Laboratory Evolution of Metalloid Reductase Substrate Recognition and Nanoparticle Product Size.

Glutathione reductase-like metalloid reductase (GRLMR) is an enzyme that reduces selenodiglutathione (GS-Se-SG), forming zerovalent Se nanoparticles (SeNPs). Error-prone polymerase chain reaction was used to create a library of ∼10,000 GRLMR variants. The library was expressed in BL21 in liquid culture with 50 mM of SeO present, under the hypothesis that the enzyme variants with improved GS-Se-SG reduction kinetics would emerge.

The Use of Hospital Services by Patients With Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer in the Last Year of Life: Identifying the Areas to Improve Care.

Introduction: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is associated with significant morbidity. However, patients' specific health needs have not been well defined. This study analyses the utilisation of hospital resources by MIBC patients in the 12 months before death, informing healthcare modelling and enabling service redesign to improve their quality of life.

Cloneable inorganic nanoparticles.

When a defined protein/peptide (or combinations thereof) control and define the synthesis of an inorganic nanoparticle, the result is a cloneable NanoParticle (cNP). This is because the protein sequence/structure/function is encoded in DNA, and therefore the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticle are also encoded in DNA. Thus the cloneable nanoparticle paradigm can be considered as an extension of the central dogma of molecular biology ( DNA → mRNA → protein → cNP); modifications to the DNA encoding a cNP can modify the resulting properties of the cNP.

Sensors in a Flash! Oxygen Nanosensors for Microbial Metabolic Monitoring Synthesized by Flash Nanoprecipitation.

Flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) is an efficient and scalable nanoparticle synthesis method that has not previously been applied to nanosensor fabrication. Current nanosensor fabrication methods have traditionally exhibited poor replicability and consistency resulting in high batch-to-batch variability, highlighting the need for a more tunable and efficient method such as FNP. We used FNP to fabricate nanosensors to sense oxygen based on an oxygen-sensitive dye and a reference dye, as a tool for measuring microbial metabolism.

The Use of Healthcare Services by Prostate Cancer Patients in the Last 12 Months of Life: How Do We Improve the Quality of Care During This Period?

Introduction: Current research on prostate cancer is heavily focused on early detection and new treatments. There is a lack of research on the overall morbidity prostate cancer survivors face and the amount of healthcare treatment they receive toward the end of their lives. Identifying these care needs will allow appropriate healthcare modeling, resource allocation and service re-design to ensure higher quality care toward the end of life.

Ingestion of cylindrical batteries and its management.

In contrast to the ingestion of coin batteries, the ingestion of cylindrical batteries is an uncommon medical presentation. Owing to their larger size, cylindrical battery ingestion can lead to serious complications including intestinal haemorrhage, bowel obstruction, bowel perforation, peritonitis and even death. We discuss the case of a 17-year-old girl who presented after swallowing three cylindrical batteries.

Differences in gaze behaviour of expert and junior surgeons performing open inguinal hernia repair.

Introduction: Various fields have used gaze behaviour to evaluate task proficiency. This may also apply to surgery for the assessment of technical skill, but has not previously been explored in live surgery. The aim was to assess differences in gaze behaviour between expert and junior surgeons during open inguinal hernia repair.

Eye tracking for skills assessment and training: a systematic review.

Background: The development of quantitative objective tools is critical to the assessment of surgeon skill. Eye tracking is a novel tool, which has been proposed may provide suitable metrics for this task. The aim of this study was to review current evidence for the use of eye tracking in training and assessment.