Secondary ileal lymph node metastases from rectal cancer: a case report.

Background: Colorectal cancer can invade adjacent organs, but rarely metastasizes to the regional lymph nodes (LNs) of the invaded organ. Herein, we report a case of rectal cancer invading the ileum and metastasized to the regional ileal LNs.

Case Presentation: A 77-year-old male presented abdominal pain and anorexia, diagnosed with rectal cancer invading the small intestine and concurrently metastasized to the regional LN of the intestine and liver.

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery for benign multicystic mesothelioma of the peritoneum in a young man: A case report.

Benign multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma (BMPM) is a rare condition, particularly in men, and the preoperative diagnosis poses a challenge. Here, we present a case involving single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) for BMPM in a 24-year-old man with a pelvic mass and a history of ulcerative colitis. Pelvic imaging revealed multifocal cysts, prompting the performance of SILS.

Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Originated from Appendiceal Neoplasms.

Introduction: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a disease characterized by progressive accumulation of intraperitoneal mucinous ascites produced by neoplasms in the abdominal cavity. Since the prognosis of patients with PMP remains unsatisfactory, the development of effective therapeutic drug(s) is a matter of pressing concern. Genetic analyses of PMP have clarified the frequent activation of GNAS and/or KRAS.

A case of pseudomyxoma peritonei arising from a perforated intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm that underwent cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) of pancreatic origin arising from an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is rare. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been established as the optimal treatment for PMP. However, the benefits and safety of CRS with HIPEC for treating PMP of pancreatic origin remain unclear.

A proposed new Japanese classification of synchronous peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer: A multi-institutional, prospective, observational study conducted by the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum.

Aim: To establish a new Japanese classification of synchronous peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer.

Methods: This multi-institutional, prospective, observational study enrolled patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer with synchronous peritoneal metastases. Overall survival rates were compared according to the various models using objective indicators.

Usefulness of real-time navigation using intraoperative ultrasonography for rectal cancer resection.

Introduction: At our institute, we usually perform robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer as minimally invasive surgery. It is necessary to recognize the tumor edge accurately when deciding where to place the distal cutting line of the rectum. In this article, with video presentation, we demonstrate the usefulness of intraoperative sonography (IOUS) for detecting the rectal tumor site in robotic surgery.

Usefulness of indocyanine green fluorescence-guided small intestinal bleeding site identification in small bowel resection: a report of two cases and literature review.

Small bowel bleeding that does not respond to conservative therapy requires surgical resection. However, identifying the bleeding sites intraoperatively is challenging. Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging improves diagnosis of small bowel bleeding and surgical decision-making by visualizing blood flow.

Infection control of COVID-19 in operating theaters in a designated hospital for specified infectious diseases in Japan.

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, many hospitals around the world recommended stopping elective surgery as a precaution to stop the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The number of elective surgeries was reduced in Japan due to several waves of the pandemic. This work describes the management of COVID-19 and actual polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening in operating theaters at the National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), a designated hospital for specified infectious diseases in Japan.

The primary tumor location in colorectal cancer: A focused review on its impact on surgical management.

The primary tumor location (PTL) has attracted increasing attention in recent years for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Although the underlying mechanisms for differences caused by PTL remain still unclear, right-sided colon (RCC) and left-sided colon (LCC) are now considered as distinct entities because of their different molecular profile and clinical response to surgery and chemotherapy. In this article, we review the influence of PTL particularly on surgical management of primary and metastatic CRC settings.

Current status of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal cancer is the seventh most common cancer, with an estimated 572,000 new cases, and the sixth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in 2018 with 509,000 annual worldwide deaths. Advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of devastating tumors with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5% in patients with metastatic disease. Treatment options for patients with advanced ESCC are limited.

Right-sided Bochdalek hernia in an adult with hepatic malformation and intestinal malrotation.

Background: Bochdalek hernia is a common congenital diaphragmatic defect that usually manifests with cardiopulmonary insufficiency in neonates. It is very rare in adults, and symptomatic cases are mostly left-sided. Diaphragmatic defects generally warrant immediate surgical intervention to reduce the risk of incarceration or strangulation of the displaced viscera.

Effects of COVID-19 vaccination on FDG-PET/CT imaging: A literature review.

COVID-19 vaccination using mRNA technology began at the end of 2020 in several countries, approximately 9 months after the WHO declared the new coronavirus a pandemic, and began in Japan at the end of February 2021. Several studies have reported FDG avidity in enlarged axillary lymph nodes as a specific feature of FDG-PET/CT imaging after COVID-19 vaccination. A major concern is that this finding could lead to a misdiagnosis in patients with various types of malignancy.

