Using the appropriate modulus of elasticity of periodontal ligament matters in stress analysis of human first premolar tooth and periodontium structures.

Although the modulus of elasticity of the human periodontal ligament (E) values used in dentistry widely ranged from 0.01 to 175 MPa, the exact E value has not been determined. This study aimed to verify whether and how E values affect the stress distribution over the tooth and periodontium structures, and to determine the appropriate E range.

Preclinical characterization of the Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine.

As SARS-CoV-2 evolves, increasing in potential for greater transmissibility and immune escape, updated vaccines are needed to boost adaptive immunity to protect against COVID-19 caused by circulating strains. Here, we report features of the monovalent Omicron XBB.1.

Preclinical immunogenicity and safety of hemagglutinin-encoding modRNA influenza vaccines.

Seasonal epidemics of influenza viruses are responsible for a significant global public health burden. Vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent infection; however, due to the persistence of antigenic drift, vaccines must be updated annually. The selection of vaccine strains occurs months in advance of the influenza season to allow adequate time for production in eggs.

Application of nanoparticles as surface modifiers of dental implants for revascularization/regeneration of bone.

Background: Osseointegrated dental implants are widely established as a first-choice treatment for the replacement of missing teeth. Clinical outcomes are however often compromised by short or longer-term biological complications and pathologies. Nanoparticle-coated materials represent a very active research area with the potential to enhance clinical outcomes and reduce complications of implant therapy.

Sequence-Directed Covalent Protein-RNA Linkages in a Single Step Using Engineered HUH-Tags.

Replication-initiating HUH-endonucleases (Reps) are enzymes that form covalent bonds with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in a sequence specific manner to initiate rolling circle replication. These nucleases have been co-opted for use in biotechnology as sequence specific protein-ssDNA bioconjugation fusion partners dubbed 'HUH-tags'. Here, we describe the engineering and characterization of a series of laboratory evolved HUH-tags capable of forming robust sequence-directed covalent bonds with unmodified RNA substrates.

Strength of female mate preferences in temperature manipulation study supports the signal reliability hypothesis.

Both sexually selected traits and mate preferences for these traits can be context dependent, yet how variation in preferred traits could select for context dependent preferences has rarely been examined. The signal reliability hypothesis predicts that mate preferences vary across contexts (e.g.

Performance of a Wearable Ring in Controlled Hypoxia: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Over recent years, technological advances in wearables have allowed for continuous home monitoring of heart rate and oxygen saturation. These devices have primarily been used for sports and general wellness and may not be suitable for medical decision-making, especially in saturations below 90% and in patients with dark skin color. Wearable clinical-grade saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO) monitoring can be of great value to patients with chronic diseases, enabling them and their clinicians to better manage their condition with reliable real-time and trend data.

HUHgle: An Interactive Substrate Design Tool for Covalent Protein-ssDNA Labeling Using HUH-Tags.

HUH-tags have emerged as versatile fusion partners that mediate sequence specific protein-ssDNA bioconjugation through a simple and efficient reaction. Here we present HUHgle, a python-based interactive tool for the visualization, design, and optimization of substrates for HUH-tag mediated covalent labeling of proteins of interest with ssDNA substrates of interest. HUHgle streamlines design processes by integrating an intuitive plotting interface with a search function capable of predicting and displaying protein-ssDNA bioconjugate formation efficiency and specificity in proposed HUH-tag/ssDNA sequence combinations.

Impact of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine and Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine as Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy on Stool Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Abundance.

Increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health emergency. Although chemoprevention has improved malaria-related pregnancy outcomes, the downstream effects on AMR have not been characterized. We compared the abundance of 10 AMR genes in stool samples from pregnant women receiving sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) to that in samples from women receiving dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for IPTp.

Impact of Obesity on Atrial Fibrillation Pathogenesis and Treatment Options.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. AF increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, dementia, and hospitalization. Obesity significantly increases AF risk, both directly and indirectly, through related conditions, like hypertension, diabetes, and heart failure.

The crystal structure of the human smacovirus 1 Rep domain.

Replication initiator proteins (Reps) from the HUH endonuclease family process specific single-stranded DNA sequences to initiate rolling-circle replication in viruses. Here, the first crystal structure of the apo state of a Rep domain from the smacovirus family is reported. The structure of the human smacovirus 1 Rep domain was obtained at 1.

The effect of different hemostatic agents following dental extraction in patients under oral antithrombotic therapy: a network meta-analysis.

