Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in human skin within 1 hour after injury through immunohistochemical staining: a pilot study.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is involved in tissue remodeling and in skin wound healing. The present study focuses on the MMP-9 expression in epidermal wound healing within 1 h after injury, to test whether MMP-9 can be used to estimate the time of injury in forensic practice.A sample consisting of 5 individuals undergoing surgery was analyzed.

Effects of Prolactin on Brain Neurons under Hypoxia.

The levels and potential role of prolactin (PRL) in the brain under conditions of acute systemic hypoxia were examined, focusing on the accumulation of PRL in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and its effects on neuronal activity and injury. The amount of PRL in the brain was investigated using brain tissues from forensic autopsy cases. We counted the number of neurites that formed in human primary neurons (HNs) after the addition of PRL.

Appetite Predicts Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Recently, the nutritional status of patients has drawn attention in an aging society. Early studies have reported that nutritional status is related to long-term outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, it is not necessarily simple to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with AMI.

Relationship between clock gene expression and and with benzodiazepines.

The present study aimed to clarify the expressions and roles of clock genes involved in drug metabolism in patients taking benzodiazepines (BZDs), as well as the drug metabolism regulators controlled by clock genes for each BZD type. The relationships between the expressions of the clock genes , , and and the drug-metabolizing enzymes and were investigated using livers from BZD-detected autopsy cases. In addition, the effect of BZD exposure on various genes was examined in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Femicide and forensic pathology: Proposal for a shared medico-legal methodology.

In a previous work, authors have proposed a medico-legal definition of femicide as the murder due to the failure to recognize the right of self-determination of women. The aim of this paper was to apply the proposed definition to a cohort of cases to characterise femicides and female homicides and assess whether femicides can be considered a distinct entity or not. A comparison between female and male homicides was performed to assess common and distinctive features.

Effect of methamphetamine on clock genes and drug-metabolizing enzyme expression.

This study examined the association between clock gene expression and the effect of methamphetamine (MA) on drug-metabolizing enzymes from the perspective of drug metabolism. The relationship between expression of the clock genes and and the drug-metabolizing enzymes and was investigated using livers from autopsy cases of MA-intoxication deaths. Additionally, the effect of MA exposure on various genes was examined in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Selection of the right inferior phrenic artery using a dual-lumen microcatheter in transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma.

An 88-year-old woman with a history of multiple hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) presented with a new HCC in segment seven of the liver. We decided to perform transarterial chemoembolization for HCC. During treatment, the HCC was supplied by the right inferior phrenic artery (IPA), which originated from the proximal part of the left gastric artery with a steep bifurcation angle.

Central nervous system stimulants promote nerve cell death under continuous hypoxia.

Intake of central nervous system (CNS) stimulants causes hypoxia and brain edema, which results in nerve cell death. However, no study has yet investigated the direct and continuous effects on nerve cells of CNS stimulants under hypoxia. Thus, based on autopsy cases, the effects of CNS stimulant drugs on the CNS were examined.

Central Nervous System Stimulants Limit Caffeine Transport at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier.

Caffeine, a common ingredient in energy drinks, crosses the blood-brain barrier easily, but the kinetics of caffeine across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) has not been investigated. Therefore, 127 autopsy cases (Group A, 30 patients, stimulant-detected group; and Group B, 97 patients, no stimulant detected group) were examined. In addition, a BCSFB model was constructed using human vascular endothelial cells and human choroid plexus epithelial cells separated by a filter, and the kinetics of caffeine in the BCSFB and the effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a neuroexcitatory agent, were studied.

Evaluation of the Relationships between Intestinal Regional Lymph Nodes and Immune Responses in Viral Infections in Children.

Viral infections increase the risk of developing allergies in childhood, and disruption of mucosal homeostasis is presumed to be involved. However, no study has reported a role for viral infections in such disruption. In this study, we clarified the mechanism of immunoglobulin A (IgA) overproduction in viral infections.

Evaluation of cytokines and structural proteins to analyze the pathology of febrile central nervous system disease.

This study was designed to examine the pathophysiological differences in interleukin (IL) and structural protein levels between central nervous system (CNS) disorders associated with heat stroke and CNS stimulants. We measured the concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and myelin basic protein (MBP) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 87 autopsy cases. In addition, to examine changes in each marker, we cultured nerve cells at 40 °C as a heat stroke model and administered 4-aminopyridine and ephedrine in cultured cells as a CNS stimulant model.

Acute abdominal disease with nonspecific symptoms in the elderly: A case series.

Acute stomach disease in elderly patients often lacks characteristic clinical manifestations. Presentations may differ from those in younger patients and are often complicated by concomitant diseases, delayed presentation, and misdiagnosis. Incorrect diagnosis and treatment can lead to medical-related death claims.

