Trends in Demographic, Clinical, Socioeconomic, and Facility-Specific Factors Linked to Eyelid Melanoma Survival: A National Cancer Database Analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, and facility-specific factors affecting the survival outcomes of patients diagnosed with eyelid melanoma (EM) between 2004 and 2017 using data from the National Cancer Database.

Methods: Cases of EM diagnosed between 2004 and 2017 were identified using the National Cancer Database. Patient demographic data, tumor stage (American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM classification), treatment modalities, and socioeconomic variables were collected.

Repositioning the Posterior Septal Angle in Rhinoplasty: Methods and Outcomes.

Objective: Repositioning and fixation of the posterior septal angle (PSA) relative to the anterior nasal spine (ANS) is a well-known maneuver performed during rhinoplasty. Suture techniques through the periosteum along with transosseous drilling through the spine are the two most common fixation methods. We report on how nasal airway patency varies as a function of technique and patient demographic factors.

Nasal Obstruction Outcomes in Medial Flap Turbinoplasty and Inferior Turbinate Submucous Resection.

Objectives: To compare longitudinal improvement in nasal obstruction quality-of-life outcomes between medial flap turbinoplasty (MFT) and inferior turbinate submucous resection (SMR) concurrently performed with functional septorhinoplasty.

Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected cohort of patients undergoing functional septorhinoplasty between 2015 and 2022 at a tertiary academic center. Outcomes were assessed using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire preoperatively and over 12 months postoperatively.

Survival Outcomes of 997 Patients With Eyelid Sebaceous Carcinoma in the National Cancer Database.

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the survival of patients with sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of the eyelids according to demographics and other variables.

Methods: Patients with SC of the eyelids from 2004 to 2017 were identified in the National Cancer Database. Demographic and clinical covariates were assessed.

A review of particulate matter (PM) in Indonesia: trends, health impact, challenges, and options.

This study reviews particulate matter (PM) research in Indonesia, focusing on current trends, health impacts, challenges, and future research directions. As the largest archipelago country, Indonesia faces severe pollution annually due to rapid urbanization, industrial activities, vehicle emissions, and forest fires. PM levels often exceed WHO and NAAQS standards, especially in urban areas and during forest fire seasons, posing significant health risks to vulnerable populations.

Optimizing Myocardial Protection in Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgeries: A Network Comparison of Del Nido, Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate, and Blood Cardioplegia.

: The optimal choice of cardioplegia solution in minimally invasive cardiac surgeries (MICS) remains debated, as prolonged myocardial protection is essential to avoid interruptions to the surgical flow, which can prolong aortic cross-clamp time and cardiopulmonary bypass time, especially in the constrained surgical field. We conducted a network meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the del Nido (DN), histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK), blood cardioplegia (BC), and St. Thomas' (STH) solutions in MICS.

Understanding the Composition of a Comprehensive Otolaryngologist's Practice Through Medicare Reimbursements.

Objective: With a rising number of otolaryngology (ORL) graduates completing a fellowship, the number of generalists (also known as comprehensive ORLs [c-ORLs]), arguably the group of ORLs most needed, is likely to decrease. However, the practice and reimbursement patterns of c-ORLs have yet to be examined.

Study Design: Cross-sectional retrospective analysis.

High-intensity interval training combined with cannabidiol supplementation improves cognitive impairment by regulating the expression of apolipoprotein E, presenilin-1, and glutamate proteins in a rat model of amyloid β-induced Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major public concern and one of the primary types of dementia characterized by memory impairment and cognitive decline. Although the properties of exercise training and cannabidiol (CBD) treatments for improving AD have recently been revealed, the exact mechanisms remain unknown. Therefore, this study highlights the interactive impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and CBD administration on improving cognitive impairment in a rat model of amyloid beta (Aꞵ)-induced AD through modulating the expression of apolipoprotein E (APOE), presenilin-1, and glutamate proteins.

Trends in Medicare Utilization and Reimbursement of Tracheostomy From 2000 to 2022.

Objective: To analyze the utilization and reimbursement for tracheostomy.

Study Design: Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Setting: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data (2013 and 2021) and Part B Medicare Fee-For-Service National Summary Data (2000-2022).

Vicarious death: Grief, politics, and identity after the flight PS752 tragedy.

