Validity and reliability of the Japanese versions of the coronavirus anxiety scale for adolescents and obsession with COVID-19 scale for adolescents.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused mental health issues in both adults and adolescents. The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) and Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) questionnaires measure anxiety and persistent and disturbed thoughts (also known as obsessions) related to COVID-19. We developed Japanese versions of the CAS (, CAS-JA) and OCS (, OCS-JA) questionnaires to make them suitable for adolescents and validated the characteristics of these scales.

Eye Movement Abnormalities in Major Depressive Disorder.

Despite their high lifetime prevalence, major depressive disorder (MDD) is often difficult to diagnose, and there is a need for useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of MDD. Eye movements are considered a non-invasive potential biomarker for the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. However, eye movement deficits in MDD remain unclear.

Practical applications of brief screening questionnaires for autism spectrum disorder in a psychiatry outpatient setting.

Objectives: This study was designed to examine the diagnostic performance of the social and communication disorders checklist (SCDC) and strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) to detect autism spectrum conditions (ASC), along with the social responsiveness scale-second edition (SRS-2) as reference, in a psychiatry outpatient setting.

Methods: We translated the SCDC into Japanese since its Japanese version was unavailable. We examined its test-retest reliability as well as the internal consistency reliability and diagnostic performance of the three questionnaires among 41 Japanese psychiatric outpatients, using the best-estimate diagnosis of ASC based on the diagnostic interview for social and communication disorders, as a gold standard.

A recurrent PJA1 variant in trigonocephaly and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Objective: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) often associate with epilepsy or craniofacial malformations. Recent large-scale DNA analyses identified hundreds of candidate genes for NDDs, but a large portion of the cases still remain unexplained. We aimed to identify novel candidate genes for NDDs.

Brain morphological and functional features in cognitive subgroups of schizophrenia.

Aim: Previous studies have reported different brain morphologies in different cognitive subgroups of patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to examine the brain structures and functional connectivity in these cognitive subgroups of schizophrenia.

Methods: We compared brain structures among healthy controls and cognitively deteriorated and preserved subgroups of patients with schizophrenia according to the decline in IQ.

Comparison of eye movements in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder.

Aim: Eye movement abnormalities are often associated with psychiatric illness. Subjects with either schizophrenia or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been reported to show eye movement abnormalities. However, it is still unclear whether eye movement abnormalities in schizophrenia and in ASD have common features.

The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) for DSM-5: A validation for neurodevelopmental disorders in Japanese outpatients.

Objective: The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) is a widely used semi-structured diagnostic interview in child and adolescent psychiatry. However, given the extensive use of the K-SADS-PL in clinical practice and research and its adaptation for use in many languages and cultures, validation studies of the instrument are scarce. This study was designed to examine the inter-rater reliability, criterion validity and construct validity of the updated instrument, the K-SADS-PL for DSM-5, in Japanese outpatients totaling 95 children and adolescents.

Relation Between Perinatal Depressive Symptoms, Harm Avoidance, and a History of Major Depressive Disorder: A Cohort Study of Pregnant Women in Japan.

The relationship between perinatal depressive symptoms, harm avoidance (HA), and a history of major depressive disorder (MDD) was examined in a prospective cohort study. This study was conducted from May 1, 2011, to December 31, 2016. A history of MDD was evaluated using the Inventory to Diagnose Depression, Lifetime version during pregnancy.

Methylation analysis for postpartum depression: a case control study.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major depressive disorder that occurs after childbirth. Objective diagnostic and predictive methods for PPD are important for early detection and appropriate intervention. DNA methylation has been recognized as a potential biomarker for major depressive disorder.

Changes in tryptophan metabolism during pregnancy and postpartum periods: Potential involvement in postpartum depressive symptoms.

Background: Many women experience depressive symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum periods. These depressive symptoms are often accompanied by other inflammatory morbidities present during pregnancy. Tryptophan (TRP) metabolism has attracted considerable attention due to its influence on the onset of depression via induction of inflammation.

