High-Performance Solar-Blind Ultraviolet Photodetectors Based on a Ni/β-GaO Vertical Schottky Barrier Diode.

GaO Schottky photodiodes are being actively explored for solar-blind ultraviolet (SBUV) detection, owing to the fast photoresponse and easy fabrication. However, their performance, limited by the Schottky contact, mostly underperforms the expectations. Herein, a Ni/β-GaO vertical Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with an ultrathin anode electrode is demonstrated.

In Situ Fabrication of Highly Efficient and Stable CsNaInCl: Sb@PVDF Composite Films for Optoelectronic Devices.

Lead-free double perovskites (DPs) have superior phase stability and optical properties, which make them competitive for future applications in illumination and displays. However, the preparation of DPs was mainly based on high-temperature heating and hydrochloric acid as a solvent to form powders, which increased the risk and cost of the preparation process and limited its further application. In this study, the growth of CsNaInCl: Sb DPs in polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) films was achieved using an in situ fabrication strategy with DMSO as the solvent.

Effectiveness of seven oral traditional Chinese medicines against mild or moderate COVID-19: An updated systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. As a highly infectious epidemic, SARS-CoV-2 rapidly evolves. Presently, COVID-19 coexists with humans, mainly with mild or moderate disease.

Multifunctional Phosphor with High-Efficient Near-Infrared Emission Based on Antimony-Zinc Halides.

Metal halide-based broadband near-infrared (NIR) luminescent materials face problems such as complicated preparation, high cost, low photoluminescence quantum yield, and high excitation energy. Here, incorporating Sb and Br into (CHP)ZnCl crystals allowed for the achievement of efficient broadband near-infrared emission under 400 nm excitation while maintaining satisfactory environmental and thermal stability. The compounds exhibit a broad range of emission bands from 550 to 1050 nm, with a photoluminescence quantum yield of 93.

Hybrid mode for absorption enhancement in the GaO nanocavity photodetector with grating electrodes.

Gallium oxide ( ) photodetectors have drawn increased interest for their widespread applications ranging from military to civil. Due to the inherent oxygen vacancy defects, they seriously suffer from trade-offs that make them incompetent for high-responsivity, quick-response detection. Herein, a nanocavity photodetector assisted with grating electrodes is designed to break the constraint.

Realizing efficient broadband near-infrared emission and multimode photoluminescence switching coordination structure modulation in Sb-doped 0D organic metal chlorides.

Recently, organic Sb(III)-based metal halides have achieved significant results in the visible light region due to their efficient emission. However, realizing efficient broadband near-infrared (NIR) emission in such materials is a great challenge. Herein, we developed three different NIR emitters a coordination structure modulation strategy in Sb-doped zero-dimensional organic metal chlorides of (CHP)MnCl, (CHP)ZnCl, and (CHP)CdCl with tetrahedral structure.

Shaping immune landscape of colorectal cancer by cholesterol metabolites.

Cancer immunotherapies have achieved unprecedented success in clinic, but they remain largely ineffective in some major types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer with microsatellite stability (MSS CRC). It is therefore important to study tumor microenvironment of resistant cancers for developing new intervention strategies. In this study, we identify a metabolic cue that determines the unique immune landscape of MSS CRC.

Exhaustion-associated cholesterol deficiency dampens the cytotoxic arm of antitumor immunity.

The concept of targeting cholesterol metabolism to treat cancer has been widely tested in clinics, but the benefits are modest, calling for a complete understanding of cholesterol metabolism in intratumoral cells. We analyze the cholesterol atlas in the tumor microenvironment and find that intratumoral T cells have cholesterol deficiency, while immunosuppressive myeloid cells and tumor cells display cholesterol abundance. Low cholesterol levels inhibit T cell proliferation and cause autophagy-mediated apoptosis, particularly for cytotoxic T cells.

Biogeographic Patterns and Community Assembly Processes of Bacterioplankton and Potential Pathogens in Subtropical Estuaries in China.

Microbial communities in coastal waters are diverse and dynamic and play important roles in ecosystem functions and services. Despite the ecological impact of bacterioplankton or pathogens, little is known about whether bacterioplankton and pathogen communities exhibit similar patterns. Here, using 16S RNA gene amplicon sequencing, the geographic patterns and assembly processes of bacterioplankton and pathogen communities in 30 subtropical estuaries were studied.

Spectromicroscopy of Nanoscale Materials in the Tender X-Ray Regime Enabled by a High Efficient Multilayer-Based Grating Monochromator.

The combination of near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy with nanoscale X-ray imaging is a powerful analytical tool for many applications in energy technologies, catalysis, which are critical to combat climate change, as well as microelectronics and life science. Materials from these scientific areas often contain key elements, such as Si, P, S, Y, Zr, Nb, and Mo as well as lanthanides, whose X-ray absorption edges lie in the so-called tender photon energy range 1.5-5.

Predicting the abundance of metal resistance genes in subtropical estuaries using amplicon sequencing and machine learning.

Heavy metals are a group of anthropogenic contaminants in estuary ecosystems. Bacteria in estuaries counteract the highly concentrated metal toxicity through metal resistance genes (MRGs). Presently, metagenomic technology is popularly used to study MRGs.

Four-Dimensional Untargeted Profiling of -Acylethanolamine Lipids in the Mouse Brain Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry.

