Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an important influencing factor in the process of aerobic microbial fermentation. Spinosad is an aerobic microbial-derived secondary metabolite. In our study, spinosad was used as an example to establish a DO strategy by multi-scale analysis, which included a reactor, cell and gene scales.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report here the preparation of porous magnetic polyacrylamide microspheres for efficient removal of cationic dyes by a simple polymerization-induced phase separation method. Characterizations by various techniques indicate that the microspheres show porous structures and magnetic properties. They can adsorb methylene blue with high efficiency, with adsorption capacity increasing from 263 to 1977 mg/g as the initial concentration increases from 5 to 300 mg/L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly post-operative mobilization is important both to reduce immobility-related complications and to get the best functional result following surgery on knee. We hypothesized that saphenous nerve block would reduce pain in this patient category compared with placebo injection. In this study, two reviewers independently searched the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (last performed on 12 October, 2014) to retrieve eligible randomized controlled clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNm23H1 and H2 are prototypical metastasis suppressors with diverse functions, but recent studies suggest that they may also regulate tumorigenesis. Here, we employed both cellular and in vivo assays to examine the effect of Nm23H1 and H2 on tumorigenesis induced by oncogenic Ras and/or p53 deficiency. Co-expression of Nm23H1 but not H2 in NIH3T3 cells effectively suppressed neoplastic transformation and tumorigenesis induced by the oncogenic H-Ras G12V mutant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute lung injury is a common consequence of sepsis, a life-threatening inflammatory response caused by severe infection. In this study, we elucidate the attenuating effects of synthetic Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser peptides (RGDs) on acute lung injury in a sepsis mouse model. We further reveal that the beneficial effects of RGDs stem from their negative regulation of the Wisp1 (WNT1-inducible signaling pathway)-integrin β6 pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
February 2015
Substantial effort has been directed at elucidating the functions of the products of the Nm23 tumor metastasis suppressor genes over the past two decades, with the ultimate goal of exploring their translational potentials in changing cancer patients' outcomes. Much attention has been focused on the better-known Nm23-H1, but despite having high sequence similarity, Nm23-H2 functions differently in many aspects. Besides acting as a metastasis suppressor, compelling data suggest that Nm23-H2 may modulate various tumor-associated biological events to enhance tumorigenesis in human solid tumors and hematological malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The increasing use of the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block, as a form of pain relief after laparoscopic surgery, warrants evaluation of its effectiveness, when compared with other analgesic techniques.
Methods: We searched online databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google scholar and The Cochrane Database of Systematic Review. Mean differences (MD) were formulated for continuous data; odds ratios (OR) were calculated for dichotomous data.
Purpose: Ketamine is currently the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel blocker in clinical use. Morphine in pain management is usually limited by adverse effect such as nausea and vomiting. Adjuvant treatment with ketamine may be value in giving better analgesia with fewer adverse effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi
July 2014
Objective: To explore an optimal anesthesia method with less impact on hemodynamics and electrocardiogram (ECG) of old patients with coronary artery disease (CHD) during abdominal operation.
Methods: The 133 CHD patients waiting for abdominal operation were randomly divided into continuous epidural anesthesia (EA) group, general anesthesia group (GA) and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) group. Continuous monitoring was carried out during operation and mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SaO2), abnormal ECG were measured respectively at different time for comparison and the differences of the above hemodynamic parameters and abnormal ECG features were compared among the 3 groups.
With an intention to potent inhibitors of YycG histidine kinase, a series of halogenated thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-3-one carboxylic acid derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial, antibiofilm and hemolytic activities. The majority of the compounds showed good activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, with MIC values of 1.56-6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dexmedetomidine has become a popular additive for regional anesthesia. Aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of this additive on the duration of postoperative analgesia and possible adverse events in pediatrics undergoing orchidopexy or lower abdominal surgery.
Methods: The literature databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized, controlled trials (RCTs).
