Differential effects of alcohol-drinking patterns on the structure and function of the brain and cognitive performance in young adult drinkers: A pilot study.

Introduction: This study was aimed to determine how different patterns of alcohol consumption drive changes to brain structure and function and their correlation with cognitive impairments in young adult alcohol drinkers.

Methods: In this study, we enrolled five groups participants and defined as: long-term abstinence from alcohol (LA), binge drinking (BD), long-term low dosage alcohol consumption but exceeding the safety drinking dosage (LD), long-term alcohol consumption of damaging dosage (LDD), and long-term heavy drinking (HD). All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI (fMRI) to acquire data on brain structure and function, including gray matter volume (GMV), fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), functional connectivity (FC), and brain network properties.

Network functional connectivity analysis in individuals at ultrahigh risk for psychosis and patients with schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder, and the onset of which is preceded by a stage of ultrahigh risk (UHR) for developing psychosis. Therefore, analyzing individuals with UHR is essential for identifying predictive biomarkers for the onset of schizophrenia. The current study aimed to identify such biomarkers based on a voxelwise whole-brain functional degree centrality (FDC) analysis.

Activation of EphA4 induced by EphrinA1 exacerbates disruption of the blood-brain barrier following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion via the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway.

Vascular dementia (VD) is a syndrome characterized by progressive cognitive decline. According to previous studies, stroke is considered to be a risk factor for VD. The disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is pivotal to the pathology of stroke, as it contributes to post-stroke inflammation and edema.

Polymorphism in schizophrenia risk gene is associated with the posterior cingulate Cortex's activation and functional and structural connectivity in healthy controls.

gene has been repeatedly reported as a schizophrenia risk gene in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A polymorphism (rs1625579) at the gene has been associated with both neural activation and behavioral performance during a working memory task. This study examined 's associations with task-related (N-back working memory) fMRI, resting state fMRI, and diffusion tensor images (DTI) data in 177 healthy adults.

Identification of post traumatic stress disorder and risk factors in military first responders 6 months after Wen Chuan earthquake in China.

Background: Military personnel commonly serve as first responders to natural disasters. Our aim is to identify Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and determine risk in military responders to the Wen Chuan earthquake.

Methods: Analyses were carried out on 1056 of the 1125 soldiers enrolled.