Efficacy and safety of a single-pill versus free combination of perindopril/indapamide/amlodipine: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind study in Chinese patients with hypertension.

Background: In China, the prevalence of hypertension is high and the use of combination antihypertensive therapy is low, which contributes to inadequate blood pressure (BP) control. The availability of simplified treatments combining complementary BP-lowering agents may help more patients achieve their goals.

Methods: This Phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, noninferiority study included Chinese adults with mild-to-moderate hypertension.

Cardio-ankle vascular index for predicting cardiovascular morbimortality and determinants for its progression in the prospective advanced approach to arterial stiffness (TRIPLE-A-Stiffness) study.

Background: The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) measure of arterial stiffness is associated with prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, while its predictive value for cardiovascular events remains to be established. The aim was to determine associations of CAVI with cardiovascular morbimortality (primary outcome) and all-cause mortality (secondary outcome), and to establish the determinants of CAVI progression.

Methods: TRIPLE-A-Stiffness, an international multicentre prospective longitudinal study, enrolled >2000 subjects ≥40 years old at 32 centres from 18 European countries.

Validation of the Withings BPM Core Device for Self-Blood Pressure Measurements in General Population According to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization Universal Standard.

Background: Most of the scientific societies recommend assessing the accuracy of electronic devices for blood pressure (BP) measurements using established validation protocol.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of the BP measurements using the Withings BPM Core device in the general population according to the "Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018/AMD 1:2020)".

Methods: The Withings BPM Core is an oscillometric device measuring BP at the brachial level.

Clinical Accuracy of the Withings BPM Connect for Self-Blood Pressure Measurements in Pregnancy and Pre-Eclampsia: Validation According to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization Universal Standard.

Background: Electronic devices for blood pressure (BP) measurements require independent clinical validation as recommended by various authorities/societies, both in general and special populations such as pregnancy.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of the Withings BPM Connect device in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia according to the Universal Standard Validation Protocol.

Methods: The Withings BPM Connect device measures BP at the brachial level using the oscillometric method.

Accuracy of the COMBEI BP118A Device for Self-Blood Pressure Measurements in General Population - Validation According to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization Universal Standard.

Background: Electronic devices for blood pressure (BP) measurements must undergo independent clinical validation as recommended by various authorities and scientific societies.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of the Combei BP118A device in the general population according to the Universal Standard Validation Protocol.

Methods: The new-developed Combei BP118A device measures BP at the brachial level using the oscillometric method.

Home blood pressure monitoring: methodology, clinical relevance and practical application: a 2021 position paper by the Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension.

The present paper provides an update of previous recommendations on Home Blood Pressure Monitoring from the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability sequentially published in years 2000, 2008 and 2010. This update has taken into account new evidence in this field, including a recent statement by the American Heart association, as well as technological developments, which have occurred over the past 20 years. The present document has been developed by the same ESH Working Group with inputs from an international team of experts, and has been endorsed by the ESH.

Arterial Stiffness and Coronary Ischemia: New Aspects and Paradigms.

Purpose Of Review: Aortic stiffness (AS) is widely associated with hypertension and considered as a major predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD). AS is measured using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), particularly when this parameter is associated with an index involving age, gender, heart rate, and mean blood pressure. The present review focuses on the interest of measurement of PWV and the calculation of individual PWV index for the prediction of CHD, in addition with the use of new statistical nonlinear models enabling results with very high levels of accuracy.

Feasibility of 24-h central blood pressure monitoring: experience from multinational clinical trial assessing the efficacy of perindopril/indapamide/amlodipine.

Objectives: Brachial blood pressure (BP) is a predictor of cardiovascular events. Evidence suggests that central BP (CBP) provides additional information for cardiovascular risk assessment. Methods to assess 24-h CBP are now available.

Reproducibility of the European Society of Hypertension - International Protocol for validation of blood pressure measuring devices in obese patients.

Background: Electronic devices for blood pressure (BP) measurements need to go through independent clinical validation as recommended by different authorities, both in general and special populations. Reproducibility of such validation protocols is unknown.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the inter-centre reproducibility of the European Society of Hypertension-International protocol (ESH-IP) in patients with large arm circumference at least 32 cm or obesity.

Association between different lipid parameters and aortic stiffness: clinical and therapeutic implication perspectives.

Introduction: Recommendations about lipid parameters varied from different guidelines. Aortic stiffness is a marker of vascular aging and may reflect occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of aortic stiffness, can be measured by applanation tonometry.

Determinants of pulse pressure amplification in hypertensive and diabetic patients.

