Revisiting Ligament-Sparing Lumbar Microdiscectomy: When to Preserve Ligamentum Flavum and How to Evaluate Radiological Results for Epidural Fibrosis.

Objective: Preserving the ligamentum flavum (LF) during lumbar spine surgery can help to limit the extent of postoperative epidural fibrosis (EF), which is a potential cause of persistent leg pain. We present a retrospective analysis of microdiscectomy with preservation of the LF to evaluate the effects of the two LF mobilizing techniques (reflecting inferiorly or medially vs. removing completely) on EF and clinical outcomes.

Relation of behavior problems with findings of cranial diffusion tensor MRI and MR spectroscopy in autistic children.

Purpose: To investigate any relation of behavior problems with cranial Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) findings in autism spectrum disorders.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 males children (12 autistic patients and 8 healthy controls) was examined by cranial DTI and MRS. The Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) was used to calculate the irritability, lethargy-social withdrawal, stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity, and speech disorder scores for each patient.

Real-time sonoelastography of the quadriceps tendon in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare sonoelastographic findings for the quadriceps tendon in patients with chronic renal failure who were in a dialysis program to findings in a control group.

Methods: Fifty-three randomly allocated patients (mean age, 54.3 years; range, 27-86 years) with chronic renal failure who were in a dialysis program 3 days a week between January and May 2012 were included.

Real time sonoelastographic evaluation of renal allografts in correlation with clinical prognostic parameters: comparison of linear and convex transducers according to segmental anatomy.

Background: Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice in end-stage renal disease. Chronic allograft dysfunction is the leading cause of chronic allograft failure. Surveillance biopsy is the only reliable tool to detect early fibrosis in the allograft.

Ten frequently asked questions about MRI evaluation of soft-tissue vascular anomalies.

Objective: The objective of this article was to address 10 frequently asked questions that radiologists face when planning, performing, and interpreting an MRI study in a patient with a soft-tissue vascular anomaly.

Conclusion: MRI permits a comprehensive assessment of vascular anomalies. It is important for radiologists to be familiar with the classification and correct nomenclature of vascular anomalies as well as the MRI protocol and distinct imaging findings of the different vascular malformations and tumors.

Noninvasive vascular imaging in abdominal solid organ transplantation.

Objective: In this article, we focus on the vascular complications related to liver, pancreas, and kidney transplantation.

Conclusion: Long term allograft survival of solid organ transplantation depends on early intervention of complications. Noninvasive imaging with ultrasound, CT, and MRI allows accurate diagnosis of complications and aids in treatment planning.

CT angiography of the upper extremity arterial system: Part 2- Clinical applications beyond trauma patients.

Objective: CT angiography using modern MDCT scanners has evolved into a highly accurate noninvasive diagnostic tool for the evaluation of patients with pathologic abnormalities of the upper extremity arterial system.

Conclusion: Here we focus on the use of this modality in patients with nontraumatic vascular pathologic abnormalities.

CT angiography of the upper extremity arterial system: Part 1-Anatomy, technique, and use in trauma patients.

Objective: In this article, we focus on the arterial anatomy of the upper extremities, the technical aspects of upper extremity CT angiography (CTA), and CTA use in trauma patients.

Conclusion: CTA using modern MDCT scanners has evolved into a highly accurate noninvasive diagnostic tool for the evaluation of patients with abnormalities of the upper extremity arterial system.

Symplastic leiomyoma in the suprarenal inferior vena cava.

Leiomyomas are benign tumors of the soft tissue and may develop in any location where smooth muscle is present. Leiomyoma in the inferior vena cava is a rarely seen pathology, and symplastic leiomyoma is also a rare histological variant of leiomyoma. In this case, we present a rare histological variant of symplastic leiomyoma in the inferior vena cava (IVC).

Comparing brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings of pediatric treatment-naive obsessive-compulsive disorder patients with healthy controls.

Objective: It is believed that biochemical alterations in different brain regions are involved in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to explore possible metabolic variations between pediatric OCD cases and healthy controls in brain regions which were implicated in OCD pathophysiology.

Method: Children and adolescents between 8 and 16 years of age with OCD (n:15) and case matched healthy controls (n:15) were recruited for the study.

Clinical outcome assessment in mammography: an audit of 7,506 screening and diagnostic mammography examinations.

Purpose: To perform an audit of our routine mammographic practice and to compare our results to performance benchmarks.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the outcomes of 7,506 consecutive examinations performed in 1 year. Screening and diagnostic cases were evaluated separately and mammographic assessments were based on the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification.

Evaluation of the effect of cola drinks on bone mineral density and associated factors.

The aim of the study was to determine bone mineral density changes caused by consumption of cola drinks and the associated factors. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1 and 2, consisting of 10 male and 10 female rats, respectively, were provided with as much food, water and cola drinks as they wanted.