Physical activity and sleep differences between osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and non-arthritic people in China: objective versus self report comparisons.

Background: Objectively measured differences in physical activity (PA) and sleep have been documented among people with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to non-arthritic controls. However, it is not clear whether OA and RA subgroups also differ on these indexes or the extent to which distinct arthritis subgroups versus controls can be accurately identified on the basis of objective PA and sleep indexes compared to self-report responses on questionnaires. This study addressed these gaps.

Pre-surgery beliefs about pain and surgery as predictors of acute and chronic post-surgical pain: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic pain post-surgical pain (CPSP) is common and has far-reaching negative consequences for patients, yet relatively few studies have evaluated the impact of both deficit- and resource-based beliefs about pain and surgery on subjective intensities of acute and chronic post-surgical pain. To address this issue a prospective cohort study was performed.

Method: 259 consecutive surgery patients from general surgery, gynecology, and thoracic departments completed a self-report battery of demographics, pain experiences, and psychological factors 24 h before surgery (T1) and provided follow-up pain intensity ratings 48 h-72 h after surgery (T2), and at a 4-month follow-up (T3).

Identifying At-Risk Subgroups for Acute Postsurgical Pain: A Classification Tree Analysis.

Objective: Acute postsurgical pain is common and has potentially negative long-term consequences for patients. In this study, we evaluated effects of presurgery sociodemographics, pain experiences, psychological influences, and surgery-related variables on acute postsurgical pain using logistic regression vs classification tree analysis (CTA).

Design: The study design was prospective.

Toward Identifying Moderators of Associations Between Presurgery Emotional Distress and Postoperative Pain Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies.

Unlabelled: Presurgery emotional distress has had variable associations with outcomes of surgery in past narrative reviews. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the overall strengths of relations between presurgical emotional distress and key postsurgical pain outcomes (ie, pain intensity, analgesic use, functional impairment) and to identify moderators that might explain effect size heterogeneity between studies. PubMed, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases were searched to identify studies subjected to meta-analysis.

MPI profile classifications and associated clinical findings among litigating motor vehicle collision patients.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in precollision, pericollision, and postcollision clinical variables across litigating motor vehicle collision (MVC) patients who were classified as Dysfunctional (DYS), Interpersonally Distressed (ID), or Adaptive Copers (ACs) based on Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI) profile classifications.

Materials And Methods: A sample of 240 MVC patients who sustained serious physical injuries and experienced MVC-related chronic pain completed the MPI and provided responses to a semistructured psycholegal interview designed to elicit injury-related and pain-related symptoms and treatments, determine the presence and impact of precollision experiences, and render psychiatric diagnoses and ratings of psychological disability.

Results: A significant multivariate effect of MPI profile group on postcollision variables was revealed, with the DYS and ID groups reporting more pain sites than the AC group and the DYS group receiving more recommendations for treatment than the AC group.

Prevalence and correlates of chronic pain in a random population study of adults in Chongqing, China.

Objective: Numerous studies have documented rates of chronic pain in developed western nations; however, little is known about its prevalence or correlates in rapidly developing countries, where much of the world's population lives. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of chronic pain among adults in Chongqing, China and the correlates of chronicity among respondents with pain and degree of impairment within the subgroup reporting chronic pain.

Design: A structured telephone interview was used within a cross-sectional design.

The impact of threatening information about pain on coping and pain tolerance.

This study examined the impact of threatening information on coping and pain tolerance in a healthy adult sample. Prior to engaging in a Cold Pressor Test (CPT), 121 college students were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a threat condition in which they read an orienting passage warning them about symptoms and consequences of frostbite (pain as a signal for nociception), a reassurance condition in which they read an orienting passage about the safety of the CPT (pain independent of nociception), or a control condition in which no orienting passage was read before the experimental task. Only 15.

Gender, interpersonal transactions, and the perception of pain: an experimental analysis.

Unlabelled: Two experiments assessed how interpersonal transactions influence responses to cold pressor pain in women versus men. In Experiment 1, 91 young adults (57 women, 34 men) were randomly assigned to either a no transaction (NT) condition in which they coped alone with the cold pressor test or a transaction opportunity (TO) condition in which they also had the option of interacting with an empathetic, reflecting experimenter. Compared to men, women had lower pain tolerance and reported more pain and catastrophizing, although there were no gender differences in support seeking or other ways of coping.

Chronic pain and posttraumatic stress symptoms in litigating motor vehicle accident victims.

Objective: There has been little research examining chronic pain and posttraumatic stress symptoms in persons injured in motor vehicle accidents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in physical injury and impairment, psychological distress, and pain coping strategies in litigating chronic pain patients low and high in motor vehicle accident-related posttraumatic stress symptoms.

Design: A total of 160 consecutive chronic pain patients referred for psychological-legal assessment underwent semistructured interview and testing.

Predictors of neurocognitive performance in chronic pain patients.

In a sample of 70 chronic pain patients, hierarchical multiple regression analyses were utilized to assess the additive and interactive contributions of pain severity and psychological distress variables to neurocognitive performance across attention and concentration, memory, and reasoning ability domains. Although the full model predicting attention and concentration was found to be significant, there was no significant contribution of pain severity, psychological distress, or the Pain Severity x Psychological Distress interaction to the prediction of attention and concentration scores after controlling for the effect of years of formal education. After controlling for the effect of years of formal education, pain severity and psychological distress did make separate and significant contributions to the prediction of memory scores; however, the Pain Severity x Psychological Distress interaction did not significantly affect memory scores.