Curcumin as Prospective Anti-Aging Natural Compound: Focus on Brain.

The nutrients and their potential benefits are a new field of study in modern medicine for their positive impact on health. Curcumin, the yellow polyphenolic compound extracted from species, is widely used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine to prevent and contrast many diseases, considering its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, cardio-protective, nephron-protective, hepato-protective, anti-neoplastic, and anti-rheumatic proprieties. In recent years, the investigations of curcumin have been focused on its application to aging and age-associated diseases.

Role of Vitamin E and the Orexin System in Neuroprotection.

Microglia are the first line of defense at the level of the central nervous system (CNS). Phenotypic change in microglia can be regulated by various factors, including the orexin system. Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory process mediated by cytokines, by the lack of interaction between neurotransmitters and their specific receptors, caused by systemic tissue damage or, more often, associated with direct damage to the CNS.

Effects of myofascial release on flexibility and electromyographic activity of the lumbar erector spinae muscles in healthy individuals.

Objective: To investigate the effects of myofascial release on the flexibility and electromyographic activity of the lumbar erector spinae muscle in healthy individuals.

Methods: Ten healthy subjects were recruited to an intervention protocol of myofascial release techniques: (1) superficial myofascial release; (2) deep myofascial release apply along 10 sessions, twice a week, with 40 min per sessions. The outcomes evaluated were flexibility (Toe-Touch Test) and electromyography activity (EMG) of the lumbar erector spinae muscle (Iliocostalis and Longissimus bilaterally) during the movement of extension-flexion of the trunk.

Alternative detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by a new assay based on mass spectrometry.

Objectives: Accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA is essential to stopping the spread of SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the recently introduced MassARRAY SARS-CoV-2 Panel and to compare it to the cobas SARS-CoV-2 Test.

Methods: The MassARRAY SARS-CoV-2 Panel consists of five assays targeting different sequences of the SARS-CoV-2 genome.

The phenomenon of clasmatodendrosis.

Clasmatodendrosis derives from the Greek for fragment (), tree (), and condition (). Cajal first used the term in 1913: he observed disintegration of the distal cell processes of astrocytes, along with a fragmentation or beading of proximal processes closer to the astrocyte cell body. In contemporary clinical and experimental reports, clasmatodendrosis has been observed in models of cerebral ischemia and seizures (including status epilepticus), in elderly brains, in white matter disease, in hippocampal models and cell cultures associated with amyloid plaques, in head trauma, toxic exposures, demyelinating diseases, encephalitides and infection-associated encephalopathies, and in the treatment of cancer using immune effector cells.

Elevated Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Cortical Neurons of Chemotherapy Patients.

The unintended neurologic sequelae of chemotherapy contribute to significant patient morbidity. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is observed in up to 80% of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and involves multiple cognitive domains including executive functioning. The pathophysiology underlying CRCI and the neurotoxicity of chemotherapy is incompletely understood, but oxidative stress and DNA damage are highly plausible mechanisms based on preclinical data.

Effects of deployment of electric vehicles on air quality in the urban area of Turin (Italy).

This study aims to evaluate and quantify the environmental, health, and economic benefits due to the penetration of electric vehicles in the fleet composition by replacing conventional vehicles in an urban area. This study has been performed for the city of Turin, where road transport represents one of the main primary emission sources. Air pollution data were evaluated by ADMS-Roads, the flow traffic data used for simulation come from a real-time monitoring.

The COM-Poisson Process for Stochastic Modeling of Osmotic Inactivation Dynamics of .

Controlling harmful microorganisms, such as , can require reliable inactivation steps, including those providing conditions (e.g., using high salt content) in which the pathogen could be progressively inactivated.

Neonatal Fournier's Gangrene: Avoiding Extensive Debridement.

Fournier's gangrene is a necrotizing fasciitis of the scrotal and inguinal region, associating high mortality and complication rates. It is extremely rare in the neonatal period and may be life threatening. We present an exceptional case of a 24-day-old boy who consulted to the emergency department for fever (39 °C) and an indurated, fluctuating and painful erythema in both groins, left hemiscrotum, left anterior femoral region and perineum for the last 6 hours.

Laparoscopic surgery of congenital paraesophageal hernia in newborns and infants.

Introduction: Congenital paraesophageal hernia (CPH) is a rare pathology in pediatric patients. Clinical signs may occur as early as in newborns, which means it requires early surgical repair.

Clinical Cases: This is a series of three patients under 1 year of age diagnosed with type IV CPH - with symptoms occurring since they were newborns - who underwent laparoscopic surgical repair.

A Bayesian Model to Predict COVID-19 Severity in Children.

Background: We aimed to identify risk factors causing critical disease in hospitalized children with COVID-19 and to build a predictive model to anticipate the probability of need for critical care.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective study of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in 52 Spanish hospitals. The primary outcome was the need for critical care.

The Role of Biopsy in the Workup of Patients with Neuroblastoma: Comparison of the Incidence of Surgical Complications and the Diagnostic Reliability of Diverse Techniques.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood, accounting for approximately 15% of all cancer-related deaths in the pediatric population. The overall survival of children with high-risk disease is around 40-50% despite the aggressive treatment protocols. In accordance with the most recent guidelines, a complete classification of the primary tumor, including its histopathological and molecular analysis, is necessary.