This network meta-analysis was done to thoroughly evaluate the available literature on the use of different hemostatic agents for dental extraction in patients under oral antithrombotic therapy, aiming to identify the agent with the best/worst performance in bleeding control. Considering that such patients have a higher risk of bleeding, choosing the right hemostatic is essential. Twenty-three randomized clinical trials articles were included after completing the literature search.

Study of capsule endoscopy delivery at scale through enhanced artificial intelligence-enabled analysis (the CESCAIL study).

Aim: Lower gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostics have been facing relentless capacity constraints for many years, even before the COVID-19 era. Restrictions from the COVID pandemic have resulted in a significant backlog in lower GI diagnostics. Given recent developments in deep neural networks (DNNs) and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in endoscopy, automating capsule video analysis is now within reach.

Periosteum-derived Micrografts for bone regeneration.

Bone regeneration is currently one of the most widely researched topics in regenerative medicine. Several bone-grafting materials have been introduced and compared. However, the limitations of the currently available grafts have led researchers to investigate new materials to be used.

Rational design of a highly immunogenic prefusion-stabilized F glycoprotein antigen for a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading, global cause of serious respiratory disease in infants and is an important cause of respiratory illness in older adults. No RSV vaccine is currently available. The RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein is a key antigen for vaccine development, and its prefusion conformation is the target of the most potent neutralizing antibodies.

Determination of the compressive modulus of elasticity of periodontal ligament derived from human first premolars.

Purpose: There are two commonly cited modulus of elasticity of the human periodontal ligament (E), i.e., 6.

Watson-Crick Base-Pairing Requirements for ssDNA Recognition and Processing in Replication-Initiating HUH Endonucleases.

Replication-initiating HUH endonucleases (Reps) are sequence-specific nucleases that cleave and rejoin single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) during rolling-circle replication. These functions are mediated by covalent linkage of the Rep to its substrate post cleavage. Here, we describe the structures of the endonuclease domain from the Muscovy duck circovirus Rep in complex with its cognate ssDNA 10-mer with and without manganese in the active site.

Tideglusib enhances odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells in vitro.

Aim: Tideglusib is a small molecule agonist of the canonical Wnt pathway. The present study investigated the influence of Tideglusib on human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) proliferation, apoptosis, migration and odonto/osteogenic differentiation.

Methodology: hDPSCs were treated with 50, 100 nM or 200 nM Tideglusib.

Efficacy of the autogenous dentin graft for implant placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the autogenous dentin graft (ADG) shows comparable results and similar clinical performance to other graft materials when utilized for implant placement. Four databases were searched, and controlled human studies that applied autogenous dentin for implant surgery, comparing it with other bone grafts, were included. Nine articles met the inclusion criteria, five of which were randomized controlled trials and were included in the meta-analysis.

6-Bromoindirubin-3'-Oxime Regulates Colony Formation, Apoptosis, and Odonto/Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO) is a candidate small molecule that effectively modulates Wnt signalling owing to its stable property. The present study investigated the influence of BIO on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). hDPSCs were treated with 200, 400, or 800 nM BIO, and the effects on hDPSC responses and osteogenic differentiation were assessed.

New Life Through Disaster: A Thematic Analysis of Women's Experiences of Pregnancy and the 2016 Fort McMurray Wildfire.

Background: On May 3, 2016, residents of Fort McMurray Wood Buffalo, Alberta were evacuated due to an uncontrolled wildfire. The short-notice evacuation had destabilizing consequences for residents, including changes in routines, loss of control, and increased uncertainty. These consequences were especially detrimental to women who were pregnant or pre-conception during the evacuation.

Non-canonical Wnt signaling participates in Jagged1-induced osteo/odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells.

Osteoblast differentiation requires the interaction of various cell signaling pathways to modulate cell responses. Notch and Wnt signaling are among the crucial pathways that control numerous biological processes, including osteo/odontogenic differentiation. The aim of the present study was to examine the involvement of Wnt signaling in the Jagged1-induced osteo/odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).

Modeling SARS-CoV-2: Comparative Pathology in Rhesus Macaque and Golden Syrian Hamster Models.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans has a wide range of presentations, ranging from asymptomatic or mild symptoms to severe illness. Suitable animal models mimicking varying degrees of clinical disease manifestations could expedite development of therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. Here we demonstrate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection resulted in subclinical disease in rhesus macaques with mild pneumonia and clinical disease in Syrian hamsters with severe pneumonia.