Clinical Results and Hematologic Predictors of Linear Accelerator-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery or Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Brain Metastasis in Patients Aged 75 Years or Older: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate prognostic factors including pre-radiosurgical blood count in elderly patients (EPs) with brain metastasis (BM) who were treated using linear accelerator (LINAC)-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) with a micro-multileaf collimator.

Methods: Between January 2011 and November 2021, 101 consecutive EPs with BM were treated by LINAC-based SRS or fSRT using LINAC with a micro-multileaf collimator. EPs were defined as patients aged ≥75 years.

Association of adverse childhood experiences and cortical neurite density alterations with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be a source of significant social and daily distress in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Compared to typically developed (TD) individuals, people with ASD are at an increased risk of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which can result in abnormal neuronal development. However, whether or how ACEs influence abnormal neural development and PTSD symptoms in ASD has not been fully elucidated.

Long-Term Survival after Linac-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Radiotherapy with a Micro-Multileaf Collimator for Brain Metastasis.

Background: this study aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with long-term survival after linear accelerator (linac)-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) with a micro-multileaf collimator for brain metastasis (BM).

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 226 consecutive patients with BM who were treated with linac-based SRS or fSRT with a micro-multileaf collimator between January 2011 and December 2018. Long-term survival (LTS) was defined as survival for more than 2 years after SRS/fSRT.

Salvage Surgical Resection after Linac-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Newly Diagnosed Brain Metastasis.

Background: This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of salvage surgical resection (SSR) after stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS/fSRT) for newly diagnosed brain metastasis.

Methods: Between November 2009 and May 2020, 318 consecutive patients with 1114 brain metastases were treated with SRS/fSRT for newly diagnosed brain metastasis at our hospital. During this study period, 21 of 318 patients (6.

Linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy with a micro-multileaf collimator for brain metastasis in the primary motor cortex.

This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of linear accelerators (linac)-based, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) with a micro-multileaf collimator for brain metastasis in the primary motor cortex (BMPMC). Thirty-five consecutive patients with BMPMC who were treated by linac-based SRS or fSRT between January 2012 and March 2020 were analyzed. BMPMC was defined as a tumor located in the precentral gyrus on gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T2-weghted imaging (T2WI).

Structures Showing Negative Correlations of Signal Intensity with Postnatal Age on T-weighted Imaging of the Brain of Newborns and Infants.

Purpose: Although the neonatal and infantile brain typically shows sequential T shortening according to gestational age as a result of myelination, several structures do not follow this rule. We evaluated the relationship between the signal intensity of various structures in the neonatal and infantile brain on T-weighted imaging (TWI) and either postnatal or gestational age.

Materials And Methods: We examined magnetic resonance images from 120 newborns and infants without any abnormalities in the central nervous system.

Application of histogram analysis for the evaluation of vascular permeability in glioma by the K2 parameter obtained with the dynamic susceptibility contrast method: Comparisons with Ktrans obtained with the dynamic contrast enhance method and cerebral blood volume.

Purpose: The "K2" value is a factor that represents the vascular permeability of tumors and can be calculated from datasets obtained with the dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) method. The purpose of the current study was to correlate K2 with Ktrans, which is a well-established permeability parameter obtained with the dynamic contrast enhance (DCE) method, and determine the usefulness of K2 for glioma grading with histogram analysis.

Methods: The subjects were 22 glioma patients (Grade II: 5, III: 6, IV: 11) who underwent DSC studies, including eight patients in which both DSC and DCE studies were performed on separate days within 10days.

Dural Thickening of the Internal Auditory Canal in Patients With Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Syndrome.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the utility of dural thickening of the internal auditory canal (IAC) in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) syndrome and determined the sensitivity and specificity of this image finding.

Methods: Magnetic resonance images were evaluated for 22 cases of definite SIH and 16 cases of unlikely SIH. On contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, pachymeningeal enhancement and dural thickening of the IAC were assessed.

