Route-level carbon dioxide emissions in intercity multimodal passenger transport: analytical framework and characteristics.

Understanding the CO emission characteristics and key mitigation pathways of intercity passenger transport is crucial for achieving sustainable development in the transport system. Using origin-destination data on travel between city pairs by various transportation modes, we employ the life cycle assessment (LCA) method to estimate route-level CO emissions from intercity multimodal passenger transport corridors, considering infrastructure construction and vehicle operation phases. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the impact of 39 parameters associated with the construction phase, operation phase, and transportation modes on CO emissions from corridors.