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
October 2014
Objectives: Peri-operative ketamine peritonsillar infiltration in children can reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), but its postoperative analgesic time is short. A previous meta-analysis in 2011 was inconclusive due to insufficient data. Consequently, we updated the meta-analysis to verify the role of ketamine peritonsillar infiltration for tonsillectomy in pediatric patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSome protein pharmaceuticals from Chinese medicine have been developed to treat cardiovascular diseases, genetic diseases, and cancer. Bioactive proteins with various pharmacological properties have been successfully isolated from animals such as Hirudo medicinalis (medicinal leech), Eisenia fetida (earthworm), and Mesobuthus martensii (Chinese scorpion), and from herbal medicines derived from species such as Cordyceps militaris, Ganoderma, Momordica cochinchinensis, Viscum album, Poria cocos, Senna obtusifolia, Panax notoginseng, Smilax glabra, Ginkgo biloba, Dioscorea batatas, and Trichosanthes kirilowii. This article reviews the isolation methods, molecular characteristics, bioactivities, pharmacological properties, and potential uses of bioactive proteins originating from these Chinese medicines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi
April 2014
Objective: To evaluate the effect of Jatropha seed oils extracted by different methods on killing cercaria of Schistosomajaponicum so as to screen the optimum process and formulations.
Methods: The cercaria directly contacting tests with Jatropha seed oils extracted by 6 different extraction processes were carried out, and the mouse immediate contacting cercaria infection trials with different formulations of Jatropha seed oil and various additives were performed.
Results: With 95% ethanol, the ratio of material to liquid being 1:8, and 2 h extraction, the oil extraction rate was 30.
The aim of this study is to compare the operative parameters and outcomes of conventional CO2-pneumoperitoneum (PP) versus gasless abdominal wall-lifting (AWL) for laparoscopic surgery. The literature databases of PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that had compared the CO2-PP approach with that of gasless AWL for laparoscopic surgery and which had been published between 1995 and 2012. Data for the operative parameters (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi
March 2014
Cerebral hypoperfusion is a common feature of vascular dementia and has recently been recognized to contribute to the progression of cognitive decline. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Bushen Huoxue decoction (BHD), a two‑herb Chinese Medicine, on cognitive impairment in a rat model of cerebral hypoperfusion induced by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (2VO). The results demonstrated that BHD significantly attenuated learning and spatial memory deficits in the Morris water maze test in a dose‑dependent manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe preparation of nonspherical materials composed of separated multicomponents by droplet-based microfluidics remains a challenge. Based on polymerization-induced phase separation and droplet coalescence in microfluidics, we prepared emulsions of variously shaped PAM/PEG core/shell droplets and hydrogels composed of two separated components, which show flexible and transformable hierarchical structures and microarchitectures. We find that AM/PEG aqueous droplets form a core/shell structure after polymerization resulting from phase separation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ketamine is traditionally avoided in sedation management of patients with risk of intracranial hypertension. However, results from many clinical trials contradict this concern. We critically analyzed the published data of the effects of ketamine on intracranial pressure (ICP) and other cerebral hemodynamics to determine whether ketamine was safe for patients with hemodynamic instability and brain injuries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArrays of NiCo S nanotubes on nickel foam were prepared by means of a two-step method, and were directly applied as a binder-free supercapacitor electrode. Such a binder-free method enables intimate contact between the current collector and the active materials, and can effectively improve ion and charge transportation. As a result, the electrochemical performances of supercapacitors can be improved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater
April 2014
Implantable endovascular stent grafts have become a frequent option for the treatment of abdominal and thoracic aneurysms. Given that such devices are permanent implants, the question of long-term biostability needs to be addressed. This article describes the development of an in vitro stent graft abrasion test method between the graft fabric and metal stent of an endovascular device.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective. To conduct a comprehensive PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicines (CMs) as an adjuvant therapy for unresectable HCC during transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe photochemical reaction of a pyrimidine and a ketone occurs either as a Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction or as energy transfer (ET) from the triplet ketone to the pyrimidine. It is rare for the two types of reactions to occur concurrently, and their competitive mechanism remains unknown. In this work, two classes of products, regioisomeric oxetane(s) (2, 3) from a PB reaction and three isomeric dimers of 5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl uracil (FDMU) (4-6) from a photosensitized dimerization of FDMU, are obtained through the UV irradiation of FDMU with various benzophenones (BPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulator of G protein signaling 19 (RGS19) has recently been shown to inhibit Ras activation by upregulating the tumor metastasis suppressor Nm23. Here, we have examined the effect of RGS19 on Ras-induced oncogenesis. Coexpression of RGS19, but not RGS20, in NIH3T3 cells effectively suppressed neoplastic transformation and tumorigenesis induced by the oncogenic Ras(GV) mutant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and safety of a Chinese herbal formula, Er-Xian decoction (EXD), in the treatment of menopausal symptoms among Hong Kong perimenopausal women.
Methods: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was conducted for 12 weeks among 108 Hong Kong perimenopausal women who reported Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) total scores of 28 or higher. Posttreatment follow-up was performed 3 months after the intervention.