Association of higher triglyceride-glucose index and triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with early neurological deterioration after thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) can predict the prognosis of patients suffering from cerebrovascular disorders. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio have been confirmed to be easy and reliable indicators of IR. However, the relationships between the TyG index or TG/HDL-C ratio and early neurological deterioration (END) after thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are uncertain.

Prediction on the spatial distribution of the seropositive rate of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province, China: a machine learning model integrated with the Kriging method.

Schistosomiasis remains a formidable challenge to global public health. This study aims to predict the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis seropositive rates in Hunan Province, pinpointing high-risk transmission areas and advocating for tailored control measures in low-endemic regions. Six machine learning models and their corresponding hybrid machine learning-Kriging models were employed to predict the seropositive rate.

KIFC3 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

KIFC3 is a member of the Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs). The role of KIFC3 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the function of KIFC3 in NSCLC and the underlying mechanism.

Reversed ICu single-atom sites for superior neutral ammonia electrosynthesis with nitrate.

Electrochemical ammonia (NH) synthesis from nitrate reduction (NITRR) offers an appealing solution for addressing environmental concerns and the energy crisis. However, most of the developed electrocatalysts reduce NO to NH via a hydrogen (H*)-mediated reduction mechanism, which suffers from undesired H*-H* dimerization to H, resulting in unsatisfactory NH yields. Herein, we demonstrate that reversed ICu single-atom sites, prepared by anchoring iodine single atoms on the Cu surface, realized superior NITRR with a superior ammonia yield rate of 4.

Changing seroprevalence of schistosomiasis japonica in China from 1982 to 2020: A systematic review and spatial analysis.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a global public health issue. In China, while the seroprevalence of Schistosomiasis japonica has currently reduced to a relatively low level, risk of infection still exists in certain areas. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive research on the long-term trends of national seroprevalence, changes across age groups, and characteristics in spatial distribution, which is crucial for effectively targeting interventions and achieving the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis by 2030.

Panoptic-PartFormer++: A Unified and Decoupled View for Panoptic Part Segmentation.

Panoptic Part Segmentation (PPS) unifies panoptic and part segmentation into one task. Previous works utilize separate approaches to handle things, stuff, and part predictions without shared computation and task association. We aim to unify these tasks at the architectural level, designing the first end-to-end unified framework, Panoptic-PartFormer.

The epidemic characteristics of infection among children in Anhui, China, 2015-2023.

Unlabelled: The number of pediatric respiratory tract infection cases in China has significantly increased this year, and is one of the main pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of in children in the Anhui region and to provide evidence for the prevention and control strategies of in children in this region. A total of 66,488 pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection were enrolled from January 2015 to November 2023 in this study.

Targeting RNA with small molecules, from RNA structures to precision medicines: IUPHAR review: 40.

RNA plays important roles in regulating both health and disease biology in all kingdoms of life. Notably, RNA can form intricate three-dimensional structures, and their biological functions are dependent on these structures. Targeting the structured regions of RNA with small molecules has gained increasing attention over the past decade, because it provides both chemical probes to study fundamental biology processes and lead medicines for diseases with unmet medical needs.

Evaluation of phage-based decontamination in respiratory intensive care unit environments using ddPCR and 16S rRNA targeted sequencing techniques.

Background: is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), primarily spread through environmental contamination in hospitals. The effectiveness of current chemical disinfectants is waning due to emerging resistance, which poses environmental hazards and fosters new resistance in pathogens. Developing environmentally friendly and effective disinfectants against multidrug-resistant organisms is increasingly important.

Application of the full-width-at-half-maximum image segmentation method to analyse retinal vascular changes in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis.

Background: To investigate the correlation between retinal vascular changes and ICA stenosis by measuring retinal vessels using full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) and intelligent image recognition.

Methods: This research selected patients who were admitted to the Vascular Surgery Department of Quzhou People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 and were preparing for Carotid Artery Stenting (CAS). Participants were divided into two groups: without ICA stenosis (Group 0) and with ICA stenosis (Group 1).

INHBA promotes tumor growth and induces resistance to PD-L1 blockade by suppressing IFN-γ signaling.

Inhibin beta A (INHBA) and its homodimer activin A have pleiotropic effects on modulation of immune responses and tumor progression, but it remains uncertain whether tumors may release activin A to regulate anti-tumor immunity. In this study we investigated the effects and mechanisms of tumor intrinsic INHBA on carcinogenesis, tumor immunity and PD-L1 blockade. Bioinformatic analysis on the TCGA database revealed that INHBA expression levels were elevated in 33 cancer types, including breast cancer (BRCA) and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD).