Prognostic value of F-FDG PET/CT with texture analysis in patients with rectal cancer treated by surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of texture analysis using pretreatment F-FDG PET/CT to predict prognosis in patients with surgically treated rectal cancer.

Methods: We analyzed 94 patients with pathologically proven rectal cancer who underwent pretreatment F-FDG PET/CT and were subsequently treated with surgery. The volume of interest of the primary tumor was defined using a threshold of 40% of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and conventional (SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume [MTV], total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) and textural PET features were extracted.

Current status of doublet combinations of platinum and fluoropyrimidines using oxaliplatin for advanced gastric cancer.

The most common treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is systemic chemotherapy. The standard treatment for advanced gastric cancer differs worldwide. In Japan, two phase III clinical trials demonstrated the non-inferiority of S-1 compared with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and superiority of cisplatin plus S-1 (CS), compared with S-1, with respect to overall survival (SPIRITS trial).

Deformation of the Pelvic Arteries Caused by Pneumoperitoneum and Postural Changes in an Animal Model.

Background/aim: We investigated pelvic arterial deformation and shift due to intraoperative pneumoperitoneum and postural changes in an animal model.

Materials And Methods: Computed tomography images of pigs were acquired in different body positions (supine, head down at 5° and 10°, right lateral recumbent at 5° and 15°) before and after insufflation. We used a free software (3D Slicer) for image analysis.

Immunohistochemical staining as supportive diagnostic tool for pseudomyxoma peritonei arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm: A report of two cases and literature review.

Background/objectives: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) arising from an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) is a rare condition. The diagnosis of IPMN as the origin of PMP is mainly inferred from the clinical course and the exclusion of PMP from other organs. The pathological diagnosis has not yet been established.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei: visceral scalloping on CT is a predictor of recurrence after complete cytoreductive surgery.

Objectives: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is characterized by peritoneal dissemination of gelatinous ascites following rupture of a mucinous tumor. Treatment by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) has improved its prognosis. Although visceral scalloping, notably liver scalloping, on computed tomography (CT) is a typical feature of PMP, its prognostic value remains unknown.

Complete remission of multiple liver metastases with only partial response of the primary rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Colorectal cancer is commonly diagnosed among the Japanese population, and various strategies in treating the colorectal liver metastasis have been introduced over the years. Here, we present a case of colorectal liver metastases in which we devised a multidisciplinary treatment plan for a better prognosis.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 44-year-old female who developed rectal cancer with advanced synchronous liver metastases and was treated by a liver-first surgical approach following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Hepatectomy for metachronous colorectal liver metastases following complete cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal metastases: a report of three cases.

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for peritoneal metastasis (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported to substantially improve the prognosis and the quality of life of patients in comparison to systemic chemotherapy or palliative approaches. This study aimed to demonstrate the safety and feasibility of hepatectomy for metachronous liver metastases from CRC following CRS and HIPEC for PM on the basis of three case reports.

Case Presentation: We describe three cases involving patients who underwent hepatectomy for metachronous liver metastases from CRC after CRS and HIPEC for PM.

Nomogram Predicting Survival After Recurrence in Patients With Stage I to III Colon Cancer: A Nationwide Multicenter Study.

Background: Although a number of studies have been conducted to investigate factors affecting colon cancer recurrence and patient overall survival after surgical treatment, no prognostic risk models have been proposed for predicting survival specifically after postsurgical recurrence.

Objective: We aimed to identify factors affecting the survival of the patients with recurrent colon cancer and to construct a nomogram for predicting their survival.

Design: This was a retrospective study.

Prognostic impact of doublecortin-like kinase 1 expression in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a standard therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer; however, the response varies depending on cases. Therefore, CRT-response predictors need to be elucidated. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), comprising a small part of tumors, are associated with tumor progression and recurrence due to their self-renewal and proliferation abilities.

Recent advances in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been actively used in Europe and the United States to treat advanced low rectal cancer, and provides excellent local control. In Japan, however, the standard treatment is lateral lymph node dissection, and to date CRT has not been actively used. In recent years, an increasing number of Japanese institutions have been using preoperative CRT to treat locally advanced rectal cancer.

Smoking and tumor obstruction are risk factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic anterior resection during rectal cancer treatment.

Objectives: To clarify the surgical outcomes and risk factors for anastomotic leakage (AL) following laparoscopic anterior resection (Lap-AR) for the treatment of rectal cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 175 consecutive primary rectal cancer patients who had undergone Lap-AR at our institution between April 2012 and November 2015. Patient, tumor, and surgical variables were analyzed using univariate analyses.