Changes in 5-Fluorouracil-induced external granular cell damage during the time-course of the developing cerebellum of infant rats.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent that blocks DNA synthesis and replication by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase. This study aimed to elucidate 5-FU-induced changes in the external granular cells (EGCs) in the cerebellum of infant rats and the possible underlying mechanism. Six-day-old infant rats were injected subcutaneously with 40 mg/kg of 5-FU, and their cerebellums were examined at 6, 9, 12, and 24 h after treatment (HAT), and 2, 4, and 10 d after treatment (DAT).

A possible critical dosing period of p-cumylphenol for development of cystic kidneys in rat neonates.

In accordance with a previous report on cystic kidneys induced in rat neonates when dosed with p-cumylphenol (PCP) for 18 days from postnatal day (PND) 4, 3 rat neonates were dosed with PCP once a day for 14 days, either from PND 14, 21, 28, 35, or 42 as W2, W3, W4, W5, and W6 groups, respectively, to investigate whether dosing periods in different PNDs influenced the development of cystic renal tubules. The lesion was striking in the W2 group and at a lesser magnitude in the W3 group, whereas either kidney was unaffected when dosing was initiated beyond PND 28. These findings, together with the results from the previous study, suggested that PND 14-28 is a critical dosing period for PCP to develop cystic kidneys in rat neonates.

Spontaneous well-differentiated pancreatic islet cell carcinoma with vascular invasion in a male F344 rat.

This case report describes a case of spontaneous pancreatic islet cell carcinoma with vascular invasion in a 110-week-old male F344 rat. Histologically, a pancreatic nodule consisting of tumor cells and many blood-rich vessels, and covered with a fibrous capsule showed local invasion in the capsule and adjacent acinar tissues, encircling a large duct-like structure (DS). The tumor was composed of well-differentiated tumor cells resembling normal pancreatic islet cells, which had small round nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm.

Anterior segment dysmorphogenesis of the eye and glaucoma in MG-W gerbils.

Unilaterally swollen eyes were histopathologically characterized in four MG-W gerbils. The primary lesions resided in the anterior segment of the eye where neural crest cells play a critical role in embryonic development. They included indistinct filtration angle, unformed canal of Schlemm, hypoplastic iris, and ciliary body.

13-Weeks subchronic toxicity of isoquercitrin-γ-cyclodextrin (IQC-γCD) molecular inclusion complex in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Flavonoids such as quercetin and its glycoside Isoquercitrin and are abundantly present in the diet and have various pharmacological effects. However, limited data about its potential toxicity is available. In this study, we aim to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of the isoquercitrin-γ-cyclodextrin (IQC-γCD) molecular inclusion complex (SunActive® QCD/EN) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Spontaneous renal tumors suspected of being familial in sprague-dawley rats.

Spontaneous renal tubule tumors (RTTs), with a distinctive morphological phenotype, were present in three Sprague-Dawley rats, 1 male and 2 females, out a total of 120 animals of each sex from untreated and placebo control groups in a 2-year carcinogenicity study. One female had one carcinoma, adenoma and hyperplasia, and the other female had five adenomas and many hyperplastic lesions; the male case had one carcinoma. From these cases, a biological continuum of hyperplasia, adenoma and carcinoma could be recognized.

Sequence of busulfan-induced neural progenitor cell damage in the fetal rat brain.

The sequence of neural progenitor cell (NPC) damage induced in fetal rat brain by transplacental exposure to busulfan, an antineoplastic bifunctional-alkylating agent, on gestational day 13 was examined by immunohistochemical and real-time RT-PCR analyses. Following busulfan treatment, pyknotic NPCs first appeared in the medial layer and then extended to the dorsal layer of the ventricular zone (VZ) of the telencephalon. Pyknotic NPCs that were immunohistochemically positive for cleaved caspase-3, i.

Distribution and sequence of pyknotic cells in rat fetuses exposed to busulfan.

Busulfan, an antineoplastic bifunctional-alkylating agent, is known to induce developmental anomalies. In the present study, we examined the distribution and sequence of pyknotic cells in rat fetal tissues exposed to busulfan. Pregnant rats on gestation day 13 were administered intraperitoneally 30 mg/kg of busulfan, and fetal tissues were examined at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 hours after treatment (HAT).

Renal Tubular Cyst Formation in Newborn Rats Treated with p-Cumylphenol.

In this study, we investigated the sequential changes in the development of renal tubular cysts in newborn rats treated with p-cumylphenol (PCP). Fifteen animals per sex were treated orally with 300 mg/kg/day of PCP for up to 18 days from postnatal day (PND) 4 and were sacrificed on PNDs 8, 12, 19 and 22 and after a 7 day recovery period. On PNDs 8 and 12, slight dilatation of the collecting ducts was frequently observed in the medulla and slight papillary necrosis was also noted in some cases.

Study of thermodynamic parameters for solubilization of plant sterol and stanol in bile salt micelles.

We investigated the difference between the molecular structures of plant sterols and stanols that affect the solubilization of cholesterol in bile salt micelles (in vitro study). First, the aqueous solubility of beta-sitosterol, beta-sitostanol, and campesterol was determined by considering the specific radioactivity by using a fairly small quantity of each radiolabeled compound. The order of their aqueous solubilities was as follows: cholesterol > campesterol > beta-sitostanol > beta-sitosterol.