New Strategies for constructing and analyzing semiconductor photosynthetic biohybrid systems based on ensemble Machine learning Models: Visualizing complex mechanisms and yield prediction.

Photosynthetic biohybrid systems (PBSs) composed of semiconductor-microbial hybrids provide a novel approach for converting light into chemical energy. However, comprehending the intricate interactions between materials and microbes that lead to PBSs with high apparent quantum yields (AQY) is challenging. Machine learning holds promise in predicting these interactions.

A small molecule that selectively inhibits the growth of Epstein-Barr virus-latently infected cancer cells.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an oncogenic herpesvirus, is predominantly found in the latent infection form and is highly associated with many human malignancies, which mainly have poor prognoses and no effective treatments. Here, we obtained thirteen compounds from small-molecule libraries for specific inhibition of EBV-latently infected cell growth by high-throughput screening. Among them, cetrimonium bromide (CetB) was identified to selectively inhibit the growth of different EBV-infected B lymphoma cell lines.

Interactions between root endophytic microorganisms and the reduced negative ion release capacity of Rchb. f. under high temperature stress.

Introduction: Negative oxygen ions are produced by plants through photosynthesis, utilizing "tip discharge" or the photoelectric effect, which has various functions such as sterilization, dust removal, and delaying aging. With global warming, high temperatures may affect the ability of Rchb. f.

VSmTrans: A hybrid paradigm integrating self-attention and convolution for 3D medical image segmentation.

Purpose: Vision Transformers recently achieved a competitive performance compared with CNNs due to their excellent capability of learning global representation. However, there are two major challenges when applying them to 3D image segmentation: i) Because of the large size of 3D medical images, comprehensive global information is hard to capture due to the enormous computational costs. ii) Insufficient local inductive bias in Transformers affects the ability to segment detailed features such as ambiguous and subtly defined boundaries.

Autoinhibition of ubiquitin-specific protease 8: Insights into domain interactions and mechanisms of regulation.

Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) are a family of multi-domain deubiquitinases (DUBs) with variable architectures, some containing regulatory auxiliary domains. Among the USP family, all occurrences of intramolecular regulation presently known are autoactivating. USP8 remains the sole exception as its putative WW-like domain, conserved only in vertebrate orthologs, is autoinhibitory.

Biodegradable microplastics aggravate greenhouse gas emissions from urban lake sediments more severely than conventional microplastics.

Freshwater ecosystems, such as urban lake sediments, have been identified as important sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere, as well as persistent sinks for ubiquitous microplastics due to the high population density and frequent anthropogenic activity. The potential impacts of microplastics on GHG production, however, remain underexplored. In this study, four types of common biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) versus four conventional non-biodegradable microplastics (NBMPs) were artificially exposed to urban lake sediments to investigate the responses of nitrous oxide (NO) and methane (CH) production, and make a comparison regarding how the biodegradability of microplastics affected GHG emissions.

A Quantitative Computational Framework for Allopolyploid Single-Cell Data Integration and Core Gene Ranking in Development.

Polyploidization drives regulatory and phenotypic innovation. How the merger of different genomes contributes to polyploid development is a fundamental issue in evolutionary developmental biology and breeding research. Clarifying this issue is challenging because of genome complexity and the difficulty in tracking stochastic subgenome divergence during development.

Negative association of atmospheric pollutants with semen quality: A cross-sectional study in Taiyuan, China.

Background: In recent decades, the quality of male semen has decreased worldwide. Air pollution has been linked to lower semen quality in several studies. However, the effects of atmospheric pollutants on different semen characteristics have not always been consistent.

Adherence to Non-operative Clinical Quality Measures in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Clinical quality measures exist for non-operative management of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Factors predicting adherence are unclear. A retrospective cohort study of patients with chronic CTS using MarketScan Research Database (2015-2020) was conducted.

Drug-Loaded Bioscaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration.

Osteochondral defect is a complex tissue loss disease caused by arthritis, high-energy trauma, and many other reasons. Due to the unique structural characteristics of osteochondral tissue, the repair process is sophisticated and involves the regeneration of both hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone. However, the current clinical treatments often fall short of achieving the desired outcomes.