Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage from Scrotum Secondary to Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Migration.

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts are a common neurosurgical procedure used to treat hydrocephalus. Despite their efficacy, many shunts fail and require revisions. The most common causes of shunt failure include obstruction, infection, migration, and perforation.

Techniques for Safe Removal of Spinal Cord Stimulation Paddle Leads.

Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a safe neuromodulatory treatment used to treat failed back surgery syndrome, chronic neuropathic pain, and complex regional pain syndrome. Despite its efficacy, some patients fail to achieve pain relief and elect to undergo removal of SCS paddle leads. The safety and best practices of these procedures have not been defined.

Developing a fast-track discharge protocol for patients with cerebral aneurysms treated via neuroendovascular techniques.

Introduction: As we emerge from the current pandemic, hospitals, staff, and resources will need to continue to adjust to meet ongoing healthcare demands. Lessons learned during past shortages can be used to optimize peri-procedural protocols to safely improve the utilization of hospital resources.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients who underwent elective endovascular intracranial aneurysm treatment was performed.

Revision and Replacement of Spinal Cord Stimulator Paddle Leads.

Objectives: Paddle leads for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) offer more efficient energy delivery and advantages in some patients. However, there is concern for how safely SCS paddles can be replaced once previously implanted because of scar tissue and the relative vulnerability of the thoracic cord. In this study, we share our experience on SCS paddle replacement.

Biomarkers Predictive of Extubation and Survival of COVID-19 Patients.

Purpose Many patients with COVID-19 who develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) require prolonged periods of mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilation may amplify ventilator-associated complications and extend resource utilization. A better understanding of prognostic indicators could help in the planning and distribution of resources, particularly in resource-limited areas.

Treatment Strategies for Generator Pocket Pain.

Objective: Generator site pain is a relatively common phenomenon in patients undergoing spinal cord stimulation (SCS) that complicates management and effective pain relief. This pain may be managed conservatively, with repositioning of the battery and, in some cases, with explant. Here we explore our experience with management of generator site pain ("pocket pain") in a large single-center study.

Safety of Deep Brain Stimulation Lead Placement on Patients Requiring Anticlotting Therapies.

Background: Limited studies exist to support the safety of performing neuromodulation surgeries in patients whose anticlotting medication has been held. Here, we assess the safety of performing deep brain stimulation (DBS) in this patient population.

Methods: All consecutive DBS patients who underwent lead and battery placement/revision at our institution between 2011 and 2020 were included in this Institutional Review Board-approved prospective outcomes database.

Charge Density Wave Melting in One-Dimensional Wires with Femtosecond Subgap Excitation.

Charge density waves (CDWs) are symmetry-broken ground states that commonly occur in low-dimensional metals due to strong electron-electron and/or electron-phonon coupling. The nonequilibrium carrier distribution established via photodoping with femtosecond laser pulses readily quenches these ground states and induces an ultrafast insulator-to-metal phase transition. To date, CDW melting has been mainly investigated in the single-photon regime with pump photon energies bigger than the gap size.

All-optical nonequilibrium pathway to stabilising magnetic Weyl semimetals in pyrochlore iridates.

Nonequilibrium many-body dynamics is becoming a central topic in condensed matter physics. Floquet topological states were suggested to emerge in photodressed bands under periodic laser driving. Here we propose a viable nonequilibrium route without requiring coherent Floquet states to reach the elusive magnetic Weyl semimetallic phase in pyrochlore iridates by ultrafast modification of the effective electron-electron interaction with short laser pulses.

A previously unknown hair cell epithelium in the pigeon cochlea: the papilla chaotica.

A previously unknown sensory epithelium can be found on the medial wall of the apical part of the pigeon cochlear duct. It comprises about 200 hair cells. These are not arranged in any regular pattern, shape and orientation of the ciliary bundles even differ in neighbouring hair cells.

Discharge patterns of cat primary auditory fibers with electrical stimulation of the cochlea.

Intact and destroyed cat cochleae were electrically stimulated through round window electrodes. Intact cochleae provided information about fiber properties with acoustic stimuli. With sinusoidal currents thresholds for synchronization were 4-68 microA rms.

Primary lateral line response to water surface waves in the topminnow Aplocheilus lineatus (Pisces, Cyprinodontidae).

1. The function of supraorbital organ II/2 of the head lateral line system of the surface feeding fish Aplocheilus lineatus is characterized here by the lateral line nerve response evoked by biologically relevant surface wave trains. 2.