Characterisation of Novel HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 Alleles in a Spanish Bone Marrow Donor: DQA1*05:05:23 and DQB1*03:562.

Description of the novel HLA-DQA1*05:05:23 and -DQB1*03:562 alleles.

Effect of Different Coffee Brews on Tryptophan Metabolite-Induced Cytotoxicity in HT-29 Human Colon Cancer Cells.

Coffee consumption positively influences colon health. Conversely, high levels of tryptophan metabolites such as skatole released from intestinal putrefactive fermentation in the presence of excessive dietary animal protein intake, and gut microbiota alterations, may have several adverse effects, including the development of colorectal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the potential protective effects of coffee in the presence of different skatole levels.

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Coffee Brew Evaluated after Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion.

Coffee contains human health-related molecules, namely polyphenols that possess a wide range of pharmacological functions, and their intake is associated with reduced colon cancer risk. This study aimed to assess the changes in the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of coffee after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The evaluation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line and three in vitro spectrophotometric assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity of the samples.

Non-invasive and label-free identification of human natural killer cell subclasses by biophysical single-cell features in microfluidic flow.

Natural killer (NK) cells are indicated as favorite candidates for innovative therapeutic treatment and are divided into two subclasses: immature regulatory NK CD56 and mature cytotoxic NK CD56. Therefore, the ability to discriminate CD56 from CD56 could be very useful because of their higher cytotoxicity. Nowadays, NK cell classification is routinely performed by cytometric analysis based on surface receptor expression.

Restless legs-like syndrome as an emergent adverse event of CGRP monoclonal antibodies: A report of two cases.

Background: One of the advantages of CGRP monoclonal antibodies is their excellent safety and tolerability. However, postmarketing surveillance, is essential to detect potential rare emergent adverse events.

Objectives: To report two patients who developed restless legs syndrome symptoms after treatment with CGRP antibodies.

The glymphatic system and its involvement in disorders of the nervous system.

The central nervous system was thought to be devoid of lymphatics. Recently, the existence of an authentic brain lymphatic system, known as the glymphatic system, composed of paravascular channels penetrating arterial and venous brain vessels and dural lymphatics cleaning the interstitial space, has been demonstrated. Aquaporin-4, located in astrocyte feet attached to the paravascular spaces, plays a key role in the clearance of waste molecules, such as beta-amyloid or tau proteins.

Progress on the Fabrication and Application of Electrospun Nanofiber Composites.

Nanofibers are one of the most attractive materials in various applications due to their unique properties and promising characteristics for the next generation of materials in the fields of energy, environment, and health. Among the many fabrication methods, electrospinning is one of the most efficient technologies which has brought about remarkable progress in the fabrication of nanofibers with high surface area, high aspect ratio, and porosity features. However, neat nanofibers generally have low mechanical strength, thermal instability, and limited functionalities.

Expression profile of HLA-B*38:55Q allele.

The identification of null or questionably expressed HLA allelic variants is a major issue in HLA diagnostics, because the mistyping of the aberrant expression of such alleles can have a major impact on the outcome of both hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and solid organ transplants. It is debated how questionable (Q) alleles, because of their unknown expression profile, should be considered in an allogenic HSCT setting. The HLA-B*38:55Q allele was detected as an HLA-B blank specificity; DNA sequencing identified a single polymorphism at position 373 in exon 3 (TGC > CGC), which results in the replacement of cysteine 101 with an arginine in the HLA-B heavy chain, thus, impairing disulfide bridge formation in the alpha-2 domain, essential for the normal expression of the HLA molecules.

[Real need for headache services and their resource consumption: a retrospective observational study on a cohort in Cantabria].

Introduction: Headache services arise out of a need to improve care for patients with different types of headache; however, some important aspects of clinical management that demonstrate their efficiency remain unknown.

Aim: To estimate the need for headache services in our area.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in two phases: identification of the first visits due to headache during three consecutive months and collection of care data during one year.

