in Japanese Oral Microbiota: A Cross-Sectional Study of Six Geographic Regions in Japan.

Introduction: was reclassified from the genotype D, and reports show its frequent detection in HIV-positive individuals and easy acquisition of antifungal drug resistance. However, the oral carriage rate in healthy people and contribution to candidiasis in Japan is unclear.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the carriage rate, performed genotyping and tested antifungal drug susceptibility and protease productivity.

Association Between Dental Caries Prevalence and Stress Levels in Japanese Children.

Introduction Early life stress (ELS) caused by abuse and bullying has increased dramatically, however, effective means for accurate detection have not been found. Some decades ago, an association between stress and dental caries was suggested. However, even now, stress is not recognized widely as a potential risk factor for caries.

NCOA4 drives ferritin phase separation to facilitate macroferritinophagy and microferritinophagy.

A ferritin particle consists of 24 ferritin proteins (FTH1 and FTL) and stores iron ions within it. During iron deficiency, ferritin particles are transported to lysosomes to release iron ions. Two transport pathways have been reported: macroautophagy and ESCRT-dependent endosomal microautophagy.

Proteome analysis of high affinity mouse saliva proteins to hydroxyapatite.

Caries sensitivity varies between the two strains of inbred mice, BALB/cA has high sensitivity and C3H/HeN has low sensitivity. One potential reason seems to be a difference in pellicle-forming saliva protein composition. Here, we performed a proteomic analysis in order to identify differences of hydroxyapatite (HAP) adsorbed saliva proteins between these two mouse strains.

() ALAL020, a Probiotic Candidate Bacterium, Produces a Cyclic Dipeptide That Suppresses the Periodontal Pathogens and .

Periodontal disease develops as a result of oral microbiota in dysbiosis, followed by the growth of periodontal pathogens such as and . In case of acute symptoms, antibacterial agents and disinfectants are administered, however the appearance of drug-resistant bacteria and allergies cause problems. In recent years, studies on the effects of probiotics have been conducted as an alternative therapy for periodontitis.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress affects mouse salivary protein secretion induced by chronic administration of an α-adrenergic agonist.

Stress stimulates both the sympathetic-adrenomedullary and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axes. Activation of these axes results in the release of catecholamines, which in turn affects salivary secretion. Thus, repetitive stimulation of the α-adrenergic receptor could be useful for studying the effects of chronic stress on the salivary gland.

Effects of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on Organic Solution and Root Surface In Vitro.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) is attracting attention as a new form of dental treatment. While it is primarily applied to produce an antibacterial effect, it decreases lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and protease activity. Here, we evaluated differences in the antibacterial activity of a-PDT on three types of bacteria and the effects on the organic substances (i.

Plaque-removal effect of ultrafine bubble water: Oral application in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

During orthodontic treatment, plaque tends to form around fixed orthodontic appliances, which increases the risk of dental caries. It has been reported that ultarafine bubble with a diameter <1 μm water (UFBW) effectively removes organic matter. In addition, UFBW is harmless and stable for at least one month with refrigeration.

Lactobacillus Plantarum 108 Inhibits Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans Mixed-Species Biofilm Formation.

is the principal biofilm forming oral pathogen associated with dental caries. Studies have shown that , a commensal oral fungus is capable of forming pathogenic mixed-species biofilms with The treatment of bacterial and fungal infections using conventional antimicrobial agents has become challenging due to the antimicrobial resistance of the biofilm mode of growth. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of secretory components of , a potentially promising probiotic strain, against and single and mixed-species biofilms.

High microbicidal effect of peroxynitric acid on biofilm-infected dentin in a root carious tooth model and verification of tissue safety.

Objectives: Root-caries, which frequently occurs in elderly people, is more difficult to treat than caries in a tooth crown, especially in filling restorations. To overcome this difficulty, it is essential to find a strategy for sufficiently sterilizing the infected dentin; however, techniques for sterilizing carious pathogens inside the biofilm, called dental plaque, have not yet been established. Recently, dental applications of plasma sterilization technology have attracted attention.

Analysis of plaque microbiota and salivary proteins adhering to dental materials.

Objectives: Plaque causes oral diseases and aspiration-pneumonia in the elderly. It is not known whether pellicle-like attached salivary proteins and microbiota on dental materials are identical to those on teeth. The purpose of this study was to determine the properties of salivary proteins and microbiota that attach to dental materials.

Analysis of oral microbiota in Japanese oral cancer patients using 16S rRNA sequencing.

Objectives: It is important to determine the cause of increasing oral cancer occurrence and mortality rates in Japan, because the mortality rate has recently decreased in other developed countries. The impact of microbiota in carcinogenesis, especially in the digestive tract has been reported. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between oral cancer and oral microbiota in Japanese patients.

A Proposal of Remedies for Oral Diseases Caused by Candida: A Mini Review.

An opportunistic pathogen, Candida is not only related to oral problems such as oral candidiasis and denture stomatitis, but also to systemic diseases such as aspiration pneumonia and fungemia. The carriage rate of Candida species in the oral cavity of individuals wearing dentures and with removable orthodontic appliances, has increased. Moreover, it is one of the causal pathogens in refractory infected root canals because of its resistance to antifungal drugs in root canal therapy and poses a great challenge during the treatment of patients.