Application of the "bubbling" procedure to dead body portraits in forensic identification.

Purpose: A procedure is needed for bodies with disfiguring injuries to the face and the use of their portrait for visual identification.

Method: We present the application of a simple image processing procedure, otherwise known as "bubbling," which is based on the concept of "perceptual filling-in," to images for visual identification in the forensic context. The method is straight forward and can be performed using readily available software and hardware.

Morphological and biochemical changes in the pancreas associated with acute systemic hypoxia.

This study aimed to investigate the changes associated with acute systemic hypoxia in the endocrine system, particularly in pancreatic tissues. The investigation was based on macroscopic, pathohistological, biochemical, and molecular biological findings in cell lines and human cadavers. The results showed that cases of death due to asphyxia more frequently showed severe subcapsular/interstitial hemorrhage versus the other causes of death.

Analysis of fatal industrial accidents in forensic postmortem investigations in South Osaka.

Předkládaná studie zkoumala aktuální stav a příčiny smrtelných pracovních úrazů ze zdravotně-sociálního hlediska. Retrospektivně jsme hodnotili případy smrtelných pracovních úrazů mezi lety 2007 a 2016 v Ósace, která je druhým nejlidnatějším městem v Japonsku, z forenzních posmrtných dat 1689 zemřelých. Z těchto případů jsme analyzovali celkem 57 smrtelných průmyslových nehod.

Inferior mesenteric artery laceration associated with blunt abdominal trauma with Casper's sign in a physically abused child: An autopsy case and literature review.

There have been few studies of the death of children secondary to child abuse-related abdominal compression, and the detailed pathophysiology of such deaths is therefore unknown. The autopsy findings of a 3-year-old boy who died of hemorrhagic shock due to non-accidental severe blunt abdominal trauma were compared to those of children who died of other non-accidental abdominal injuries. Old and acute subcutaneous hemorrhages, abrasions, and scars were present all over the subject's body.

[Two Cases of Laparoscopic Partial Resection of Stomach Using a Trans-Gastric Wall Approach for Submucosal Tumors].

We performed laparoscopic partial resection of the stomach with a trans-gastric wall approach for submucosal tumors. Case 1: A 67-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of tarry stool. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a well demarcated, round, 45mm intraluminal-type submucosal tumor with delle on the anterior wall of the gastric upper body.

Thyroid-related hormones as potential markers of hypoxia/ischemia.

This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the thyroid-related hormones as markers of acute systemic hypoxia/ischemia to identify deaths caused by asphyxiation due to neck compression in human autopsy cases. The following deaths from pathophysiological conditions were examined: mechanical asphyxia and acute/subacute blunt head injury; acute/subacute non-head blunt injury; sharp instrument injury as the hemorrhagic shock condition; drowning as alveolar injury; burn; and death due to cardiac dysfunction. Blood samples were collected from the left and right cardiac chambers and iliac veins, and serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroglobulin (Tg), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays.

Cortisol levels after cold exposure are independent of adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation.

We previously showed that postmortem serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were significantly higher in cases of hypothermia (cold exposure) than other causes of death. This study examined how the human hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and specifically cortisol, responds to hypothermia. Human samples: Autopsies on 205 subjects (147 men and 58 women; age 15-98 years, median 60 years) were performed within 3 days of death.

Case Report of an Autopsy of a Child Who Died in a Drum-Type Washing Machine Tub: Pathophysiology Resulting in Death and Assessment of Previous Literature.

The patient was a 5-year-old boy who was found in a state of cardiorespiratory arrest in the tub of a washing machine without water with the door closed. The autopsy findings included severe facial congestion and petechiae of the facial skin and palpebral conjunctiva. Several organs exhibited congestion.

Determinants of Improvement of Mid-term Ejection Fraction in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Persistent severe left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, whereas mid-term recovery of LV systolic function after AMI is associated with better long-term outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of mid-term improvement of LV ejection fraction (EF) in AMI patients. We included 210 AMI patients who had modified Simpson EF both at the index admission and mid-term follow up.

Soluble Receptor for Glycation End-products Concentration Increases Following the Treatment of Severe Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Objective: To determine the time relationships of soluble receptor for glycation end-products (sRAGE), [a decoy of the advanced glycation end-products (AGE)-RAGE axis] and D-lactate, (a metabolite of methylglyoxal) in the inflammatory response to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Methods: Sixteen children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) had blood samples obtained, 6-12 hours into treatment, at three weeks and three months post start of treatment. sRAGE and D-lactate concentrations at three months were considered baseline.