Usefulness of transnasal volume-reduction treatment for nasal tumors by ultrasonic emulsification suction in 2 dogs.

Intranasal tumors in dogs are rare neoplastic diseases with obvious clinical signs, such as epistaxis, nasal congestion, and facial deformity. Radiation therapy is the treatment of choice but is not always accessible due to geographical location, logistics, or financial constraints. Other treatments may not be used because of various restrictions.

A chronic intermittent haemodialysis pig model for functional evaluation of dialysis membranes.

Performance evaluation of new dialysis membranes is primarily performed in vitro, which can lead to differences in clinical results. Currently, data on dialysis membrane performance and safety are available only for haemodialysis patients. Herein, we aimed to establish an in vivo animal model of dialysis that could be extrapolated to humans.

Laparoscopic treatment of congenital portosystemic shunts with portal pressure measurement and portal angiography in 36 dogs.

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery is used for canine congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (CEHPSS). However, outcomes of laparoscopic surgery involving simultaneous portal vein angiography and portal pressure measurement to attenuate or completely occlude the shunt vessel in canines remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate outcomes and complications of laparoscopic portosystemic shunt occlusion (LAPSSO) for CEHPSS.

Comparison of perioperative serum osteocrin concentrations between surgical techniques in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture.

The cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is a common orthopedic disease in dogs that is usually managed with tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) or extracapsular lateral suture (ECLS). Osteotomy is generally associated with some complications, including nonunion. The periosteum plays an important role in bone growth and remodeling.

Usefulness of computed tomography for cryptorchidism in bulls.

Cryptorchidism is defined as the failure of the testis to descend into the scrotal position. Bulls with cryptorchidism have problems in both meat quality and husbandry management; thus, it is greatly important to accurately identify the retained testis and remove it during the early stage. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) was performed under general anesthesia in 34 bulls aged 3-9 months with cryptorchidism.

Pancreatic enzyme activity in the bile of healthy cats and its association with biliary morphology.

Background: In human medicine, congenital maljunction of the common bile duct (CBD) and main pancreatic duct (MPD), or pancreatobiliary maljunction (PBM), is a known cause of cholecystitis.

Objective: Pancreatic enzyme activity in the bile (a diagnostic marker for PBM) of healthy cats was measured to determine normal values and evaluate its relationship with biliary morphology.

Animals: Fifty-two healthy cats.

Dog Steroidogenic Factor-1: Molecular cloning and analysis of epigenetic regulation.

Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) is a nuclear receptor that is important in steroid hormone production, and adrenal and gonad development. The SF-1 gene is highly conserved among most vertebrates. However, dog SF-1 registered in public databases, such as CanFam3.

Disseminated Pneumocystosis in a Toy Poodle.

A 1-year and 7-months-old neutered male toy poodle was presented with persistent respiratory distress, gradual weight loss and melaena. Thoracic radiography showed an unstructured interstitial lung pattern. Histopathological examination of tissues collected at necropsy examination revealed disseminated infection by Pneumocystis carinii.

Severe Degenerative Changes in Cryptorchid Testes in Japanese Black Cattle.

This is a histopathologic and endocrinologic study of 6 calves diagnosed with cryptorchidism. Cases 1-3 were diagnosed as resembling testicular regression syndrome. In cases 1 and 2, the extracted tissue was a small, firm, gray-white mass, and there was lack of obvious testicular tissue in case 3.

Effects of a single-bolus bupivacaine injection into the coccygeal spinal canal of rabbits.

It has been reported that drugs intended for epidural administration through the lumbosacral junction are accidentally administered into the subarachnoid space frequently in rabbits. Therefore, we evaluated the epidural single-bolus injection technique for the administration of bupivacaine into the coccygeal spinal canal of rabbits. After epidural distribution was confirmed by the injection of iohexol into the coccygeal spinal canal, 0.

Usefulness of Urinary Creatinine/Urea Nitrogen Ratio as Indicator of Body Protein Catabolism in Dogs Fed Low Protein Diets.

Low protein diets (LPs) constitute a reportedly effective form of nutritional therapy for canine chronic kidney disease and cirrhosis. These diets have long been feared to result in reduced muscle mass due to protein catabolism. This adverse effect, however, remains largely unrecognized in veterinary medicine as there are no easily applicable catabolism indicators.

A possible origin population of pathogenic intestinal nematodes, Strongyloides stercoralis, unveiled by molecular phylogeny.

Humans and dogs are the two major hosts of Strongyloides stercoralis, an intestinal parasitic nematode. To better understand the phylogenetic relationships among S. stercoralis isolates infecting humans and dogs and to assess the zoonotic potential of this parasite, we analyzed mitochondrial Cox1, nuclear 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, and a major sperm protein domain-containing protein genes.

