installation is easy and of low risk, they will probably displace other invasive techniques routinely used up to the moment for the localization and lateralization of epileptic foci originated in the temporal lobe. For the first time in our country, we have used this technique in 7 patients with medically intractable complex partial epilepsy.

[The value of cerebral biopsy in patients with AIDS and extensive cerebral lesions].

We performed cerebral biopsy in 4 patients with AIDS and evidence of expanding intracerebral lesions. Three patients had cerebral toxoplasmosis and the fourth had Chagas encephalitis. No patient developed complications.

Reflex effects evoked by stimulation of hypoglossal afferent fibers.

In pentobarbitone-anesthetized cats, electrical stimulation of the central ends of the main trunks of transected hypoglossal nerves evoked vascular (pressor or depressor) reactions, mydriasis, slow and deep breathing, and reflex activation of laryngeal and facial muscles. Stimulation of the central end of the transected ramus descendens hypoglossi also provoked reflex contraction of cricothyroideus. These reflexes may be elicited also after intracranial section of hypoglossal nerve roots, but not after intracranial section of ipsilateral vagal roots.

Protracted vomiting as the presenting sign of posterior fossa mass lesions.

Four patients with mass lesions of the posterior fossa experienced protracted vomiting as their only symptom for extended periods of time. The responsible lesions were a cerebellar tumour in two patients, a ventricular cysticercus in one patient, and a giant vertebral artery aneurysm in another. All four cases had compression or displacement of the floor of the fourth ventricle, where the "vomiting centre" has been located.

Nimodipine-treated subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with acute pseudo-obstruction of the colon.

Nimodipine is being used with increasing frequency in the prevention or treatment of vasospasm due to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Few side effects have been described. An acute pseudo-obstruction of the colon (Ogilvie's syndrome) in a patient treated with an intravenous infusion of nimodipine is reported.

Cerebellar medulloblastoma: results of multidisciplinary treatment. Report of 120 cases.

The authors report a series of 120 cerebellar medulloblastomas. All patients were operated on between 1953 and 1982. Among them, 88 completed the treatment with radiotherapy, and 32 had additional chemotherapy.

Cysticercosis of the central nervous system: clinical and therapeutic considerations.

In a group of forty cases of cysticercosis of the central nervous system, 59% presented with intracranial hypertension due to obstructive hydrocephalus. Ventricular or cisternal cysts, and chronic cysticercus meningitis were the most common causes of hydrocephalus. Seizures occurred in 40% of the patients, in one-half of them in association with CT-detected parenchymatous cysts.

Axonal transport dysfunction in dystrophia myotonica.

Axonal transport of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was measured in the median and sural nerves of a subject who suffered from dystrophia myotonica and in a control subject. It was found that the basal activity of AChE was increased in myotonic nerves while its proximodistal transport was inhibited.

[Cerebral vasospasm. Clinicoangiographic correlation].

The authors analyzed the clinicoangiographic correlation of cerebral vasospasm in a series of 120 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysmal rupture. They made such correlation in the pre and postoperative course, in the follow-up, and in relation with the pathological findings. All patients were studied with one to three angiographies in the pre and postoperative course.