Plasma-treated water eliminates Streptococcus mutans in infected dentin model.

Non-mechanical procedures for removing caries-infected dentin are warranted in dentistry. We previously demonstrated the marked sterilization effect for direct irradiation of low-temperature plasma using dentin model infected with Streptococcus mutans. However it requires 180 s of intraoral plasma irradiation to eliminate bacteria.

Dental plaque assessment lifelogging system using commercial camera for oral healthcare.

We present a system for estimating the dental plaque adhesion area using a commercial camera image for oral healthcare via management of the intraoral environment. In recent years, several studies have reported on the relationship between a general disease and a periodontal disease. Such studies mention that normalization of the intraoral environment by tooth brushing is the most important treatment in preventive dentistry.

Interleukin-4 released from human gingival fibroblasts reduces osteoclastogenesis.

Objective: Human gingival epithelium is continuously exposed to bacteria and acts as the first line of defense in periodontal tissues. It is crucial to maintain healthy, non-inflamed gingival tissue to avoid gingivitis and periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of IL-4 in human gingival fibroblasts (hGF) on the activation of osteoclasts.

Therapeutic Application of Synbiotics, a Fusion of Probiotics and Prebiotics, and Biogenics as a New Concept for Oral Candida Infections: A Mini Review.

Candida is a major human fungal pathogen causing infectious conditions predominantly in the elderly and immunocompromised hosts. Although Candida resides as a member of the oral indigenous microbiota in symbiosis, some circumstances may cause microbial imbalance leading to dysbiosis and resultant oral candidiasis. Therefore, oral microbial symbiosis that suppresses the overgrowth of Candida is important for a healthy oral ecosystem.

An analysis of the biofilms adhered to framework alloys using in vitro denture plaque models.

The purpose of this study was to perform a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the biofilms formed on framework alloys in vitro. The biofilms formed by unfiltered fresh human saliva or Streptococcus mutans and/or Candida albicans on commercially pure titanium and gold-copper-platinum demonstrated higher amounts than other alloy and resin samples. In contrast, the silverpalladium-copper-gold showed a significantly decreased level of biofilm formation.

Inhibitory effect of coated mannan against the adhesion of Candida biofilms to denture base resin.

The adherence of Candida on dentures is related to diseases such as denture stomatitis and aspiration pneumonia. Mannan is a major component of the Candida cell surface, and contributes to the cell adherence. A previous report indicated that the adherence of C.

Factors associated with the presence of atrophic tongue in patients with dry mouth.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors associated with atrophic tongue in patients with dry mouth.

Methods: Discriminant analysis was performed in 1265 patients with dry mouth to identify factors that might influence the risk of developing atrophic tongue. The dependent variable was the presence of atrophic tongue, while patient age, resting saliva flow rate, stimulated saliva flow rate and Candida colony-forming units (CFU) were used as the independent variables.

Effect of microbubbled water on the removal of a biofilm attached to orthodontic appliances--an in vitro study.

Orthodontic appliances often cause oral diseases such as dental caries and gingivitis due to the attachment of an oral biofilm. However, there are few reliable methods to remove the biofilm from the orthodontic appliances. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of microbubbled water on the removal of biofilms made with Streptococcus mutans or Candida albicans on orthodontic appliances.

A study for biofilm removing and antimicrobial effects by microbubbled tap water and other functional water, electrolyzed hypochlorite water and ozonated water.

The purpose of this study was to examine the biofilm removing and antimicrobial effects of microbubbled tap water and other functional water. The biofilm removal test showed that the activity of microbubbled tap water against the biofilm of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans was significantly higher than that of ordinary tap water (p<0.01).

Microbicidal activities of low frequency atmospheric pressure plasma jets on oral pathogens.

Research using low frequency atmospheric pressure plasma jets (LF jet) is becoming increasingly more common. We carried out experiments to evaluate the sterilizing effects of this technology on oral pathogenic microorganisms (S.mutans, C.

Predominant bacteria recovered from a periodontitis site in a hamster model raised by silk-ligature with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection.

We isolated oral bacteria that coexisted with Porphyromonas gingivalis in a hamster periodontitis model. As predominant bacteria in the periodontitis site, Collinsella-reltaed strains, Eubacterium-reltaed strains, Streptococcus suis-related strains, and Veillonella parvula-reltaed strains were detected. In addition, Actinomyces, Bacteroides, and P.

Interactions between salivary Bifidobacterium adolescentis and other oral bacteria: in vitro coaggregation and coadhesion assays.

Coaggregation assays were performed to investigate interactions between oral Bifidobacterium adolescentis and other oral bacterial species. Bifidobacterium adolescentis OLB6410 isolated from the saliva of healthy humans did not coaggregate with Actinomyces naeslundii JCM8350, Streptococcus mitis OLS3293, Streptococcus sanguinis JCM5708, Veillonella parvula ATCC17745 or Porphyromonas gingivalis OB7124, but it did coaggregate with Fusobacterium nucleatum JCM8532. Subsequent examination of biofilm formation on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs using FISH revealed that B.