Boron removal in seawater desalination by progressive freezing-melting.

Desalination plays a crucial role in addressing water scarcity and promoting sustainable development. However, the presence of high boron content in seawater poses a significant challenge. This study introduces a progressive freezing-melting method that effectively removes boron while desalinating seawater.

The migration law of magnesium ions during freezing and melting processes.

To explore the migration law of magnesium ions (Mg) during freezing and melting processes, laboratory simulation experiments involving freezing and melting were carried out to investigate the influence of ice thickness, freezing temperature, initial concentration, and initial pH on the distribution of Mg in the ice-water system. The distribution coefficient "K" (the ratio of the Mg concentration in the ice layer to the Mg concentration in the water layer under ice) was used to characterize the migration ability of Mg. The results showed that during the freezing process, the concentration distribution of Mg in the ice and water two-phase system was as follows: ice layer < water before freezing < water layer under ice; in other words, it migrated from ice layer to the water layer under ice.