Patterns of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for chorioretinal vascular diseases: Analysis of a nationwide claims database in Japan.

Background: Although intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy is currently considered the first-line treatment for chorioretinal vascular diseases in Japan, information regarding its treatment pattern is scarce. This study investigated the patterns of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for chorioretinal vascular diseases.

Methods: A health insurance claims database from acute care hospitals was used to estimate treatment intervals and continuation and drop-out rates regarding the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor.

Prevalence, treatment status, medical costs, quality of life, and productivity loss in Japanese adult patients with anemia: a real-world database study.

Aims: To investigate the prevalence, treatment status, and effect of anemia on medical costs, quality of life (QOL), and productivity loss in Japan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used a database containing claims, health check-ups, and questionnaire data. Adults with hemoglobin data at 2020 check-ups were included.

Estimation of Intangible Costs for Factors Associated with Oral Antiviral Drugs for COVID-19 Treatment: A Conjoint Analysis in Japan.

Introduction: During the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, preferences for factors associated with vaccines have been evaluated. Three oral antiviral drugs have been approved in Japan for patients with mild-to-moderate I COVID-19 symptoms. Although preferences for the drugs may also depend on various factors, these have not been fully evaluated.

In-Hospital Outcomes of Heart Failure Patients with Valvular Heart Disease: Insights from Real-World Claims Data.

Purpose: Heart failure (HF) is a serious public health burden that is rapidly increasing in the aging population. Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a known etiology of heart failure (HF); however, the impact of VHD on outcomes of patients with HF has not been well-studied in Japan. This study aimed to determine the rates of VHD in Japanese patients admitted for HF and explore associations of VHD with in-hospital outcomes through a claim-based analysis.

Prescription patterns and therapeutic effects of second-line drugs in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Analysis of claims data for metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as the first-line hypoglycemic agents.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) and metformin are the most frequently prescribed first-line drugs for Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated the risk of cardiovascular events by second-line treatment type in these patients.

Research Design And Methods: Patients with T2D, prescribed either metformin or DPP4i as a first-line drug, were identified in claims data from Japanese acute care hospitals.

Valvular heart disease in Japan: Characteristics and treatment of patients in acute care hospitals in 2019.

Background: Valvular heart disease (VHD) is one of the commonest causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, with acquired VHD especially prevalent in countries with aging populations. The scope and pattern of disease are not well understood, as some patients are asymptomatic and available options for invasive treatment vary by affected valve. We sought to understand the burden of VHD in Japan including the distribution of patients by valve disease type and age, using administrative claims data from acute care hospitals.

Disease trends after eradication based on Japanese nationwide claims and the health check-up database.

Background: () infection is a risk factor for many diseases, including peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. While eradication therapy can prevent these diseases, potentially unfavorable effects of eradication therapy have also been reported in some diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett's esophagus (BE), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), allergic diseases, and metabolic diseases. Consequently, both positive and negative impacts should be considered when assessing the effects of eradication therapy.

Estimation of the utilities of attributes of intravenous iron infusion treatment for patients with iron-deficiency anemia: a conjoint analysis in Japan.

Aims: This study aimed to estimate the utility values of the factors associated with intravenous (IV) iron infusion treatment in Japanese patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) from the patient's perspective.

Methods: A conjoint analysis based on online survey data was conducted in May 2022 (registration number: UMIN000047756). Respondents in the main group were selected from the general population (20-69 years).

Current treatment status of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Japan based on a claims database analysis.

Background: Treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has changed over the past decades. Understanding the actual status of IPF treatment and evaluating the consistency of the guidelines are important for improving the treatment strategy. However, the relevant information is insufficient in Japan.

Incidence and changes in treatment of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Japan: A claims-based retrospective study.

Background: Acute exacerbation is an essential prognostic factor in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and is the leading cause of death in Japanese patients with IPF. Its epidemiology, treatment status, and effect on IPF progression have been insufficiently investigated. We examined the incidence of acute exacerbation and treatment status before and after the onset of acute exacerbation in Japanese patients with IPF to provide basic information for treatment strategies.

Treatment Status and Healthcare Cost Trends for Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Japan: A Claims Database Analysis.

Introduction: The healthcare situation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its course are not being thoroughly investigated in Japan. We aimed to examine the current healthcare situation, including treatment and healthcare costs, of MS according to duration since its first diagnosis using Japanese real-world data to determine unidentified healthcare issues at each disease stage.

Methods: This retrospective, non-comparative, non-interventional study used a Japanese nationwide claims database (April 2008-August 2018) comprising 20 million patients from 329 acute care hospitals (as of June 2018).

Comparison of the effects on cardiovascular events between use of metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as the first-line hypoglycaemic agents in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a claims database analysis.