Author Correction: Proteomic analysis of lymphoblastoid cell lines from schizophrenic patients.

The original Article required a few updates; one co-author name, which was given as Hiroki Kiumura, has been updated to Hiroki Kimura. Furthermore, supplementary information has been updated, and grant numbers have been added. These updates have been made to both the PDF and HTML versions of this Article.

Proteomic analysis of lymphoblastoid cell lines from schizophrenic patients.

Although a number of studies have identified several convincing candidate genes or molecules, the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) has not been completely elucidated. Therapeutic optimization based on pathophysiology should be performed as early as possible to improve functional outcomes and prognosis; to detect useful biomarkers for SCZ, which reflect pathophysiology and can be utilized for timely diagnosis and effective therapy. To explore biomarkers for SCZ, we employed fluorescence two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) of lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) (1st sample set: 30 SCZ and 30 CON).

Genetic Overlap between General Cognitive Function and Schizophrenia: A Review of Cognitive GWASs.

General cognitive (intelligence) function is substantially heritable, and is a major determinant of economic and health-related life outcomes. Cognitive impairments and intelligence decline are core features of schizophrenia which are evident before the onset of the illness. Genetic overlaps between cognitive impairments and the vulnerability for the illness have been suggested.

Comparative Analyses of Copy-Number Variation in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Schizophrenia Reveal Etiological Overlap and Biological Insights.

Compelling evidence in Caucasian populations suggests a role for copy-number variations (CNVs) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). We analyzed 1,108 ASD cases, 2,458 SCZ cases, and 2,095 controls in a Japanese population and confirmed an increased burden of rare exonic CNVs in both disorders. Clinically significant (or pathogenic) CNVs, including those at 29 loci common to both disorders, were found in about 8% of ASD and SCZ cases, which was significantly higher than in controls.

Postpartum depression among women in Nagoya indirectly exposed to the Great East Japan Earthquake.

This study aimed to assess the situation of postpartum depression and maternal bonding in Nagoya, a city distant from the epicenter of the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011. Among the participants at 1 month after childbirth between March 11, 2010 and March 10, 2013 (n = 188), 152 fully responded to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Mother-Infant Bonding Questionnaire (MIBQ). They were divided into pre-quake (n = 58), and 0-6, 6-12, 12-18, and 18-24 months after the earthquake groups (n = 20, 26, 29, and 19, respectively).

Abnormalities of eye movement are associated with work hours in schizophrenia.

Eye movement abnormalities have been reported in schizophrenia; however, their influences on everyday life remain unknown. From data on 69 subjects with schizophrenia and 246 healthy subjects, we found positive correlations between eye movement measures and work hours, which were only significant in subjects with schizophrenia. This relationship was also confirmed in a multi-site dataset including 118 subjects with schizophrenia and 280 healthy subjects.

Social support helps protect against perinatal bonding failure and depression among mothers: a prospective cohort study.

Causal relationships between perinatal bonding failure, depression, and social support among mothers remain unclear. A total of 494 women (mean age 32.4 ± 4.

Relationship between maternal depression and bonding failure: A prospective cohort study of pregnant women.

Aim: Although the association between maternal depression and bonding failure during pregnancy and after delivery has been investigated, the causal relationships remain unclear.

Methods: A total of 751 women (mean [SD] age, 32.1 [4.

Validation and factor analysis of mother-infant bonding questionnaire in pregnant and postpartum women in Japan.

Background: The Mother-Infant Bonding Questionnaire (MIBQ) has been widely used to assess maternal emotional involvement with infants. Although the reliability and validity of the MIBQ in the postpartum period has been confirmed, it remains unclear whether the MIBQ is appropriate to assess maternal bonding in both pregnancy and the postpartum period over time. Our study were aimed to 1) examine the reliability and validity of the MIBQ for clinical use among pregnant and postpartum women; and 2) examine the factor structure of the items, create subscales, and confirm the stability of the MIBQ in the pregnancy and postpartum periods.