Equine Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Freeze-Dried Secretome (Lyosecretome) for the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Diseases: Production Process Validation and Batch Release Test for Clinical Use.

In the last decades, it has been demonstrated that the regenerative therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells is primarily due to the secretion of soluble factors and extracellular vesicles, collectively known as secretome. In this context, our work described the preparation and characterization of a freeze-dried secretome (Lyosecretome) from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for the therapy of equine musculoskeletal disorder. An intraarticular injectable pharmaceutical powder has been formulated, and the technological process has been validated in an authorized facility for veterinary clinical-use medicinal production.

Consensus statement of the Italian society of colorectal surgery (SICCR): management and treatment of pilonidal disease.

Pilonidal disease (PD) is a relatively common, benign but challenging condition of the natal cleft. This consensus statement was drawn up by a panel of surgeons, identified by the Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery (SICCR) as having a "special interest" in PD, with the aim of recommending the best therapeutic options according to currently available scientific evidence. A three-step modified-Delphi process was adopted, implying: (1) choice of the panelists; (2) development of a discussion outline and of target issues; and (3) a detailed systematic review of the current literature.

Working as a team in airway surgery: History, present and perspectives.

Teamwork is one of the most important trend in modern medicine. Airway team were created in many places to respond in a multidisciplinary and coordinated way to challenging clinical problems which were beyond the possibility of an individual management. In this chapter, we illustrate the historical steps leading to the development of an airway team in a pediatric referral hospital, describe the present teamwork activity defining the key points for the creation of a team and discussing different organization models; finally we delineate possible future directions for the airway teams in the globalized world.

Complex tracheal resection in children: Myths, reality and lessons learned.

Tracheal resection is an uncommon procedure in children. It was described many years ago and many surgeons still rely on historical reports when performing the procedure, despite the technological and clinical advancements achieved during the last decades. We consider complex tracheal resections those resections of 30 to 50% of tracheal length, corresponding to at least 6-7 rings.

Aortic arch uncrossing using a tracheal resection procedure.

One category of vascular rings is the right aortic arch associated with the diverticulum of Kommerell from which the left subclavian artery usually originates. In some cases, the right aortic arch crosses behind the trachea and the esophagus from right to left. The trachea and esophagus are compressed by the right aortic arch, the left ligamentum, and the posterior crossing aorta, which causes the typical symptoms of noisy breathing, dyspnea on exertion, dysphagia, and frequent upper respiratory tract infections.

The rise of registry-based research: a bibliometric analysis.

Background and purpose - The main purpose of arthroplasty registries is to collect information on patients, techniques, and devices to monitor and improve the outcome of the specific procedure. This study analyses the role played by registries in the orthopedic research community and describes publication trends, characteristics, and patterns of this field of research.Patients and methods - A descriptive-bibliometric review was conducted.

[COVID-19 in adults with antibody deficiencies].

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, emerged in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. Its clinical course is variable, as well as the mortality rate, which is higher among people over 65 years of age and persons with underlying conditions. Immunodeficiencies are potential risk factors for severe forms of COVID-19.

A far-reaching Regulation for the Italian National Registry of Implantable Prostheses: a possible model for other health registries.

Medical device registries are major tools for public health, able to provide early warning systems for increasing the patient safety. We are now at the forefront of a final legal and procedural step to design the Regulation of the Italian Implantable Prostheses Registry (RIPI) and to make data collection mandatory. This can ensure prostheses traceability, recall of patients and fuel biomedical and epidemiological research.

Aspiration pneumonia: A renewed perspective and practical approach.

Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is a sub-type of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) still poorly recognized especially in the absence of an aspiration event. A further difficulty is the differentiation between AP and aspiration pneumonitis. From a clinical perspective, AP is becoming increasingly relevant as a potential cause of severe and life-threatening respiratory infection among frail and very old patients, particularly among those with CAP requiring inpatient care.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis: A New Therapy to Treat the Long-Term Lung Sequelae?

To date, more than 100 million people worldwide have recovered from COVID-19. Unfortunately, although the virus is eradicated in such patients, fibrotic irreversible interstitial lung disease (pulmonary fibrosis, PF) is clinically evident. Given the vast numbers of individuals affected, it is urgent to design a strategy to prevent a second wave of late mortality associated with COVID-19 PF as a long-term consequence of such a devastating pandemic.

Critical participatory action research: Methods and praxis for intersectional knowledge production.

Building on the conceptual foundation of articles published in the 2005 volume of the Journal of Counseling Psychology on the qualitative turn in Counseling Psychology, we write to introduce and reflect on Critical Participatory Action Research (CPAR) as an intersectional approach to knowledge production by psychologists researching alongside individuals, communities, and movements dedicated to social justice. We open with a brief review of the origins of CPAR and the epistemological commitments of this approach to inquiry. We then explore why and how participation matters, and the delicate dynamics of CPAR through various phases of research: putting together a research team, crafting research questions and design, selecting methods, sampling, participatory analyses of qualitative and quantitative material, and figuring out how to produce and circulate findings in ways accountable to the community/movement of interest.