Alternative Therapy in the Prevention of Experimental and Clinical Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Impact of Regular Physical Activity, Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase and Herbal Products.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are multifactorial, chronic, disabling, and progressive diseases characterised by cyclical nature, alternating between active and quiescent states. While the aetiology of IBD is not fully understood, this complex of diseases involve a combination of factors including the genetic predisposition and changes in microbiome as well as environmental risk factors such as high-fat and low-fibre diets, reduced physical activity, air pollution and exposure to various toxins and drugs such as antibiotics. The prevalence of both IBD and obesity is increasing in parallel, undoubtedly proving the existing interactions between these risk factors common to both disorders to unravel poorly recognized cell signaling and molecular alterations leading to human IBD.

Splanchnic extraction and clearance of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) after injection of recombinant t-PA (Actilyse) in resting healthy subjects is proportional to the arterial concentration.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the splanchnic extraction of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in normal healthy fasting subjects after the injection of recombinant t-PA (rt-PA; Actilyse). In nine healthy volunteers (five male, four female), 21-29 years of age, the concentration of t-PA was determined in plasma samples taken simultaneously from a femoral artery and a large liver vein after a bolus injection (5, 10 or 20 mg) of rt-PA. The splanchnic plasma flow rate, the plasma volume, and the splanchnic extraction fraction of t-PA were determined.

Mean transit times and the sites of synthesis and catabolism of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 in young subjects.

Using an invasive technique, we studied the mean transit time, the net quantitative turnover rate, and the sites of synthesis and catabolism of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in healthy young volunteers in the fasting, steady state. Blood was sampled simultaneously from a large hepatic vein, an artery and the inferior caval vein, while measuring the splanchnic plasma flow rate and the plasma volume. We found that the catabolism of active t-PA and t-PA antigen took place in the splanchnic circulation with net rates of 7.

Early results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of failing below-knee bypass grafts.

Objectives: An audit of treating femoro-crural bypass stenosis in the first instance by PTA.

Design: Prospective clinical pilot study in consecutive patients.

Materials: Prior to vascular bypass grafting all patients had critical ischaemia.

Comparison of efficacy in crossing femoropopliteal artery occlusions with movable core and hydrophilic guidewires.

Purpose: Compare the recanalization rate of femoropopliteal occlusions between movable core wire guide (MG) and hydrophilic guidewire (HG).

Methods: Conventional PTA technique was used, followed by enclosed thrombolysis. The MG was used for all patients in the first 2 years, the HG in the following 2 years.

Double-blind, controlled, multicenter study of indobufen versus placebo in patients with intermittent claudication.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of indobufen compared with placebo in the treatment of moderately severe intermittent claudication. The study consisted of a four-week single-blind, placebo-controlled run-in phase, followed by a six-month double-blind randomized treatment period. A total of 302 patients were allocated to treatment with either placebo (154 patients) or indobufen (148) 200 mg twice daily.

Segmentally enclosed thrombolysis in percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for femoropopliteal occlusions: a report from a pilot study.

Segmentally enclosed thrombolysis (SET) was performed immediately following 34 percutaneous transluminal angioplasties (PTAs) for femoropopliteal occlusions. The dilated segment was sealed off with a double balloon catheter, and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) 1 mg/ml and heparin 200 IU/ml were injected between the balloons. The catheter was removed after 30 min and heparin treatment was continued for 24 h.

Late hemodynamic failure following percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for long and multifocal femoropopliteal stenoses.

The outcome of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was evaluated for treatment of 87 limbs with femoropopliteal stenoses, including 55 short stenoses (2.4 +/- 1.6 cm, mean +/- SD), seven single long stenoses (10.

Femoro-popliteal artery occlusions treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and enclosed thrombolysis: results in 55 patients.

Removal of fibrin from the site of a newly dilated femoro-popliteal occlusion may be an attractive way of preventing rethrombosis. A double balloon catheter with a dilating tip balloon and an occlusive balloon 10, 15 or 20 cm approximately were introduced percutaneously. Following successful dilatation of femoro-popliteal occlusions, the balloons were inflated on both sides of the lesion.

