Electronic prescribing systems as tools to improve patient care: a learning health systems approach to increase guideline concordant prescribing for venous thromboembolism prevention.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) causes significant mortality and morbidity in hospitalised patients. Risk factors for VTE are well known and there are validated risk assessment tools to support the use of prophylactic therapies. In England, reporting the percentage of patients with a completed VTE risk assessment is mandated, but this does not include whether that risk assessment resulted in appropriate prescribing.

Paediatric ocular adnexal lymphoma: a population-based analysis.

Objective: To investigate the incidence, clinicopathological characteristics and survival of ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL) in the paediatric population.

Methods And Analysis: In this retrospective case series, the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database was accessed to identify individuals with OAL ≤18 years of age, diagnosed between 1973 and 2015. OAL located in the eyelid, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus and orbit were included.

Quantity of hemoperitoneum is associated with need for intervention in patients with stable blunt splenic injury.

Background: In patients with hemodynamically stable blunt splenic injury (BSI), there is no consensus on whether quantity of hemoperitoneum (HP) is a predictor for intervention with splenic artery embolization (SAE) or failing nonoperative management (fNOM). We sought to analyze whether the quantity of HP was associated with need for intervention.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adult trauma patients with hemodynamically stable BSI admitted to six trauma centers between 2014 and 2016.

Predictors of splenic artery embolization as an adjunct to non-operative management of stable blunt splenic injury: a multi-institutional study.

Background: We sought to identify predictors of splenic artery embolization (SAE) over observation for hemodynamically stable patients with blunt splenic injury (BSI), by Organ Injury Scale (OIS) grade.

Methods: This was a multi-institutional retrospective study of all adults (≥18) with BSI who were initially managed non-operatively between 2014 and 2016. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of SAE by OIS grade.

Risk of Ovarian Malignancy in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer.

Objective: To determine whether there is an increased risk of ovarian cancer in women undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer using a large population-based data source. Current American Urologic Association guidelines suggest removal of ovaries during RC in women with bladder cancer, presumably to mitigate the risk ovarian cancer. However, recent data have demonstrated an increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, cognitive impairment, and diminished sexual function in some populations of women after oophorectomy.

Scan, extract, wrap, compute-a 3D method to analyse morphological shape differences.

Quantitative analysis of shape and form is critical in many biological disciplines, as context-dependent morphotypes reflect changes in gene expression and physiology, e.g., in comparisons of environment-dependent phenotypes, forward/reverse genetic assays or shape development during ontogenesis.

Uveal Melanoma: 5-Year Update on Incidence, Treatment, and Survival (SEER 1973-2013).

Purpose: To analyze trends in incidence, treatment, and survival of uveal melanoma in the United States from 1973 to 2013 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Materials And Methods: Patients were identified using International Classification of Disease for Oncology codes: C69.3 (choroid), C69.

Genomic Assays in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: Implications for Management Decisions.

Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The management of breast cancer depends on clinical and pathologic prognostic factors that help guide patient treatment. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive form of breast cancer with an unpredictable risk of either progression to invasive disease or recurrence.

Clinical events and echocardiographic lesion progression rate in subjects with mild or moderate aortic regurgitation.

Background: The rate of progression of aortic regurgitation (AR) is not well described. Current guidelines state that asymptomatic patients with mild AR should be followed up every 3–5 years and 1–2 yearly for moderate AR. This study describes the lesion and clinical based progression of mild and moderate AR in a population of patients undergoing systematic follow-up.

Temperature variability is integrated by a spatially embedded decision-making center to break dormancy in seeds.

Plants perceive and integrate information from the environment to time critical transitions in their life cycle. Some mechanisms underlying this quantitative signal processing have been described, whereas others await discovery. Seeds have evolved a mechanism to integrate environmental information by regulating the abundance of the antagonistically acting hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA).

Quantitative analysis of the 3D cell shape changes driving soybean germination.

Seed germination is central to plant establishment and is the starting point for the majority of world agriculture. This transition from seed to seedling has been extensively studied at an organ level, while few studies have examined the cellular events which underlie it. Reports in the model species Arabidopsis have identified a radicle-derived wave of cell expansion underlying the germination process.

The Transcription Factor ATHB5 Affects GA-Mediated Plasticity in Hypocotyl Cell Growth during Seed Germination.

Gibberellic acid (GA)-mediated cell expansion initiates the seed-to-seedling transition in plants and is repressed by DELLA proteins. Using digital single-cell analysis, we identified a cellular subdomain within the midhypocotyl, whose expansion drives the final step of this developmental transition under optimal conditions. Using network inference, the transcription factor ATHB5 was identified as a genetic factor whose localized expression promotes GA-mediated expansion specifically within these cells.

Retinoblastoma: A SEER Dataset Evaluation for Treatment Patterns, Survival, and Second Malignant Neoplasms.

