[Validity and reliability of the 8-item EUROHIS-QOL to assess Brazilian adults' quality of life].

The study evaluated the psychometric properties of the EUROHIS-QOL 8-item scale in Brazilian adults. The EUROHIS-QOL is a measurement of quality of life developed based on the generic instruments of WHOQOL-100 and WHOQOL-BREF. Based on data from a prospective cohort of 1,100 adults, participants in the baseline in 2006 and 2007, exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, reliability, and discriminant validity were performed via multitrait-multimethod analysis, with the calculation of the average variance extracted (AVE).

Years of potential life lost due to AIDS in female, in Southern Brazil: a descriptive study, 2007-2017.

Objective: to describe the years of potential life lost (YPLL) due to AIDS among the female population and analyze its association with race/skin color and social vulnerability indicators in Porto Alegre, capital city of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Methods: this was a descriptive study that took into consideration AIDS deaths in female between 2007 and 2017; data were obtained from the Mortality Information System; crude values and YPLL rates per 1,000 deaths were calculated, taking into consideration health districts and race/skin color.

Results: of the 1,539 deaths, approximately 51,000 years of potential life were estimated, representing 86.

Evidence of the validity of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) in university students.

Social support refers to the social resources that a person perceives to be available and has been strongly associated with physical and mental health outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the internal consistency, construct validity, and test-retest reliability of the Perceived Social Support Multidimensional Scale (PSSMS) in university students in the Midwest of Brazil. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed with two independent random samples, both consisting of 1,147 students.

Factors associated with the mortality of women living with HIV: a case-control study.

This case-control study investigated factors associated with death among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in the city of Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil. Sociodemographic, parental and reproductive characteristics, exposure to HIV, laboratory markers and adherence to treatmen were variables examined. The cases were selected among WLHIV who were followed up by health care services for the vertical transmission of HIV (VT) and who died between the years of 2007 and 2017.

Spatial and spatio-temporal distribution of women living with HIV mortality in Porto Alegre, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017.

Objetive: To present some factors related to the mortality rates of WLHIV in the city of Porto Alegre-RS.

Methods: This is a spatial and spatio-temporal analysis of ecological data about all women monitored by the health care services for the vertical transmission (VT) of HIV, between 2007 and 2017, residing in the city that died during the period. The units of analysis were the 17 sanitary districts of the city.

[Pharmaceutical globalization and biological citizenship: notes on the implementation of post-exposure prophylaxis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil].

Based on a multicenter ethnographic field survey on the implementation of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, this article discusses aspects of micropolitics in the supply of "new preventive technologies" based on the concepts of pharmaceutical globalization and biological citizenship. Combined prevention suggests the joint use of behavioral, biomedical, and structural strategies to confront HIV, but on the margins of this policy's co-construction, actions by health services in Rio Grande do Sul showed a profound fragmentation of this combination in the network, prioritizing access to medication. Stimulated by a scenario of pharmaceutical globalization, the way PEP is accessed and supplied to users encourages a biological citizenship that involves the right to prevention, in this case through the individual right to consume the medication.

Psychosocial aspects and the impact of oral health on quality of life of Brazilian adults.

Introduction: This research aimed to investigate the association between psychosocial aspects and the impact of oral health on quality of life among adults.

Method: This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,100 adults aged 20 years or older from a medium-sized city in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. The outcome was Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) in three categories: better (OHIP=0: 50% of lower scores), moderate (OHIP 1-12.

[Combined HIV prevention? Systematic review of interventions with women from low- and middle-income countries].

The scope of this systematic review was to characterize interventions for HIV prevention that included adult women and was conducted in low- and middle-income countries after 1996, identifying how they covered individual, social and programmatic vulnerabilities. Databases were accessed from 1997 to July 2016 and the studies selected included adult women, with combined strategies or otherwise, only excluding biomedical or mass media interventions. Thus, 72 interventions developed in 32 countries were selected, most of them in African countries and/or in the upper-middle income bracket, with 26 focusing solely on women.