-Acylethanolamines (NAE) are a class of essential signaling lipids that are involved in a variety of physiological processes, such as energy homeostasis, anti-inflammatory responses, and neurological functions. NAE lipids are functionally different yet structurally similar and often have low concentrations in biological systems. Therefore, the comprehensive analysis of NAE lipids in complex biological matrices is very challenging.

Ion mobility-based sterolomics reveals spatially and temporally distinctive sterol lipids in the mouse brain.

Aberrant sterol lipid metabolism is associated with physiological dysfunctions in the aging brain and aging-dependent disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases. There is an unmet demand to comprehensively profile sterol lipids spatially and temporally in different brain regions during aging. Here, we develop an ion mobility-mass spectrometry based four-dimensional sterolomics technology leveraged by a machine learning-empowered high-coverage library (>2000 sterol lipids) for accurate identification.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the YABBY Transcription Factor Family in Rapeseed ( L.).

The YABBY family of plant-specific transcription factors play important regulatory roles during the development of leaves and floral organs, but their functions in species are incompletely understood. Here, we identified 79 genes from and five species (, , , , and ). A phylogenetic analysis of YABBY proteins separated them into five clusters (YAB1-YAB5) with representatives from all five species, suggesting a high degree of conservation and similar functions within each subfamily.

Chemical Modification of BC Films and BC/Pd Layers Stored in Different Environments.

BC/Pd multilayers with small d-spacing can easily degrade in the air, and the exact degradation process is not clear. In this work, we studied the chemical modification of BC films and BC/Pd double layers stored in four different environments: a dry nitrogen environment, the atmosphere, a dry oxygen-rich environment, and a wet nitrogen environment. The XANES spectra of the BC/Pd layers placed in a dry oxygen-rich environment showed the most significant decrease in the σ* states of the B-C bonds and an increase in the π* states of the B-O bonds compared with the other samples.

Multi-dimensional characterization and identification of sterols in untargeted LC-MS analysis using all ion fragmentation technology.

Sterols are an important type of lipids, and play many important roles in physiological and pathological processes. However, comprehensive analysis of sterols especially identification of unknown sterols is challenging. In this work, LC-MS with all ion fragmentation (AIF) technology was developed for untargeted analysis of sterols in biological samples.

Development of a combined strategy for accurate lipid structural identification and quantification in ion-mobility mass spectrometry based untargeted lipidomics.

Lipids are an important class of biomolecules, and play many essential functions in biology. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) has emerged as a promising technology for lipidomics by providing a holistic and multi-dimensional characterization of lipid structures. However, the lipid identification using the multi-dimensional match (i.

Theoretical analysis and optimization of highly efficient multilayer-coated blazed gratings with high fix-focus constant for the tender X-ray region.

The problem of X-ray diffraction from multilayer-coated blazed diffraction gratings is analyzed. Invalidity of the conventional condition of maximal diffraction efficiency observed in previous experiments is explained theoretically. This is attributed to two factors: contribution of anti-blaze facets to diffraction efficiency and effect of strongly asymmetric diffraction.

Alpha-synuclein overexpression in the olfactory bulb initiates prodromal symptoms and pathology of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by intraneuronal Lewy Body (LB) aggregates composed of misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-syn). The spread of misfolded α-syn follows a typical pattern: starting in the olfactory bulb (OB) and the gut, this pathology is followed by the progressive invasion of misfolded α-syn to the posterior part of the brain. It is unknown whether the administration of human mutant alpha-synuclein (hm-α-syn, a human mutation which occurs in familial PD) into the OB of rats would trigger similar α-syn propagation and subsequently cause pathological changes in broader brain fields associated to PD and establish an animal model of prodromal PD.

Mechanistic insights into the switch of αB-crystallin chaperone activity and self-multimerization.

αB-Crystallin (αBc) is a small heat shock protein that protects cells against abnormal protein aggregation and disease-related degeneration. αBc is also a major structural protein that forms polydisperse multimers that maintain the liquid-like property of the eye lens. However, the relationship and regulation of the two functions have yet to be explored.

Multi-system state shifts and cognitive deficits induced by chronic morphine during abstinence.

Chronic morphine administration induces neural plasticity followed by withdraw. And clinic observation indicates that obvious cognitive deficits are found during withdrawal. However, current neural substrates that regulate dysfunction in withdrawal are unknown.

Organic Cation Transporter 2 Overexpression May Confer an Increased Risk of Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity.

Nephrotoxicity is a relevant limitation of gentamicin, and obese patients have an increased risk for gentamicin-induced kidney injury. This damage is thought to depend on the accumulation of the drug in the renal cortex. Obese rats showed substantially higher levels of gentamicin in the kidney than did lean animals.

Sleep-wake disorders persist 18 months after traumatic brain injury but remain underrecognized.

Objective: This study is a prospective, controlled clinical and electrophysiologic trial examining the chronic course of posttraumatic sleep-wake disturbances (SWD).

Methods: We screened 140 patients with acute, first-ever traumatic brain injury of any severity and included 60 patients for prospective follow-up examinations. Patients with prior brain trauma, other neurologic or systemic disease, drug abuse, or psychiatric comorbidities were excluded.

Expression and colocalization of NMDA receptor and FosB/ΔFosB in sensitive brain regions in rats after chronic morphine exposure.

Research in the last decade demonstrated that the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) has an important role in opiate-induced neural and behavioral plasticity. In addition, increased levels of FosB-like proteins (FosB/ΔFosB) were found to be related to morphine withdrawal behaviors. However, the relationship between NMDAR and FosB/ΔFosB in sensitive brain regions during morphine withdrawal is largely unknown.