Neoadjuvant darolutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy for high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer: a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase II trial.

Propose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant treatment of darolutamide, a next-generation androgen receptor inhibitor, plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC).

Methods: This single-arm, multicenter, open-label phase II trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05249712, 2022-01-01), recruited 30 localized high-risk/very high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa/VHRPCa) patients from three centers in China between 2021 and 2023.

A novel computational model ITHCS for enhanced prognostic risk stratification in ESCC by correcting for intratumor heterogeneity.

Intratumor heterogeneity significantly challenges the accuracy of existing prognostic models for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by introducing biases related to the varied genetic and molecular landscapes within tumors. Traditional models, relying on single-sample, single-region bulk RNA sequencing, fall short of capturing the complexity of intratumor heterogeneity. To fill this gap, we developed a computational model for intratumor heterogeneity corrected signature (ITHCS) by employing both multiregion bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing to pinpoint genes that exhibit consistent expression patterns across different tumor regions but vary significantly among patients.

Dynamic pricing optimization for high-speed railway based on passenger flow assignment.

In order to improve the operation efficiency and market competitiveness, how to optimize the ticket pricing strategy of high-speed railway to match the dynamic supply-demand relationship was an urgent problem to be studied. Taking differentiated passenger demand and supply trains as the research object, the space-time service network based on train timetable was constructed. The generalized cost formula and travel utility formula of passenger travel were proposed, which contained economy, rapidity, convenience, comfort, and route correlation cost.

A Rare Case of High-Grade Fetal Adenocarcinoma of the Lung Demonstrated by 18F-FDG PET/CT.

An 85-year-old non-smoking woman with right back pain for 1 month underwent a chest CT, which showed a mass with a maximum diameter of 12.2 cm in the upper lobe of right lung. The lesion demonstrated heterogeneous uptake on FDG PET scanning.

The impact of gut microbiota in full-term pregnant women on immune regulation during pregnancy: A prospective, exploratory study.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the correlation between gut microbiota and both placental local immune function and the maternal systemic immune system in pregnant women.

Methods: Twenty-six pregnant women were included in this study, utilizing high-throughput sequencing for gut microbiota analysis. Immune cells and cytokine levels were measured in placental tissue and peripheral venous blood.

[Characteristics, Sources, and Health Risk Changes of Heavy Metal Pollution Carried by PM in Beijing and Evaluation of Policy Effectiveness].

To evaluate the effectiveness of air pollution prevention and control measures in Beijing, this study measured the content of 13 metal elements, including seven heavy metal elements [As, Cd, Co, Cr（Ⅵ）, Ni, Pb, and V], through daily PM sampling （ = 934） in the urban area of Beijing for four years. We analyzed the interannual changes in the concentration levels of various metals and the differences between heating and non-heating seasons, used a positive definite matrix factorization （PMF） model for quantitative source analysis, and used health risk assessment methods to evaluate the health risks of six metals. The results showed that, except for a few metal elements such as Cr（Ⅵ） and Ni, which showed an increase in concentration in individual years, the overall concentration of each element showed a downward trend.

The Impact of Sleep Disorders on Glymphatic Function in Parkinson's Disease Using Diffusion Tensor MRI.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate the impact of sleep disorders on glymphatic system in Parkinson's disease (PD) using a non-invasive imaging technique called diffusion tensor image analysis along perivascular space (DTI-ALPS).

Materials And Methods: A total of 114 PD patients and 54 healthy controls (HCs) underwent sleep questionnaires and MRI examinations as part of data collection from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort. An automated pipeline was proposed for ALPS calculation to reduce biases from manually region delineation.

Generation of Zebrafish Maternal Mutants via Oocyte-Specific Knockout System.

Maternal mRNAs and proteins are produced during oogenesis by more than 60% of zebrafish genes. They are indispensable for fertilization and early embryogenesis. Generation and analysis of the maternal mutant is the most direct way to characterize the maternal function of the specific gene.

CRISPR-based molecule-regulatory expression platform for specific immunotherapy of cancer.

Introduction: Cancer is still a major challenge of human health. The abnormality of intracellular cancer-related signal pathways is an important mechanism for the occurrence of cancer.

