Outcomes of pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest in the emergency department of a tertiary referral hospital in Tanzania: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure performed to restore heart function to minimize anoxic injury to the brain following cardiac arrest. Despite the establishment of emergency department and training on Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) the outcomes of pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest have not been documented. We ought to determine the outcomes and factors associated with 24-h survival after pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrests at MNH in Tanzania.

Long-term outcomes and associated factors among intensive care unit survivors in a low-income country: a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Objective: Post-ICU survivors face higher mortality and often require costly rehabilitation or palliative care, such as occupational therapy, physiotherapy and hospice. However, there is a lack of data quantifying the demand for these services, particularly in developing countries like Uganda. Therefore, this prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the 90-day mortality rate, functional status, and mortality risk factors among 121 ICU patients discharged from three tertiary hospital ICUs in Uganda by tracking their vital and physical functional status for three months with follow-ups on days 30, 60, and 90, and identifying risk factors through Cox regression.

Distribution and antifungal susceptibility profile of oropharyngeal species isolated from people living with HIV in the era of universal test and treat policy in Uganda.

Background: Despite the increased frequency of oropharyngeal candidiasis among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), its management is no longer effective due to empirical treatment and emergence of antifungal resistance (AFR). This study sought to investigate the prevalence of oropharyngeal candidiasis and assess the antifungal susceptibility profile of oropharyngeal species isolated from people living with human immunodeficiency virus. Additionally, we evaluated the correlation between oropharyngeal candidiasis and CD4 T cell as well as viral load counts.

Trauma unit admissions at the Ugandan National Referral Hospital: a descriptive study.

Background: Injuries are a neglected epidemic globally accounting for 9% global deaths; 1.7 times that of HIV, TB and malaria combined. Trauma remains overlooked with key research and data focusing on infectious diseases yet Uganda has one of the highest rates of traumatic injury.

Trauma unit management and outcomes at an urban tertiary hospital in sub-Saharan Africa: a descriptive study.

Background: Injuries are a neglected burden despite accounting for 9% of deaths worldwide which is 1.7 times that of hiv, tb and malaria combined. Trauma remains overlooked as research and resources are focused on infectious diseases.

Basic life support, a necessary inclusion in the medical curriculum: a cross-sectional survey of knowledge and attitude in Uganda.

Background: Uganda continues to depend on a health system without a well-defined emergency response system. This is in the face of the rising cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest contributed largely to the high incidence of road traffic accidents. Non-communicable diseases are also on the rise further increasing the incidence of cardiac arrest.

Outcomes of management of intestinal obstruction at an urban tertiary hospital in sub Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Intestinal obstruction (IO) is a common cause of acute abdomen globally, it remains challenging as it increases surgical financial expenditure while also causing major morbidity. Clinically it presents with nausea, vomiting, colicky abdominal pain and cessation of bowel movements or passage flatus and stool. Diagnosis, especially in resource limited settings, can be clinical but is usually confirmed radiologically.

Impact of nursing education and a monitoring tool on outcomes in traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: Throughout the world, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Low-and middle-income countries experience an especially high burden of TBI. While guidelines for TBI management exist in high income countries, little is known about the optimal management of TBI in low resource settings.

A qualitative study exploring nurses' attitudes, confidence, and perceived barriers to implementing a traumatic brain injury nursing chart in Uganda.

Introduction: In Africa, traumatic brain injuries frequently result from road traffic injuries and assaults. Despite limited resources and the high costs of life-saving neurosurgical interventions, secondary brain injury prevention has the potential for improving outcomes. However, nurses and other medical personnel infrequently monitor vital signs, blood sugar, and pulse oximetry and only sporadically re-assess neurological status.

Low dose ketamine versus morphine for acute severe vaso occlusive pain in children: a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Acute pain episodes associated with sickle cell disease (SCD) are very difficult to manage effectively. Opioid tolerance and side effects have been major roadblocks in our ability to provide these patients with adequate pain relief. Ketamine is cheap, widely safe, readily available drug, with analgesic effects at sub-anesthetic doses and has been used in wide range of surgeries, pediatric burns dressing change and cancer related pain however, literature concerning its use in sickle cell crises is still limited in our setting.

Effect of low-dose ketamine on post-operative serum IL-6 production among elective surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Surgery and Anesthesia cause an excessive pro-inflammatory response. Mulago Hospital is faced with staff shortage making post-operative pain management difficult.Interleukin-6 (IL-6) drives inflammatory pain, endothelial cell dysfunction and fibrogenesis.

Analgesic Effects of Preincision Ketamine on Postspinal Caesarean Delivery in Uganda's Tertiary Hospital: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

. Good postoperative analgesic management improves maternal satisfaction and care of the neonate. Postoperative pain management is a challenge in Mulago Hospital, yet ketamine is accessible and has proven benefit.

Prevalence, associated factors and treatment of post spinal shivering in a Sub-Saharan tertiary hospital: a prospective observational study.

Background: Surgery and anaesthesia cause shivering due to thermal dysregulation as a compensatory mechanism and is worsened by vasodilatation from spinal anaesthesia that redistributes core body heat. Due to paucity of data Mulago Hospital's post spinal shivering burden is unknown yet it causes discomfort and morbidity.

Methods: Ethical approval was obtained to perform the study among consenting mothers due for elective caesarean section from March to May 2011.

Abnormal Admission Chest X-Ray and MEWS as ICU Outcome Predictors in a Sub-Saharan Tertiary Hospital: A Prospective Observational Study.

. Critical care in Uganda is a neglected speciality and deemed costly with limited funding/prioritization. We studied admission X-ray and MEWS as mortality predictors of ICU patients requiring mechanical ventilation.

Prevalence, outcomes and factors associated with adult in hospital cardiac arrests in a low-income country tertiary hospital: a prospective observational study.

Background: Research on cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has considerably increased in recent decades, and international guidelines for resuscitation have been implemented and have undergone several changes. Very little is known about the prevalence and management of in-hospital cardiac arrest in low-resource settings. We therefore sought to determine the prevalence, outcomes and associated factors of adult inpatients with cardiac arrest at a tertiary referral hospital in a low-income country.