Purpose Of Review: This paper reviews the epidemiology and natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in young women, the development of new technologies for cervical cytology screening, proper cervical cytology sampling technique, the new Bethesda system for reporting cervical cytology findings, and several recent professional society guidelines for cervical cytology screening and management of cytologic abnormalities in adolescents.
Recent Findings: Natural history studies of HPV infection in healthy young women show that infection is quite prevalent, but is generally transient. New and sensitive technologies such as HPV DNA testing and liquid-based cytology are more likely to detect cytologic abnormalities in young women who are at low risk for actual invasive cervical disease.