Altered cytokine profiles in relapsed paucibacillary leprosy: a case report.

Background: Individuals with relapses of leprosy should be monitored carefully, however, with respect to paucibacillary (PB) leprosy, it is sometimes difficult to make a definitive diagnosis of relapse, because the bacillary index is often negative. To evaluate the usefulness of cytokine profiling in a patient with relapsed PB leprosy who tested negative for anti-phenolic glycolipid-I antibodies, we analyzed the Mycobacterium leprae protein-induced cytokine expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patient.

Case Presentation: An 89-year-old-male relapsed PB patient, first treated for leprosy over 50 years prior, was examined.

Satoyoshi syndrome has antibody against brain and gastrointestinal tissue.

Satoyoshi syndrome is a rare postnatal disorder with muscle spasms, alopecia, and diarrhea of unknown etiology. Nutritional deficiency seems to influence lifespan. We present a patient with this syndrome having a unique "mesh-like" mucosal change radiographically and white granules endoscopically in the gastrointestinal tract.