Ambulatory measurement of nocturnal fluctuations in subcutaneous blood flow rate in the lower leg of man during 12-h periods with the portable CdTe(Cl) detector. Methodological considerations.

Possible sources of error during long-term measurements of subcutaneous blood flow rate with the portable CdTe(Cl) detector system were ruled out in the present study. Local blood flow rates were recorded in the lower legs of normal human subjects by means of the 133Xe wash-out technique. A good correlation was found between the portable CdTe(Cl) and stationary NaI(Tl) detector systems both prior to (r = 0.

Early rethrombosis in femoropopliteal occlusions treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

One hundred and thirty-seven consecutive percutaneous transluminal angioplasties (PTA) were performed for femoropopliteal vascular disease including 58 stenoses and 79 total occlusions. Nine occlusions could not be crossed with the guidewire, but in the remaining 128 the haemodynamic and clinical success as well as vascular patency were evaluated. The results were grouped into the following subsets: the indication for PTA, the severity of the vascular lesion, the crural run-off and the length of lesion.

[Intermittent claudication--social aspects in young patients not undergoing surgical treatment].

A total of 107 patients suffering from intermittent claudication (CI) was studied after a mean observation time of 5.9 years. Thirty-one (29%) had died during the observation period.

Femoral artery recanalisation with percutaneous angioplasty and segmentally enclosed plasminogen activator.

To establish whether re-occlusion of the femoral artery could be prevented, in 6 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for superficial femoral artery occlusion the recanalised segment was isolated, with a 7-French double-balloon catheter. 5 mg recombined human tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and 1000 IU heparin were then infused into the enclosed space for 30 minutes, followed by intravenous heparin for 24 hours. At 10 and 30 days all 6 patients had evidence of recanalisation and remission of symptoms.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of iliac and femoral arteries in severe lower-limb ischaemia.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed 92 times in 86 patients with severe lower-limb ischaemia (40% occlusion), giving rise to rest pain and/or gangrene. The patients were thereafter observed for periods up to 5 years. Criteria for success were appearance of normal groin pulse (iliac angioplasty) or persistent greater than or equal to 0.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of infrarenal arteries in intermittent claudication.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed on 55 iliac and 31 femoropopliteal arteries in 71 patients with intermittent claudication (23 women, 48 men). The two-year patency rate was 80% after iliac and 41% after femoropopliteal angioplasty. In 17 femoropopliteal cases with lesions greater than or equal to 5 cm the 2-year patency rate was only 32%, but the corresponding figure for shorter lesions was 53%.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery by retrograde catheterization via the popliteal artery.

We report the results of 50 angioplasty procedures via the popliteal artery. A 3-year follow-up including control of blood pressures at ankle and toe levels show results comparable to reports in the literature. This new approach for angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery and eventually of coexisting iliac lesions enables treatment of previously inaccessible lesions.

The cause of ischaemic nocturnal rest pain.

Adipose tissue blood flow in the forefoot was measured simultaneously with mean systemic arterial blood pressure over 24 hours in 8 patients (15 feet) with different degrees of arterial insufficiency. Mean systemic arterial pressure decreased by 19 +/- 9% during sleep, irrespective of symptomatology. In two limbs, with a normal peripheral circulation, blood flow decreased by 8 +/- 7%.

Influence of renal function on the elimination of morphine and morphine glucuronides.

The influence of renal function, measured by 51Cr-EDTA clearance, on morphine and morphine glucuronide kinetics has been studied in 13 patients after a single i.v. injection of morphine.

Why do patients with severe arterial insufficiency get pain during sleep?

Simultaneous measurement during 24 h of mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and forefoot subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow (SBF) was undertaken in eight patients (15 feet) with different degrees of arterial insufficiency. The recordings were undertaken with the patients in the supine position only. The MABP decreased by 19 +/- 9% from awake to asleep independently of symptomatology.