Individual and contextual factors associated with sexual initiation among adolescents.

Adolescent sexual practices have been widely investigated as experiences that pose potential risks for health. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate individual and contextual factors associated with sexual initiation, sexual activity before the age of 15 years, and inconsistent condom use. A total of 253 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years, from public schools in the capital and metropolitan region of Rio Grande do Sul, were interviewed.

Social inequalities in the use of contraceptives in adult women from Southern Brazil.

Objective: To describe the contraceptive methods used by adult women and the associated socioeconomic and demographic factors.

Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study with 20 to 49-year-old women from São Leopoldo, state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2015. Three outcomes were considered to analyze the association with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics: use of oral contraceptive pills, tubal ligation and male condom.

Factors associated with not having Pap Smears in São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2015: a cross-sectional population-based study.

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of Pap tests not performed in the last three years and never performed in women and to analyze factors.

Methods: this was a cross-sectional study with women aged 20 to 69 years living in São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil, in 2015; prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated using Poisson regression.

Results: among 919 women, prevalence of delayed testing was 17.

Developmental health in the context of an early childhood program in Brazil: the "Primeira Infância Melhor" experience.

Design and evaluation of early child development (ECD) programs are poorly documented in low- or middle-income countries. The study aimed to identify family and child characteristics associated with developmental health outcomes among children aged from 4 to 6 years who participated in the "Primeira Infância Melhor" - PIM (Better Early Childhood), a home visiting program in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We also evaluated the impact of PIM on developmental vulnerability at school entry using a comparison group.

[HIV and syphilis coinfection in pregnancy and vertical HIV transmission: a study based on epidemiological surveillance data].

Objective: To estimate the rate of HIV and syphilis coinfection among pregnant women living in Porto Alegre, Brazil, as well as the association of coinfection with vertical HIV transmission and socioeconomic variables.

Method: This analytical retrospective cross-sectional study employed data from the regular epidemiological surveillance system for the period from 2010 to 2013. Data were obtained regarding pregnant women with HIV and exposed children, syphilis in pregnancy, and congenital syphilis.

Behavioral interventions to promote condom use among women living with HIV: a systematic review update.

Behavioral interventions have been essential components of HIV prevention approaches, especially those aimed to promote safe sexual practices. We conducted a comprehensive literature search without language restrictions between 1980 and July 2014 to identify randomized controlled trials or controlled studies investigating behavioral interventions which: included women living with HIV; focused on condom use promotion; presented/analyzed outcomes by gender; used a 3-month follow-up or more; and considered at least one HIV-related behavioral or biological outcome. Eight studies comprising a total of 1,355 women living with HIV were included in the meta-analyses, and 13 studies were qualitatively described.

Home or community-based pulmonary rehabilitation for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (OPR) has shown positive results. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of home or community-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HCPR) in individuals with COPD. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials compared HCPR to controls and HCPR to OPR according to functional capacity, dyspnea, and quality of life in individuals with COPD.

[Social support assessment in Brazilian studies: conceptual aspects and measures].

This study investigated the different ways of evaluating the social support in Brazilian studies. A surveying of scientific Brazilian publications from 1987 to 2007 was done in the Indexpsi, Pepsic, SciELO and Lilacs databases according to keywords social support and social network. Fifty-five studies included some type of assessing social support in Brazilian samples.

Association of chronic stress, depression symptoms and cortisol with low saliva flow in a sample of south-Brazilians aged 50 years and older.

Background: Few studies have evaluated the relationship between depression symptoms, chronic stress or physiological measures of stress such as cortisol levels and saliva secretion.

Objective: To evaluate the association of low saliva flow with chronic stress, depression symptoms and cortisol in a population aged 50 years and older.

Methods: Participants (n = 227) were recruited from community clubhouses and among dementia caregivers.