Publications by authors named "Tomomi Kamba"
Background/aim: α1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP), also known as orosomucoid, is an acute-phase protein that has been found increased in plasma of cancer patients. This study investigates the role of AGP expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its association with clinical outcomes.
Materials And Methods: We investigated the correlation between AGP levels and the prognosis of ccRCC through an analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.
-rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma (TFE3-RCC) is an aggressive subtype of RCC characterized by Xp11.2 rearrangement, leading to TFE3 fusion proteins with oncogenic potential. Despite advances in understanding its molecular biology, effective therapies for advanced cases remain elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurposes: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Super-Resolution Deep Learning Reconstruction (SR-DLR) -a deep learning-based technique that enhances image resolution and quality during MRI reconstruction- in improving the image quality of thin-slice 3D T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) assessment in prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
Methods: This retrospective study included 33 patients who underwent prostate MRI with SR-DLR between November 2022 and April 2023. Thin-slice 3D-T2WI of the prostate was obtained and reconstructed with and without SR-DLR (matrix: 720 × 720 and 240 × 240, respectively).
Objectives: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a well-known acute-phase protein that increases remarkably under various inflammatory conditions and is elevated in patients with malignant tumors. In this study, we investigated the influence of CRP on the tumor microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
Methods: This study explored CRP's role in ccRCC by co-culturing human macrophages with ccRCC cells and employing antibody blocking, RNA sequencing and experiments for functional insights.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to improve predictions of castration resistance in advanced prostate cancer during primary androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) by combining genetic and clinical data using machine learning techniques.
- Researchers utilized clinical data and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Japanese patients treated in the KYUCOG-1401-A study and tested multiple machine learning algorithms, finding that the point-wise linear (PWL) algorithm provided the best predictive performance.
- Results indicated that models incorporating SNPs outperformed clinical data alone in predicting outcomes, showing promise for better treatment choices in advanced prostate cancer management.
Purpose: No study has compared cancer regression (d) and growth (g) rates in patients with advanced castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) treated with androgen deprivation therapy. The comparison of d and g rates provides insight into the differential impact of ADT regimens on tumor dynamics, potentially guiding more personalized treatment strategies. Therefore, we aimed to estimate these rates and evaluate their impact on survival outcomes.
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- - This study analyzed the effectiveness of combined androgen blockade (CAB) using bicalutamide (Bic-CAB) as a first-line treatment for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) in Japan, evaluating patient data from 2007 to 2017.
- - From 159 patients reviewed, nearly half had prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression, with a median overall survival of about 72.9 months; a significant number achieved low PSA levels quickly.
- - The research suggests that patients with low initial PSA and minimal changes had excellent long-term survival rates, indicating that Bic-CAB treatment adjusted based on PSA results could be beneficial for low-risk mHSPC patients.
Article Synopsis
- Immunohistochemistry revealed high CD74 expression in both cancer cells (98% of cases) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) (91% of cases), indicating its potential role in ccRCC development.
- In laboratory studies, CD74 signaling was shown to enhance cancer cell proliferation and macrophage activation, although it did not affect macrophage-driven cancer cell growth, suggesting differing roles in these cell types.
Immune checkpoint blockade therapies are widely used for cancer treatment, including advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study aimed to investigate the impact of zygosity in HLA genes and individual HLA genotypes on the efficacy of an anti-PD-1 Ab, nivolumab, in treating advanced RCC. Patient enrollment was conducted across 23 institutions in Japan from August 19, 2019, to September 30, 2020, with follow-up concluding on March 31, 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of human leukocyte antigen genotype on survival in advanced prostate cancer treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy: the KYUCOG-1401-A study.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis
February 2024
Background: Immune editing, in which human leukocyte antigens (HLA) have critical roles, has been suggested to shape the landscape of human cancer. This study prospectively investigated whether HLA gene zygosity is associated with the prognosis of primary androgen deprivation therapy in advanced prostate cancer.
Methods: KYUCOG-1401-A was conducted in conjunction with a prospective clinical trial (KYUCOG-1401).
Objective: Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare condition, with limited comprehensive reports from Japan. This study aimed to review Japan's data on adrenocortical carcinoma by assessing information from 46 patients-with adrenocortical carcinoma across 10 Japanese university hospitals.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective multi-institutional analysis of the clinical characteristics of adrenocortical carcinoma in Japan.
Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and safety of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist monotherapy to combined androgen blockade (CAB) with a GnRH agonist and bicalutamide in patients with advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC).