Hypertensive diabetic patients remain at high cardiovascular risk despite adequate blood pressure and glycemic control. Pulse pressure amplification (PPA) is expressed as the peripheral-to-central PP ratio and provides complementary information for use in assessing cardiovascular risk. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical and biological determinants of PPA in hypertensive and diabetic patients.

Clinical accuracy of the Omron M3 Comfort and the Omron Evolv for self-blood pressure measurements in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia - validation according to the Universal Standard Protocol.

Background: Electronic devices for blood pressure (BP) measurements need to go through independent clinical validation as recommended by different authorities, both in general and in special populations such as pregnancy.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of the Omron Evolv (HEM-7600T-E) and the Omron M3 Comfort (HEM-7134-E) devices in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia according to the Universal Standard Validation Protocol.

Methods: Both devices, the Evolv and the M3 Comfort, measure BP at the brachial level using the oscillometric method.

Validation of BP devices QardioArm in the general population and Omron M6 Comfort in type II diabetic patients according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol (ESH-IP).

Background: Following the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol (ESH-IP) Revision 2010, QardioArm and Omron M6 Comfort IT oscillometric devices were evaluated in the general population and in patients with type II diabetes, respectively, for self-blood pressure (BP) measurement.

Methods: Both devices, QardioArm and Omron M6 Comfort, measure BP at the brachial level. The ESH-IP Revision 2010 includes a total number of 33 subjects.

Effects of metabolic syndrome on arterial function in different age groups: the Advanced Approach to Arterial Stiffness study.

Objective: The aim of the Advanced Approach to Arterial Stiffness study was to compare arterial stiffness measured simultaneously with two different methods in different age groups of middle-aged and older adults with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS). The specific effects of the different MetS components on arterial stiffness were also studied.

Methods: This prospective, multicentre, international study included 2224 patients aged 40 years and older, 1664 with and 560 without MetS.

Aortic stiffness improves the prediction of both diagnosis and severity of coronary artery disease.

Elective coronography has low diagnostic yield for obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). We aim to determine whether non-invasive aortic stiffness assessment improves diagnostic accuracy of CAD screening by reducing the number of false-positive results from the cardiac stress test. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2013 to September 2014 in our medical center.

Hemodynamic parameters in hypertensive diabetic patients.

Objective: Despite adequate glycemic and blood pressure control, diabetic hypertensives remain at increased cardiovascular risk. Aortic stiffness and pulse pressure (PP) amplification may provide complementary information to correct cardiovascular risk. We aim to determine whether these hemodynamic parameters are interrelated or not and to explore the factors related to pressure pulsatility.

Pulse wave analysis with two tonometric devices: a comparison study.

Pulse wave analysis is a pivotal tool to estimate central haemodynamic parameters. Available commercial devices use applanation tonometry and have been validated against invasive catheterism. We previously observed differences on a radial second systolic peak (rSPB2) between two commonly used devices: SphygmoCor (AtCor, Australia) and PulsePen (DiaTecne, Italy).

Validation of four devices: Omron M6 Comfort, Omron HEM-7420, Withings BP-800, and Polygreen KP-7670 for home blood pressure measurement according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol.

Background: Four oscillometric devices, including the Omron M6 Comfort, Omron HEM-7420, Withings BP-800, and Polygreen KP-7670, designed for self-blood pressure measurement (SBPM) were evaluated according to the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) International Protocol Revision 2010 in four separate studies.

Methods: The four devices measure brachial blood pressure (BP) using the oscillometric method. The Withings BP-800 has to be connected to an Apple® iOS device such as an iPhone®, iPad®, or iPod®.

Comparison of central blood pressure devices on the basis of a modified protocol of the European Society of Hypertension: application to the Centron cBP301.

Objectives: Central blood pressure (cBP) and pulse pressure amplification (PPA) are receiving renewed interest with the increase in the availability of noninvasive techniques that enable its measurement. However, to date, there is no standardized protocol to validate their accuracy. Although invasive comparison seems intellectually ideal, it will soon raise technical and ethical issues with the growing number of devices to be validated.

Current and future initiatives for vascular health management in clinical practice.

Central arterial structure and function comprise a primary determinant of vascular health, and are integral to the important concept of ventriculo-vascular coupling or interaction. Central aortic stiffening is a major influence on central blood pressure, and directly relates to coronary perfusion. The joint session of the International Society of Vascular Health (Eastern Region) and the Ukrainian Congress of Cardiology was held in Kiev, Ukraine, on September 23, 2011; it provided an expert forum to discuss arterial evaluations, clinical applications, and progress toward translating arterial protection into cardiovascular benefits.