Retrospective analysis of canine gallbladder contents in biliary sludge and gallbladder mucoceles.

The pathophysiology of canine gallbladder diseases, including biliary sludge, gallbladder mucoceles and gallstones, is poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the component of gallbladder contents and bacterial infection of the gallbladder in order to elucidate the pathophysiology of biliary sludge and gallbladder mucoceles. A total of 43 samples of canine gallbladder contents (biliary sludge, 21 and gallbladder mucoceles, 22) were subjected to component analysis by infrared spectroscopy, and the resultant infrared spectra were compared with that of swine mucin.

Oxidative stress markers in Thoroughbred horses after castration surgery under inhalation anesthesia.

Oxidative stress has been reported to occur during surgery. It is important to reduce intraoperative oxidative stress to improve the postoperative prognosis. However, there are no reports regarding oxidative stress related to surgery in horses.

A case report of suspected hepatopulmonary syndrome secondary to ductal plate malformation with chronic active hepatitis in a dog.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a respiratory complication of hepatic disease, that is well recognized in humans and defined by the presence of 1) liver disease, 2) hypoxemia and/or high alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (AaDO2) and 3) intrapulmonary vasodilatation. The present report describes a similar case of HPS in a dog. A six-month-old Papillon was diagnosed with ductal plate malformation with chronic active hepatitis and showed progressive increases in AaDO2 over the course of the following six months.

Arterial blood gas anomaly in canine hepatobiliary disease.

Arterial blood gas analysis is an important diagnostic and monitoring tool for respiratory abnormalities. In human medicine, lung complications often occur as a result of liver disease. Although pulmonary complications of liver disease have not been reported in dogs, we have frequently encountered hypoxemia in dogs with liver disorders, especially extrahepatic biliary obstruction.

Effects of ozonated autohemotherapy on the antioxidant capacity of Thoroughbred horses.

The performance of horses undergoing regular intense exercise is adversely affected by oxidative stress. Thus, it is important to increase antioxidant production in horses in order to reduce oxidative stress. Ozonated autohemotherapy (OAHT) reportedly promotes antioxidant production.

Preparation of a platinum electrocatalyst by coaxial pulse arc plasma deposition.

We have developed a new method of preparing Pt electrocatalysts through a dry process. By coaxial pulse arc plasma deposition (CAPD), highly ionized metal plasma can be generated from a target rod without any discharged gases, and Pt nanoparticles can be deposited on a carbon support. The small-sized Pt nanoparticles are distributed over the entire carbon surface.

Laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy in standing bulls.

Laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy without insufflation was applied in 10 standing bulls aged 3 to 15 months. Nine bulls were preoperatively pointed out intra-abdominal testes by computed tomography. Preoperative fasting for a minimum of 24 hr provided laparoscopic visualization of intra-abdominal area from the kidney to the inguinal region.

Two Cases of Systemic Coronavirus-Associated Disease Resembling Feline Infectious Peritonitis in Domestic Ferrets in Japan.

A systemic disease of domestic ferrets characterized by pyogranulomatous inflammation was first recognized in Europe and the United States in 2002. The disease closely resembled feline infectious peritonitis and subsequently has been shown to be associated with ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV). A definitive laboratory diagnosis of this disease is typically based on a combination of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests to detect FRSCV in granulomatous lesions.

Markedly increased expression of interleukin-8 in the colorectal mucosa of inflammatory colorectal polyps in miniature dachshunds.

Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs) in miniature dachshunds were recently recognized as a major cause of large bowel diarrhea in this dog breed in Japan. ICRPs are characterized by the formation of multiple small polyps and/or space-occupying large polyps in the colorectal area and are thought to be a novel form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To explore key mediators in the pathogenesis of ICRPs, we analyzed several pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-12p35, IL-12/23p40, and IL-23p19) mRNA expressions in colorectal polyps in ICRP dogs by quantitative PCR.

Multiple Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenation Deficiency (Glutaric Aciduria Type II) with a Novel Mutation of Electron Transfer Flavoprotein-Dehydrogenase in a Cat.

Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency (MADD; also known as glutaric aciduria type II) is a human autosomal recessive disease classified as one of the mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation disorders. MADD is caused by a defect in the electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) or ETF dehydrogenase (ETFDH) molecule, but as yet, inherited MADD has not been reported in animals. Here we present the first report of MADD in a cat.

Expression of CD4+ T cell cytokine genes in the colorectal mucosa of inflammatory colorectal polyps in miniature dachshunds.

Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs) in miniature dachshunds are recently recognized as a major cause of large bowel diarrhea in this dog breed in Japan. ICRPs are characterized by the formation of multiple small polyps and a space-occupying large polyp in the colorectal area, and are thought to be a novel form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In humans, specific cytokine patterns attributed to T helper (Th)1, Th17 and regulatory T cells have important roles in the pathogenesis of IBD.