Aim: To study whether overcrowding and/or nurse understaffing preceded four bacterial outbreaks during a 5-year period in a Norwegian university hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods: A repeated cross-sectional study based on prospectively collected data from the Norwegian neonatal network's (NNN) web-based electronic database, digital work schedules and information about the outbreaks from logs, reports and publications. Number of admitted patients, category 4-5 patients (i.