Systemic and cerebral endothelial dysfunction in chronic migraine. A case-control study with an active comparator.

Background And Objective: Unlike migraine and migraine with aura, little information exists regarding chronic migraine (CM) as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In this study we aim to determine whether an association between CM and endothelial dysfunction exists.

Methods: Individuals 18 years and older diagnosed with episodic migraine (EM) and CM according to ICHD criteria were studied.

HLA-B*38:55Q: a new alternatively expressed allele identified in a three-generation Italian family.

The new allelic variant HLA-B*38:55Q differs from the closest related B*38:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at position 373 in exon 3 (TGC>CGC). This results in a difference of one amino acid at residue 101 of the HLA-B heavy chain, from a neutral-polar Cys to a basic-polar Arg, thus impairing disulphide bridge formation in the alpha-2 domain. This alteration of the secondary structure probably affects the maturation of the heavy chain and the level of surface expression, making the HLA-B*38:55Q undetectable by standard serological typing.

No evidence of association between common European mitochondrial DNA variants in Alzheimer, Parkinson, and migraine in the Spanish population.

Certain mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and haplogroups have been found to be associated with neurological disorders. Several studies have suggested that mtDNA variation could have an etiologic role in these disorders by affecting the ATP production on high-energy demanding organs, such as the brain. We have analyzed 15 mtDNA SNPs (mtSNPs) in five cohorts of cases presenting Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and migraine, and in controls, to evaluate the role mtDNA variation in disease risk.

Warfarin anticoagulant therapy: a Southern Italy pharmacogenetics-based dosing model.

Background And Aim: Warfarin is the most frequently prescribed anticoagulant worldwide. However, warfarin therapy is associated with a high risk of bleeding and thromboembolic events because of a large interindividual dose-response variability. We investigated the effect of genetic and non genetic factors on warfarin dosage in a South Italian population in the attempt to setup an algorithm easily applicable in the clinical practice.

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene polymorphisms as risk factor in temporomandibular disorders patients from Southern Italy.

Objectives: To evaluate the role of COMT gene variants as potential risk factors in a group of patients affected with chronic temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain.

Methods: We sequenced COMT gene in 182 Italian subjects (50 affected by TMD and 132 controls). The study population consisted of patients affected by myogenous and/or arthrogenous pain (RDC/TMD: Ia, Ib, IIIa, IIIb diagnostic categories).

Analysis of endothelial precursor cells in chronic migraine: a case-control study.

Background: Migraine has been considered a vascular risk factor especially in young women. Factors predisposing to endothelial damage in migraine are still being debated. The insufficiency of circulating endothelial precursor circulating cells (EPCs) suggested a link between migraine and cardiovascular risk.

Cluster-tic syndrome as the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis.

We report the case of a patient diagnosed as having cluster-tic syndrome as the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). The patient's headache bouts improved after treatment with antiepileptic drugs, steroids, and beta-interferon. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans showed a pontine demyelinating lesion involving the area of the trigeminal root inlet and main sensory nucleus.

Family-based association study of chromosome 6p12.2-p21.1 migraine locus.

Background: One of the genome-wide linkage studies performed in migraine has yielded a significant linkage of migraine (with and without aura) with markers located at 6p12.2-21.1.

The relationship between homocysteine and genes of folate-related enzymes in migraine patients.

Background: It has been suggested that homocysteine (Hcy) and the 5'-10'-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T variant are implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine. Homocysteine has the potential to damage endothelium and accelerate atherosclerosis. Genetic factors such as the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, and other polymorphisms in folate-related genes associated with high homocysteine levels, may contribute to increasing this vascular risk.

Multilocus analyses reveal involvement of the ESR1, ESR2, and FSHR genes in migraine.

Objective: Female hormone genes have been investigated in migraine in recent years. Research in this field has been controversial, especially in regard to ESR1 gene findings. None of the reports have yet to approach the problem from a multigenic point of view.