Production of Pectic Oligosaccharides from Citrus Peel via Steam Explosion.

Steam explosion (STEX) of peel from commercially juice-extracted oranges was used to convert peel pectin into pectic oligosaccharides (POSs). Surprisingly uniform populations, based on the polydispersity index (PDI; weight-average molecular weight (M)/number-average molecular weight (M)) of POSs, were obtained from the Hamlin and Valencia varieties of . The POSs from Hamlin and Valencia peel had PDI values of (1.

Nutritional Value of the Larvae of the Black Soldier Fly () and the House Fly () as a Food Alternative for Farm Animals-A Systematic Review.

Dietary alternatives using insect-based products as an alternative for farm animal nutrition have been the object of study due to the high nutritional value of these feeds and the costs related to both their production and consequently their commercialization. Thus, the use of flies, especially larvae, has a high content of proteins and lipids (fat), as well as minerals and essential nutrients for development and growth, directly impacting the production of these animals, whether meat or milk. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compile data from the literature on the nutritional value of adults and larvae of Black soldier () and housefly () as a dietary alternative for animal feed.

Abietane Diterpenes from and Their Anti-Neuroinflammatory Activity.

Seven new abietane diterpenoids, comprising medusanthol A-G (-, , -) and two previously identified analogs ( and ), were isolated from the hexane extract of the aerial parts of The structures of the compounds were elucidated by HRESIMS, 1D/2D NMR spectroscopic data, IR spectroscopy, NMR calculations with DP4+ probability analysis, and ECD calculations. The anti-neuroinflammatory potential of compounds - was evaluated by determining their ability to inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in BV2 microglia stimulated with LPS and IFN-γ. Compounds - and exhibited decreased NO levels at a concentration of 12.

Thermal Comfort of Nelore Cattle () Managed in Silvopastoral and Traditional Systems Associated with Rumination in a Humid Tropical Environment in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the thermal comfort of Nelore cattle () managed in silvopastoral and traditional systems associated with rumination behavior in a humid tropical environment in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil. The study was carried out on a rural property in Mojuí dos Campos, Pará, Brazil, during the transition period of the year, from June to July 2023. Over these two months, six consecutive data collection days were held.

An Integrated ANN-PRA/DP4+ Tandem Computational Approach Contributing to the Ordering of the Heliannuol Family.

Heliannuols are a unique class of sesquiterpenes isolated mostly from , commonly known as sunflower. The interesting allelopathic properties, combined with their unprecedented carbon skeletons, have drawn wide attention to phytochemistry and synthetic groups. So far, 14 heliannuols (heliannuols A-N) have been described in the literature, although some of them have not yet been validated by total synthesis.

Local trade, spatial occurrence and conservation of hypostomus soniae (siluriformes, loricariidae), an ornamental fish endemic to the tapajos river, Brazil.

Hypostomus soniae is a small sized armored catfish endemic to the Tapajos River basin and ranked as one of the most exploited ornamental fish in the Santarem export marketplace. This study aims to evaluate distributional patterns of Hypostomus soniae and contribute to the species conservation in the face of development of the ornamental fish trade in the Amazon region. We compiled data associated with geographic coordinates in public repositories, supplemented with original field records.

Antibacterial, cytotoxic and mechanical properties of a orthodontic cement with phosphate nano-sized and phosphorylated chitosan: An in vitro study.

Objectives: Evaluate, in vitro, the effect of incorporating nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMPnano) and phosphorylated chitosan (Chi-Ph) into resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) used for orthodontic bracket cementation, on mechanical, fluoride release, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties.

Methods: RMGIC was combined with Chi-Ph (0.25%/0.

characterization of [I]HY-3-24, a selective ligand for the dopamine D3 receptor.

Introduction: Dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) ligands have been studied for the possible treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, selective D3R radioligands for binding studies have been challenging to identify due to the high structural similarity between the D2R and D3R. In a prior study, we reported a new conformationally-flexible benzamide scaffold having a high affinity for D3R and excellent selectivity vs.

Thermographic Profiles in Livestock Systems under Full Sun and Shaded Pastures during an Extreme Climate Event in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil: of 2023.

The represents a substantial threat to pastures, affecting the availability of water, forage and compromising the sustainability of grazing areas, especially in the northern region of Brazil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the thermographic profile of three production systems in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil. The study was conducted on a rural cattle farm in Mojuí dos Campos, Pará, Brazil, between August and November 2023.

Effects of Climatic Conditions and Supplementation with Palm Cake on the Thermoregulation of Crossbred Buffaloes Raised in a Rotational Grazing System and with Natural Shade in Humid Tropical Regions.

In ruminants, diet composition has a positive correlation with heat production, which can influence thermoregulation, energy expenditure and, consequently, animal performance. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of climatic conditions and supplementation based on palm kernel cake, on the thermoregulation of crossbred buffaloes in the eastern Amazon. The research was carried out at Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (01°26' S and 48°24' W), Belém, Pará, and lasted 12 months (representing the entire year).

Feed intake, emission of enteric methane and estimates, feed efficiency, and ingestive behavior in buffaloes supplemented with palm kernel cake in the Amazon biome.

The use of palm kernel cake as an alternative to conventional ingredients, due to the presence of residual fat, can also reduce methane emissions. The objective of the study was to evaluate, in two different experiments, the effects of palm kernel cake supplementation on feed intake, enteric methane production and estimates, and the ingestive behavior of buffaloes in the Amazon biome. In experiment 1, to evaluate feed intake, methane production, and feed efficiency, 20 crossbred females, dry and empty, with a mean age of 34 months and an initial body weight of 514 ± 69 kg, were supplemented with palm kernel cake for 60 days.