Objectives: To compare the risk of cardiovascular events from the initiation of therapy between metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) as first-line therapy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using two claims databases.

Setting: The MDV database (provided by Medical Data Vision) comprised data from acute care hospitals, and the JMDC database (provided by JMDC) comprised data from individuals covered by health insurance societies.

Prevalence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Japan based on a claims database analysis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a cryptogenic chronic interstitial pneumonia with progressive fibrosis and a poor prognosis. A substantial number of epidemiological studies have been conducted in Europe and the United States (US). In contrast, in Japan, only one study reported the prevalence of IPF (10.

Changes in Platelet Counts and Thrombocytopenia Risk in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease with Different Etiologies Using Real-World Japanese Data.

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia, a common complication of chronic liver disease (CLD), adversely affects the treatment in patients requiring invasive procedures. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to the development of thrombocytopenia; thus, its incidence could differ among CLD etiologies. We investigated the risk of decline in platelet counts and developing thrombocytopenia across different CLDs in a real-world Japanese setting.

Efficacy and Safety of Metformin Versus the Other Oral Antidiabetic Drugs in Japanese Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Network Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Although metformin is recommended as a first-line treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Western countries, no specific treatment is recommended in Japan, and various agents are used. Metformin has long been used at low doses in Japan, and information regarding its effect at the maximum maintenance dose is lacking. Here, we compared the efficacy and safety of metformin at 1500 mg/day with those of the other oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) approved in Japan.

Estimation of the cost of influenza antiviral medication guidance or support provided by healthcare professionals: a questionnaire survey in Japan.

Aims: To estimate the cost of antiviral medication guidance and/or support from the perspective of healthcare professionals by administration route (oral or inhalant).

Methods: An online survey (December 2020) was conducted among physicians, pharmacists, and certified care workers. Those aged 20-64 years working in workplaces with experience of prescribing (physicians) or dispensing (pharmacists) antivirals for influenza, or having care service recipients who took antivirals (certified care workers) since October 2018, were selected through screening questions.

Effects of Lusutrombopag on Post-invasive Procedural Bleeding in Thrombocytopenic Patients with Chronic Liver Disease.

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia can increase the bleeding risk in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) undergoing invasive procedures. Prophylactic platelet transfusion (PT) is often performed to increase platelet counts in patients with CLD undergoing invasive procedures to prevent bleeding. Lusutrombopag, a small-molecule thrombopoietin receptor agonist, is expected to be an alternative therapy to prophylactic PT.

Comparative Effects of Metformin and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Japanese Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Claims Database Study.

Introduction: Metformin has demonstrated favorable effects on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), regardless of the body mass index (BMI). On the contrary, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) are reportedly less effective in patients having high BMI values (≥ 25 or ≥ 30). The aim of this study was to compare metformin and DPP-4is as first-line treatment for their effects on glycemic control and improvement of other health outcomes among obese and non-obese Japanese patients with T2D.

A Claims Database Analysis of Dose-Dependency of Metformin and Incidence of Lactic Acidosis in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japan are prescribed a lower dose of metformin that their counterparts in Western countries due to concerns for the risk of lactic acidosis incidence. Here we report our study on the association between high-dose metformin administration and the incidence of lactic acidosis in Japanese patients with T2D.

Methods: A Japanese claims database (April 2008-November 2018) was analyzed.

Effects of Increasing Metformin Dose vs Adding/Switching to Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Metformin has dose-dependent hypoglycemic effects on patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In Japan, metformin has been prescribed at lower doses than in Western countries. We analyzed the effect of increasing the metformin dose on glycemic control and compared it to a combination therapy with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) and a replacement therapy with DPP-4i.

Estimation of the value of convenience in taking influenza antivirals in Japanese adult patients between baloxavir marboxil and neuraminidase inhibitors using a conjoint analysis.

Aims: Estimating the monetary value of the convenience of using influenza antivirals approved in Japan from a patient perspective using a conjoint analysis.

Methods: An online survey (August 2020) was performed on individuals aged 20-64 years living in Japan who had taken oral or inhalant antivirals for influenza treatment in the 2018/19 or 2019/20 seasons. Efficacy and safety were assumed to be equivalent among the antivirals.

The structure of importin α and the nuclear localization peptide of ChREBP, and small compound inhibitors of ChREBP-importin α interactions.

The carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a glucose-responsive transcription factor that plays a critical role in glucose-mediated induction of genes involved in hepatic glycolysis and lipogenesis. In response to fluctuating blood glucose levels ChREBP activity is regulated mainly by nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of ChREBP. Under high glucose ChREBP binds to importin α and importin β and translocates into the nucleus to initiate transcription.