In January 2020, Ukrainian Flight PS752 was shot down shortly after take-off from Tehran's IKA airport, killing all 176 passengers, the majority of whom were headed to Canada via connecting flights. In the aftermath of the tragedy, many among the Iranian diaspora in Canada, ourselves included, were stricken by an unexpectedly deep sense of shock and sorrow, to the point that some experienced what we term as "vicarious death." Drawing on 49 in-depth interviews with the Iranian diaspora in Edmonton, this study explores questions about how being an immigrant, being far from "Home," and being a member of a racialized group might shape and deepen the experience of collective grief and how, conversely, collective grief might influence the meaning of "Home" and bring into question one's ethno-national self-identity.

Induction Chemotherapy for Locoregionally Advanced Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

 There is emerging evidence to suggest the role of induction chemotherapy (IC) in definitive management of locoregionally advanced sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC). We evaluated the influence of IC on survival and predictors of its use in SNSCC patients.  The 2004 to 2017 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with locoregionally advanced SNSCC (T4/M0).

The Impact of Code Bundling on Medicare Volume and Reimbursements Within Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

In 2018, Medicare introduced new codes to the Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) and balloon sinus dilation (BSD) families of Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Using the Medicare Part B National Summary Data File from 2010 to 2022, an interrupted time-series analysis examined trends in volume and reimbursements before and after 2018. Prior to 2018, volume and reimbursements for FESS grew at a mean rate of 2.

Electrochemical Bromination of Arenes in a 200% Cell.

Herein, we describe the investigation of electrochemical bromination of electron-rich arenes in a 200% cell. For this application, at first, the influence of an excess of supporting electrolyte (BuNBr) on chemical bromination was investigated. The application of >4.

Medicare Reimbursement and Utilization Trends Within Skull Base Surgery.

Background: Medicare reimbursements for otolaryngology and neurosurgery procedures have generally declined since 2000. We explore Medicare reimbursement trends for anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, posterior cranial fossa, pituitary surgery, and skull base reconstruction surgery from 2000-2022.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Physician Fee Schedule was performed from 2000-2022 on approach, resection, and repair of the skull base (Current Procedural Terminology codes 31290-31291, 61546, 61548, 61575-61619, and 62165).

Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles induce liver fibrosis-resolving phenotype in alternatively activated macrophages.

The potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from mesenchymal stromal cells in guiding macrophages toward anti-inflammatory immunophenotypes, has been reported in several studies. In our study, we provided experimental evidence of a distinctive effect played by Wharton Jelly mesenchymal stromal cell-derived EVs (WJ-EVs) on human macrophages. We particularly analyzed their anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages by evaluating their interactions with stellate cells, and their protective role in liver fibrosis.

The Current State of Regionalization in Otolaryngologic Specialized Tumor Care for Tumor Diagnoses.

Objective: The current extent of otolaryngologic cancer care regionalization is unclear. This study characterizes case volume regionalization patterns for 4 distinct otolaryngologic tumors-head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), thyroid cancers (TCs), vestibular schwannomas, and pituitary adenomas (PAs).

Methods: The 2010-2016 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with HNSCCs, TCs, vestibular schwannomas, and PAs.

Assessing the Readability, Reliability, and Quality of AI-Modified and Generated Patient Education Materials for Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery.

Background: Despite National Institutes of Health and American Medical Association recommendations to publish online patient education materials at or below sixth-grade literacy, those pertaining to endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) have lacked readability and quality. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence (AI) system capable of synthesizing vast internet data to generate responses to user queries but its utility in improving patient education materials has not been explored.

Objective: To examine the current state of readability and quality of online patient education materials and determined the utility of ChatGPT for improving articles and generating patient education materials.

MIL-88-NH(Fe) conjugated pectin through a post-modification Ugi four-component reaction: A robust bio-based catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonate via CO fixation reaction.

The functionalization of materials via multicomponent reactions (MCRs) led to a recent surge in the interest of researchers, owing to the creation of exceptional properties in materials. Herein, a novel robust porous catalyst was prepared via the conjugation of MIL-88-NH(Fe) and pectin (DAP/MIL-88-NH(Fe)) through the post-modification Ugi four-component reaction (Ugi-4CR) for the first time. To achieve this aim, pectin was oxidized using sodium periodate as an oxidant agent to produce dialdehyde pectin (DAP).

Impact of Treatment Delay in Head and Neck Mucosal Melanoma on Overall Patient Survival.

 Head and neck mucosal melanoma (HNMM) is a rare malignancy with high mortality. This study evaluates the impact of treatment delays on overall survival in HNMM.  A retrospective review of patients with surgically managed HNMM treated with adjuvant radiation was performed from the 2004-2016 National Cancer Database.