Pre-clinical investigation of astatine-211-parthanatine for high-risk neuroblastoma.

Astatine-211-parthanatine ([At]PTT) is an alpha-emitting radiopharmaceutical therapeutic that targets poly(adenosine-diphosphate-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in cancer cells. High-risk neuroblastomas exhibit among the highest PARP1 expression across solid tumors. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of [At]PTT using 11 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models of high-risk neuroblastoma, and assessed hematological and marrow toxicity in a CB57/BL6 healthy mouse model.

In vitro inflammatory modulation of bioceramic endodontic sealer in macrophages stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of AH Plus (Dentsply), Sealer 26 (Dentsply), and Sealer Plus BC (Produtos Médicos e Odontológicos) on cytotoxicity and inflammation in macrophage cultures exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Methodology: After initial setting, the sealers were conditioned with serum-free culture medium for 24 h (1 ml/cm ). Macrophages from the RAW 264.

Targeted Isolation of Anti-inflammatory Lignans from by Molecular Networking Approach.

Herein, the isolation of secondary metabolites from the aerial parts of guided by HPLC-MS and molecular networking analyses is reported. Twenty-two known compounds were dereplicated. Three new lignans (aequilabrines A-C (-)) and three known compounds (lariciresinol-4'-β-glucose (), roseoside (), and allantoin ()) were obtained.

Preclinical Development of [211At]meta- astatobenzylguanidine ([211At]MABG) as an Alpha Particle Radiopharmaceutical Therapy for Neuroblastoma.

Purpose: [131I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine ([131I]MIBG) is a targeted radiotherapeutic administered systemically to deliver beta particle radiation in neuroblastoma. However, relapses in the bone marrow are common. [211At]meta-astatobenzylguanidine ([211At] MABG) is an alpha particle emitter with higher biological effectiveness and short path length which effectively sterilizes microscopic residual disease.

Imatinib alleviates lung injury and prolongs survival in ventilated rats.

Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuates pulmonary edema and inflammation in lung injury. However, the physiological effects of this drug and their impact on outcomes are poorly characterized. Using serial computed tomography (CT), we tested the hypothesis that imatinib reduces injury severity and improves survival in ventilated rats.

Combined application of DP4+ and ANN-PRA to determine the relative configuration of natural products: The alpha-bisabol case study.

The combination of computational methods and experimental data from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is a considerably valuable tool in the elucidation of new natural product structures and, also, in the structural revision of previously reported compounds. Until recently, only classical statistical parameters were used, for example, linear correlation coefficient (R ), mean absolute error (MAE), or root mean square deviation (RMSD), as a way to statistically "validate" the structure pointed out by experimental NMR spectra. Regarding the resolution of the relative configuration of organic molecules, novel tools were available in the last few years to assist in the NMR elucidation process.

Revisiting the structure of Heliannuol L: A computational approach.

Recently, structural elucidation of natural products has undergone a revolution. The combined use of different modern spectroscopic methods has allowed obtaining a complete structural assignment of natural products using small amounts of sample. However, despite the extraordinary ongoing advances in spectroscopy, the mischaracterization of natural products has been and remains a recurrent problem, especially when the substance presents several stereogenic centers.

Y705 and S727 are required for the mitochondrial import and transcriptional activities of STAT3, and for regulation of stem cell proliferation.

The STAT3 transcription factor, acting both in the nucleus and mitochondria, maintains embryonic stem cell pluripotency and promotes their proliferation. In this work, using zebrafish, we determined in vivo that mitochondrial STAT3 regulates mtDNA transcription in embryonic and larval stem cell niches and that this activity affects their proliferation rates. As a result, we demonstrated that import of STAT3 inside mitochondria requires Y705 phosphorylation by Jak, whereas its mitochondrial transcriptional activity, as well as its effect on proliferation, depends on the MAPK target S727.

Increased quality of and cryopreserved semen of water buffaloes supplemented with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the palm oil industry.

Ruminant energy supplementation with vegetable oils or fats has been standing out worldwide and oil palm processing has been receiving growing interest. This study assessed the effect of supplementation with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the palm oil industry on the lipid profile of seminal plasma and of the sperm membrane, as well as on the morphological and functional characteristics of raw and cryopreserved buffalo semen. Twelve purebred Murrah bulls () were assigned to the experimental groups and fed diets for 120 days with no added lipids (CONT, four bulls), or with an extra amount of 3% lipids from crude palm oil (PALM, four bulls), or from palm oil deodorizer distillate (PODD, four bulls).

PARP Targeted Alpha-Particle Therapy Enhances Response to PD-1 Immune-Checkpoint Blockade in a Syngeneic Mouse Model of Glioblastoma.

We have previously demonstrated potent antitumor effects of PARP targeted alpha-therapy with astatine-211-MM4 ([At]MM4) in neuroblastoma preclinical models, although differential sensitivity suggests it is unlikely to be curative as a single-agent in all tumor types. Alpha-particle induced DNA damage can elicit an immune response that results in T-cell activation against tumor cells; however, tumor cells can evade immune surveillance through expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Therefore, we investigated the effects of α particle therapy in combination with immune-checkpoint blockade using astatine-211-MM4 and anti-programmed death receptor 1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy in a syngeneic mouse model of glioblastoma.