Methods: The study was conducted as KYUCOG-1401 trial (UMIN000014243) and enrolled 200 patients who were randomly assigned to either group A (GnRH antagonist monotherapy followed by the addition of bicalutamide) or group B (CAB by a GnRH agonist and bicalutamide). The primary endpoint was PSA progression-free survival.
Serpinb9 is an inhibitor of granzyme B and is potentially involved in the immune escape of tumor cells. In the present study, bioinformatics analysis using open databases suggested that SerpinB9 is overexpressed in testicular embryonal carcinoma. Immunohistological analysis was performed on 28 cases of testicular germ cell tumors to investigate the relationship between SerpinB9 expression in testicular germ cell tumors and the tumor immune environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSinus macrophages in draining lymph nodes (DLNs) are involved in anti-tumor immune reactions. CD169 (Sialoadhesin, Siglec-1) is expressed on sinus macrophages and is considered a surrogate marker for the immunostimulatory phenotype of macrophages. In this study, the significance of sinus macrophages in immunotherapy was evaluated using mouse models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study is part of the SNPs in Nivolumab PD-1 inhibitor for RCC (SNiP-RCC). Here we aimed to reveal clinical factors for tumor response, progression, and survival in nivolumab for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in Japanese patients.
Methods: We included patients from 23 institutions in Japan.
Loss or downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) contributes to tumor immune evasion. We previously demonstrated that angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) promotes tumor progression using a Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) mouse model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare RCC subtype, and FH-deficient RCC may be misdiagnosed as another type of RCC, such as type 2 papillary RCC or collecting duct carcinoma. FH and 2-succinocysteine (2SC) are useful diagnostic markers for FH-deficient RCC and can be measured using immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Case Report: A 30-year-old female with 3-month history of fatigue and left-flank mass was diagnosed with a 20×13×10 cm left-side renal mass with massive inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus that extended into the right atrium.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze real-world outcomes for penile cancer patients in the Kyushu-Okinawa area before Japan's practice guidelines were introduced, using data from January 2009 to December 2020.
- A total of 196 patients with varying clinical stages of penile squamous cell carcinoma were included, showing a median follow-up of 26 months and five-year overall and cancer-specific survival rates of 74.3% and 79.8%, respectively.
- The research identified key independent prognostic factors affecting survival, such as clinical node involvement (cN ≥ 2), performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ≥ 1), and tumor stage (cT ≥ 3), highlighting the need for further studies on penile
Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has been widely used for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. However, prognosis and adverse events (AEs) vary among patients. This study aimed to identify genetic markers able to predict the outcome of ADT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently improved the prognosis of various cancers. By contrast, some immune-related adverse events (irAEs) caused by ICIs are fatal and have become problematic. The pathogenesis of irAEs remains unknown and must be elucidated to establish biomarkers.
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- Sicca syndrome, characterized by dry mouth, can occasionally occur as an immune-related side effect of cancer treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors.
- A case study of a 70-year-old man treated for metastatic renal cell carcinoma revealed that he developed sicca syndrome after receiving ipilimumab and nivolumab.
- The patient's symptoms improved after 36 weeks of treatment with pilocarpine hydrochloride, demonstrating that sicca syndrome can be managed without stopping immunotherapy.
[Ⅳ. The First Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines on Penile Cancer 2021].
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho
January 2023
Article Synopsis
- Anti-PD-1 antibodies like nivolumab are used to treat advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but patient responses vary, leading to this study aimed at finding genetic markers that could predict treatment outcomes.
- The study involved patient enrollment across 23 institutions in Japan, with a focus on analyzing specific genetic variations (SNPs) in genes related to immune response after nivolumab treatment.
- Key findings indicated that SNPs in the FARP1 and PDCD1LG2 genes were linked to better treatment responses and progression-free survival, suggesting these genetic markers could help tailor personalized cancer therapies.
Background: Management of pelvic node-positive prostate cancer has been challenging and controversial. We conducted a study to evaluate the outcomes of whole-pelvic (WP) simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).
Methods: A total of 67 consecutive patients with cT1c-4N1M0 prostate cancer were definitively treated by WP SIB-IMRT.
Introduction: Most seminal vesicle malignancies are secondary to prostate or bladder cancer. Herein, we report a case of primary clear cell carcinoma of the seminal vesicle.
Case Presentation: A 27-year-old man was referred to our department for hematospermia and macroscopic hematuria.