Evaluating the quality of multiple-choice question pilot database: A global educator-created tool for concept-based pharmacology learning.

The Core Concepts of Pharmacology (CCP) initiative is developing educational resources to transform pharmacology education into a concept-based approach. This study evaluated the quality of global educator-created MCQs in generating items for the pharmacology concept inventory (PCI) instrument and developed as a resource for learning pharmacology fundamental concepts. A panel of 22 global pharmacology experts recruited from the CCP initiative research team participated in the MCQ pilot database design and evaluation.

Taming a tiger in the city: comparison of motorized backpack applications and source reduction against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus.

We evaluated 2 strategies to manage Aedes albopictus: 1) motorized backpack applications and 2) source reduction (coupled with hand-applied applications of larvicide). Backpack applications used a water-dispersible granular formulation (VectoBac WDG) of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti), whereas source reduction used granular formulations of the insect growth regulator methoprene (Altosid) combined with a monomolecular film surfactant (Agnique).

Suppression of Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) for short-term field operations utilizing cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin.

Tick-borne diseases pose significant risks to U.S. military personnel who conduct operations, both domestic and abroad.

Temporal and storage effects on ultra-low volume droplets of insecticides collected on Teflon-coated slides.

Use of microscope slides is the most commonly used method to field-assess the droplet spectrum of ultra-low volume (ULV) sprays. Due to absence of analysis facilities during military deployments, slides must be stored and shipped, and the impact of delays in processing and storage conditions on droplets is unknown. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of storage temperatures and duration on droplets on Teflon-coated slides.

Larval mosquito habitat utilization and community dynamics of Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae).

Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Ae. japonicus (Theobald) are important container-inhabiting mosquitoes that transmit disease agents, outcompete native species, and continue to expand their range in the United States. Both species deposit eggs in natural and artificial containers and thrive in peridomestic environments.

Efficacy of ovitrap colors and patterns for attracting Aedes albopictus at suburban field sites in north-central Florida.

We sought to visually enhance the attractiveness of a standard black ovitrap routinely used in surveillance of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, and now being used as lethal ovitraps in Ae. aegypti dengue control programs. Black plastic drinking cups (ovitraps) were visually altered to offer field populations of gravid female Ae.

Occurrence of avian Plasmodium and West Nile virus in Culex species in Wisconsin.

The occurrence of multiple pathogens in mosquitoes and birds could affect the dynamics of disease transmission. We collected adult Culex pipiens and Cx. restuans (Cx.

First records of Aedes japonicus japonicus in Wisconsin.

Aedes japonicus japonicus was collected via gravid trapping in Wisconsin in the summers of 2004 and 2005 at Fort McCoy, Monroe County. Subsequently, in the summer of 2007, Ae. japonicus was captured in a human landing catch in Dane County, Madison, WI.

A retrospective study of the association between megestrol acetate administration and mortality among nursing home residents with clinically significant weight loss.

Background: Megestrol acetate (MA) is a progestin widely used to treat weight loss and cachexia in patients suffering from AIDS or cancer. Although MA is also frequently prescribed for similarly malnourished elderly individuals, the efficacy and morbidity of MA treatment in this patient population remain unclear.

Objective: The goal of this study was to examine the effects of MA therapy on weight and overall mortality in elderly nursing home residents.