Nitrogen and phosphorus additions alter soil N transformations in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides plantation.

Introduction: Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment due to anthropogenic activities can significantly affect soil N transformations in forest ecosystems. However, the effects of N and P additions on nitrification and denitrification processes in plantations, and economically important forest type in China, remain poorly understood.

Methods: This study investigated the responses of soil nitrification and denitrification rates, as well as the abundances of nitrifiers and denitrifiers, to different levels of N and P additions in a 6-year nutrient addition experiment in a plantation.

Evolutionary history shapes variation of wood density of tree species across the world.

The effect of evolutionary history on wood density variation may play an important role in shaping variation in wood density, but this has largely not been tested. Using a comprehensive global dataset including 27,297 measurements of wood density from 2621 tree species worldwide, we test the hypothesis that the legacy of evolutionary history plays an important role in driving the variation of wood density among tree species. We assessed phylogenetic signal in different taxonomic (e.

Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of the halophytes across China.

Halophytes play a crucial role in the ecological restoration of saline and alkaline land and hold promising benefits to food security in China. Although a variety of aspects of halophytes have been extensively addressed, there is still a lack of overall understanding of the leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometric characteristics, especially at a national scale. We compiled a national dataset of 311 observations from 113 sampling sites across China to explore the changing trends and influencing factors on leaf N and P concentrations, and N:P ratio of halophytes.

Methane dynamics from a mixed plantation of north China: Observation using closed-path eddy covariance method.

Although an important greenhouse gas, methane flux in hilly forest ecosystems remains unclear. By using closed-path eddy covariance systems, methane flux was measured continuously from 2017 to 2019 in a mixed plantation in the Xiaolangdi area of the Yellow River in North China. The methane flux footprint and its diurnal and monthly variations were analysed, and its characteristics on rainy days are discussed.

Effects of Long-Term Fertilization and Stand Age on Root Nutrient Acquisition and Leaf Nutrient Resorption of .

The plant nutrient acquisition strategies are diverse, such as root nutrient acquisition and leaf nutrient resorption, playing important roles in driving soil processes, vegetation performance as well as ecosystem nutrient cycling. However, it is still in a debate whether there is a synergy or tradeoff between above- and below-ground nutrient acquisition strategy under nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition, or with stand age. Herein, this study investigated the responses of root-soil accumulation factor () and leaf nutrient resorption efficiency () to long-term N and P fertilization, and further explored the trade-off between them in plantations with different stand age.

Root nutrient capture and leaf resorption efficiency modulated by different influential factors jointly alleviated P limitation in across the North-South Transect of Eastern China.

Soil and climatic conditions are known to have close associations with plant morphological and stoichiometric traits at a regional scale along latitudinal gradients; however, how latitude drives biotic and abiotic factors affecting plant nutrient acquisition to accommodate environmental nutrient deficiency remains unclear. We quantified soil, root, leaf, and leaf litter nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations to determine the potentially limiting nutrient and the simultaneous responses of root capture and leaf resorption to nutrient deficiency in seven forests across the North-South Transect of Eastern China. The results showed that the mean leaf and root N:P ratios in were 21.

Understanding Responses of Soil Microbiome to the Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition in Metasequoia glyptostroboides Plantations of Different Ages.

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have significant effects on soil microbial community diversity, composition, and function. Also, trees of different life stages have different fertilization requirements. In this study, we designed three N additions and three P levels (5 years of experimental treatment) at two Metasequoia glyptostroboides plantations of different ages (young, 6 years old; middle mature, 24 years old) to understand how different addition levels of N and P affect the soil microbiome.

Fly-over phylogeny across invertebrate to vertebrate: The giant panda and insects share a highly similar gut microbiota.

Many studies highlight that host phylogeny and diet are the two main factors influencing the animal gut microbiota. However, the internal mechanisms driving the evolution of animal gut microbiota may be more complex and complicated than we previously realized. Here, based on a large-scale -analysis of animal gut microbiota (16 s RNA gene data from approximately 1,800 samples; 108 metagenomes) across a wide taxonomic range of hosts, from invertebrate to vertebrate, we found high similarity in the gut microbial community (high proportion of Gammaproteobacteria ()) of invertebrate insects and vertebrate bamboo-eating pandas (giant panda and red panda), which might be associated their plant-eating behavior and the presence of oxygen in the intestinal tract.

Potential Mechanism of Detoxification of Cyanide Compounds by Gut Microbiomes of Bamboo-Eating Pandas.

Gut microbes can enhance the ability of hosts to consume secondary plant compounds and, therefore, expand the dietary niche breadth of mammalian herbivores. The giant and red pandas are bamboo-eating specialists within the mammalian order Carnivora. Bamboo contains abundant plant secondary metabolites (e.

Latitudinal patterns of leaf N, P stoichiometry and nutrient resorption of Metasequoia glyptostroboides along the eastern coastline of China.

Latitudinal patterns of leaf stoichiometry and nutrient resorption were not consistent among published studies, likely due to confounding effects from taxonomy (e.g., plant distribution and community composition), and environment, which is also influenced by altitude and longitude.

Leaf N and P stoichiometry in relation to leaf shape and plant size for Quercus acutissima provenances across China.

Plant stoichiometry in relation to the structure and function of biological systems has been investigated at multiple scales. However, few studies have focused on the roles of stoichiometry for a given species. In this study, we determined leaf N and P stoichiometry, leaf shape and plant size in three Quercus acutissima common gardens with different climatic and site conditions.

Morphological Response of Eight Quercus Species to Simulated Wind Load.

Leaf shape, including leaf size, leaf dissection index (LDI), and venation distribution, strongly impacts leaf physiology and the forces of momentum exerted on leaves or the canopy under windy conditions. Yet, little has been known about how leaf shape affects the morphological response of trees to wind load. We studied eight Quercus species, with different leaf shapes, to determine the morphological response to simulated wind load.

Effect of forest structural change on carbon storage in a coastal Metasequoia glyptostroboides stand.

Forest structural change affects the forest's growth and the carbon storage. Two treatments, thinning (30% thinning intensity) and underplanting plus thinning, are being implemented in a coastal Metasequoia glyptostroboides forest shelterbelt in Eastern China. The vegetation carbon storage significantly increased in the underplanted and thinned treatments compared with that in the unthinned treatment (P < 0.