Purpose: To characterize treatment patterns, overall survival (OS), and risk of second malignant tumors in patients with retinoblastoma (RB) using the SEER (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results) dataset.

Design: Cohort study.

Methods: The SEER dataset was used to identify cases of RB using ICD-03 histology codes.

Digital Single-Cell Analysis of Plant Organ Development Using 3DCellAtlas.

Diverse molecular networks underlying plant growth and development are rapidly being uncovered. Integrating these data into the spatial and temporal context of dynamic organ growth remains a technical challenge. We developed 3DCellAtlas, an integrative computational pipeline that semiautomatically identifies cell types and quantifies both 3D cellular anisotropy and reporter abundance at single-cell resolution across whole plant organs.

The case for a specialist multidisciplinary valve clinic.

Valve disease is common and is increasing in prevalence as the population ages. The delivery of appropriate management is not always straightforward, and better ways of organizing care are required. Here, the argument is made for a specialist multidisciplinary valve clinic, while a description is provided of the authors' model clinic, which incorporates a specialist cardiologist in addition to sonographers and a nurse who carry out the surveillance services.

Uveal melanoma: trends in incidence, treatment, and survival.

Purpose: To determine trends in incidence, treatment, and survival with primary uveal melanoma in the United States over a 36-year period from 1973 to 2008.

Design: Systematic review of existing databases.

Participants: A total of 4070 patients with primary uveal melanoma (International Classification of Disease for Oncology [ICD-O-2] codes C69.

Survival with retinoblastoma in the USA: 1975-2004.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the survival of retinoblastoma in the USA over a 30-year period from 1975 to 2004 using a systematic review of existing databases.

Methods: Nine hundred and ninety-two cases of retinoblastoma (International Classification of Oncology (ICDO-3) codes C69.2 (retina) and C69.

Incidence of retinoblastoma in the USA: 1975-2004.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the age-adjusted incidence of retinoblastoma in the USA over a 30-year period from 1975 to 2004 using a review of existing databases.

Methods: Six hundred and fifty-eight patients with retinoblastoma (International Classification of Oncology (ICDO-3) codes C69.2 (retina) and C69.

A cardiac sonographer led follow up clinic for heart valve disease.

Introduction: This study describes the effect of introducing a cardiac sonographer led follow up clinic for patients with stable heart valve disease. The 2 years before and after the instigation of the valve clinic were audited.

Materials And Methods: The clinic was conducted in a single centre and undertaken in the cardiology department of a district general hospital.

Differences in breast carcinoma characteristics in newly diagnosed African-American and Caucasian patients: a single-institution compilation compared with the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Background: Breast carcinomas in African-American patients appear to be more aggressive than in Caucasian patients due to multifactorial differences.

Methods: The authors compiled pathology data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database regarding stage, histologic grade, and estrogen receptor (ER) expression in breast carcinomas diagnosed in 197,274 African-American and Caucasian patients between 1990 and 2000, and the same information, along with nuclear grade, Ki-67, c-erb-B2, and p53 expression, in 2230 African-American and Caucasian patients diagnosed at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital between 1995 and 2002. Immunohistochemical markers were assayed in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin using antibodies to these proteins, with differences in expression analyzed by the chisquare test.

Estimating the risk of malignant transformation of a choroidal nevus.

Purpose: To estimate the risk of malignant transformation of a choroidal nevus in the white population.

Design: Systematic literature review.

Methods: A literature review was performed to obtain data on the prevalence of choroidal nevi in the white population.

Positive microscopic margins alter outcome in lymph node-negative cholangiocarcinoma when resection is combined with adjuvant radiotherapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of positive microscopic margins in hilar cholangiocarcinoma in patients treated with resection and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Between January 1983 and December 1997, 65 patients were definitively diagnosed with hilar cholangiocarcinoma and treated at our institution. Twenty-eight patients underwent curative resection.

Cholangiocarcinoma: the impact of tumor location and treatment strategy on outcome.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate how the outcome of patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHBC) may have been influenced by tumor location and treatment selection. The primary endpoint of this study is overall survival (OS). Between January 1983 and December 1997, 221 patients with biliary tumors were evaluated at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital.

Survival rates with uveal melanoma in the United States: 1973-1997.

Purpose: To determine variations in 5-year relative survival rates with primary uveal melanoma in the United States over a 25-year period from 1973 to 1997.

Design: Systematic review of existing databases.

Participants: Two thousand four hundred ninety-three patients with primary uveal melanoma, International Classification of Oncology [ICDO-2] codes C69.

Incidence of uveal melanoma in the United States: 1973-1997.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of primary uveal melanoma in the United States over a 25-year period from 1973 to 1997.

Design: Systematic review of existing databases.

Participants: Two thousand four hundred ninety-three patients with primary uveal melanoma (International Classification of Oncology [ICDO-2] codes C69.