A woman in her seventies with fever and convulsions.

Background: Chagas encephalitis is a rare but severe manifestation of reactivation in patients with chronic Chagas disease.

Case Presentation: A woman in her seventies who was immunosuppressed after a heart transplant due to Chagas disease was admitted with convulsions, headache and visual disturbances. She developed fever, confusion and repeated convulsions.

An immunocompromised woman in her twenties with abdominal pain and vaginal discharge.

Background: Women of reproductive age who present with abdominal pain and purulent vaginal discharge are commonly seen in primary health care and gynaecological outpatient clinics. Their symptoms are often caused by sexually transmitted infections and efficiently treated with empiric antibiotics. However, in some cases diagnostics are more challenging.