Methods: We used a molecular-senor to act on the endogenous signal molecules within the cell to redirect the abnormal signal flows in the cell to treat cancer.

Effectiveness of palatal anchorage device (PAD) for maxillary anterior retraction with clear aligners using finite element study.

The palatal anchorage device (PAD) is commonly used in fixed appliance for anchorage, but the biomechanics of PAD in patients treated with clear aligners(CAs)remains poorly understood, especially in its elastic mode and force magnitude. This study aimed to assess the biomechanical effects of using PAD for retraction during clear aligner treatment (CAT) with the extraction of two maxillary first premolars. Four finite element models were created: (1) Incisors retraction (IR) with active contraction of the clear aligner only; (2) IR with PAD using different forces (50,75,100 g) or not; (3) PAD without IR (forces of 50,75,100 g), and (4) Different elastic directions (D1, D2, D3) from aligner to PAD without IR.

Evaluating peritumoral and intratumoral radiomics signatures for predicting lymph node metastasis in surgically resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Whether lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer is critical to clinical decision-making. This study was to develop a non-invasive predictive model for preoperative assessing lymph node metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using radiomic features from chest CT images.

Materials & Methods: In this retrospective study, 247 patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were enrolled.

Discovery of Jaspamycin from marine-derived natural product based on MTA3 to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

Studies have underscored the pivotal role of metastasis-associated protein 3 (MTA3) as a cancer regulator, yet its potential as a drug target across cancers necessitates comprehensive evaluation. In this study, we analyzed MTA3 expression profiles to ascertain its diagnostic and prognostic value in pan-cancers, probing associations with genetic variations and immunological characteristics. Notably, liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) exhibited the most significant correlation with MTA3.

Adenanthin exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by covalently targeting the p65 subunit in the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Adenanthin is a structurally unique ent-kaurane diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia adenantha, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with potent anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism remains largely elusive to date. Here, we developed an affinity-based label-free protein profiling (ALFPP) to identify potential covalent targets of electrophilic natural products with ketone or aldehyde groups.

Preclinical investigations and a first-in-human phase 1a trial of JS007, a novel anti-CTLA-4 antibody, in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Background: Blocking cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) shows substantial antitumor efficacy. Here, we report the preclinical data and outcomes of a first-in-human phase 1a trial of JS007, a novel anti-CTLA-4 antibody, in advanced solid tumors.

Methods: In preclinical studies, both in vitro characteristics and in vivo characteristics of JS007 were investigated.

The association between adult asthma in the United States and dietary total energy intake: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis from NHANES.

Background: Epidemiological research links asthma progression to dietary nonallergic factors, particularly high-calorie intake. However, evidence supporting the relationship with total dietary calorie consumption remains scarce.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the potential correlation between asthma occurrence and total dietary energy intake.

Multi-objective constraints for path planning in screw fixation of scaphoid fractures.

Purpose: Scaphoid fractures, a common type of clinical fracture, often require screw placement surgery to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. Path planning algorithms can avoid more risks and have vital potential for developing precise and automatic surgeries. Despite the success of surgical path planning algorithms, automatic path planning for scaphoid fractures remains challenging owing to the complex bone structure and individual variations.

Endosialin-positive CAFs promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression by suppressing CD8 T cell infiltration.

Background And Aims: Endosialin, also known as tumor endothelial marker1 or CD248, is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is mainly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous study has found that endosialin-positive CAFs could recruit and induce the M2 polarization of macrophages in HCC. However, whether they may regulate other types of immune cells to promoting HCC progression is not known.

Identification and Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Ferroptosis and HIV in PASMCs Based on Bioinformatics.

Background: HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (HIV-PAH), a rare and fatal condition within the pulmonary arterial hypertension spectrum, is linked to HIV infection. While ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death form, is implicated in various lung diseases, its role in HIVPAH development remains unclear.

Methods: Leveraging Gene Expression Omnibus data, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, including HIV-related DEGs (HIV-DEGs) and ferroptosis-related HIV-DEGs (FR-HIV-DEGs).