Catalpol Regulates Oligodendrocyte Regeneration and Remyelination by Activating the GEF-Cdc42/Rac1 Signaling Pathway in EAE Mice.

The main obstacle to remyelination in demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, is the inability of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the demyelinating region. Consequently, promoting OL differentiation and myelin remodeling is a key goal in the search for treatments. Rho GTPases play diverse and important roles throughout the development of neuronal axons and the formation of the myelin sheath.

Association of Pain with Plasma C5a in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders During Remission.

Objective: To investigate the association of pain with plasma C5a levels and other related inflammatory cytokines in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) patients during remission.

Participants And Methods: NMOSD patients (n = 87) and healthy controls (HC; n = 44) were consecutively recruited between January 2017 and April 2018. Plasma complement 5 (C5), C5a, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1β levels were detected.

Association between symbol digit modalities test and regional cortex thickness in young adults with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, predominating within young adults. Cognitive disorders are common in MS and have are associated with several Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) markers, especially brain atrophy. Many have found the symbol digit modalities test (SDMT) to be the most sensitive individual cognitive measure relevant to MS.

Neuroprotective Effects of Fingolimod Supplement on the Retina and Optic Nerve in the Mouse Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Favorable effects exerted by long-term administration of fingolimod therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients have been reported, but sporadic side effects, such as reversible macular edema, also have been recorded. The present study aimed to determine whether fingolimod therapy is beneficial to the visual system in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice. A decrease in demyelination and axon loss in the optic nerve as well as cellular infiltration, especially the recruited macrophages, was observed in EAE with fingolimod treatment.

Nonsurgical treatment of chronic subdural hematoma with Chinese herbal medicine: A STROBE-compliant retrospective study.

The aim of the study was to observe the efficacy of nonsurgical treatment with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). This study includes clinical results of a STROBE-compliant retrospective study.Forty patients diagnosed with CSDH were recruited from outpatient.

Forming and Reversibly Cross-Linkable Hydrogels Based on Copolypept(o)ides and Polysaccharides.

The emerging tide of hydrogels in biomedical fields drives them to possess good biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and fast gelation process. Herein, a composite hydrogel containing copolypept(o)ides and functional polysaccharides was constructed through dynamic acylhydrazone linkages. First, a series of peptide-peptoid copolymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of sarcosine (Sar) and l-glutamic acid γ-benzyl ester (BLG) -carboxyanhydrides (NCAs).

Gastrodin improves the neurological score in MCAO rats by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, promoting revascularization.

Gastrodin (GAS) is an active constituent of Chinese herbal medicine tianma (), which is commonly used to extinguish wind (TCM term). Tianma is also widely used to treat various neurological diseases such as stroke, dizziness, epilepsy, etc. Its clinical effect is quite satisfactory.

Influences of pregnancy on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To assess the influences of pregnancy on disease progression of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: A total of 148 NMOSD patients and 170 MS patients were reviewed retrospectively. The changes in mean annualized relapse rate (ARR) in NMOSD and MS during and after pregnancy were compared.

Elevated Plasma Chemokines for Eosinophils in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders during Remission.

Background: A prominent pathological feature of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is markedly greater eosinophilic infiltration than that seen in other demyelinating diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS). Eosinophils express the chemokine receptor CCR3, which is activated by eotaxins (CCL11/eotaxin-1, CCL24/eotaxin-2, CCL26/eotaxin-3) and CCL13 [monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-4]. Moreover, CCL13 is part of the chemokine set that activates CCR2.

The Chinese version of story recall: a useful screening tool for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in the elderly.

Background: Decline in verbal episodic memory is a core feature of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The delayed story recall (DSR) test from the Adult Memory and Information Processing Battery (AMIPB) discriminates MCI from normal aging and predicts its conversion to Alzheimer's dementia. However, there is no study that validates the Chinese version of the DSR and reports cut-off scores in the Chinese population.