"Cerebellar peduncle quarter notes" formed by the superior and middle cerebellar peduncles: comparison with a diffusion tensor study of spinocerebellar degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate morphological changes of the superior and middle cerebellar peduncles (SCP, MCP) in spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) by observing "cerebellar peduncle quarter notes".

Materials And Methods: We examined 21 patients with SCD, including nine patients with multiple system atrophy cerebellar type (MSA-C), and 24 controls. We measured SCP angle and performed diffusion tensor analysis to quantify the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the MCP.

Comparison between two separate injections and a single injection of double-dose contrast medium for contrast-enhanced MR imaging of metastatic brain tumors.

Purpose: As stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) becomes widespread, precise information including number, location, and margin of lesions is required when magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of brain metastasis is performed. We compare methods using 2 separate injections and a single injection for the administration of a double dose of contrast medium for contrastenhanced MR imaging.

Materials And Methods: We divided 40 patients with brain metastasis into 2 groups of 20 patients.

Simple technique for gasless transumbilical single-incisional laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy.

Purpose: Single-incision laparoscopic surgery has recently received more attention. We developed a novel simple technique of gasless transumbilical single-incisional laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy (TUSILAA) and retrospectively analyzed our initial experience.

Methods: TUSILAA has been attempted in 50 consecutive patients with acute appendicitis.

Safety and feasibility for single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy in local community hospital: a retrospective comparison with conventional 4-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility for single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) by retrospective comparison with conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) in a local community hospital.

Methods: SILC was introduced and performed in 57 patients for benign gallbladder diseases. Their clinical data were compared with those of 62 patients treated with CLC.

Accuracy for predicting adhesion between meningioma and the brain by using brain surface motion imaging: comparison between single and double acquisition methods.

Introduction: The presence of adhesions between the brain and the meningioma is an important factor that determines the success of total surgical removal. Brain surface motion imaging enables assessment of the dynamics of brain surface motion. A subtraction image of pulse-gated heavily T2-weighted images in different phases of the cardiac cycle provides a stripe pattern on the surface of the pulsating brain.

Application of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) for evaluation of draining veins of arteriovenous malformation: utility of magnitude images.

Introduction: The current study evaluated the signal characteristics of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) of arteriovenous malformation (AVM), especially for draining veins. For this purpose, we identified the draining veins of the AVM on angiography and evaluated the signal on magnitude image for SWI (SWI-mag) and minimum intensity projection image (SWI-minIP).

Methods: Subjects were 14 cases with angiographically proven AVM.

Branching pattern of lenticulostriate arteries observed by MR angiography at 3.0 T.

Purpose: We hypothesized that the pattern of branching of the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) is involved in the variation of the distribution of the infarction within the LSA region. Our purpose was to evaluate the visibility of LSAs in 3D time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) with a 3.0 T scanner and to investigate the branching patterns of LSAs.

Discrepancy in T1 and T2 shortening of the globus pallidus in hepatic insufficiency: evaluation by susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Purpose: We assessed the signal of the globus pallidus (GP) in cases of hepatic insufficiency, especially to evaluate the degree of discrepancy in paramagnetic effects on shortening of T(1) and T(2)* using susceptibility-weighted images (SWI).

Materials And Methods: Seven patients with hepatic insufficiency underwent magnetic resonance (MR) examinations that included T(1)-weighted images (T(1)WI), T(2)-weighted images (T(2)WI), and SWI on a 1.5-tesla MR imager, and we compared their results to those of controls.

Diffuse vascular injury: convergent-type hemorrhage in the supratentorial white matter on susceptibility-weighted image in cases of severe traumatic brain damage.

Introduction: Susceptibility-weighted image (SWI) is one of the most sensitive methods for detect microbleeding and useful for evaluation of traumatic brain damage. The purpose of this study is to delineate the characteristics and importance of supratentorial deep white matter hemorrhages detected by SWI in cases of traumatic brain damage.

Methods: Twenty-one consecutive cases with severe traumatic head injury were included in the current study.

Paeonianins A-E, new dimeric and monomeric ellagitannins from the fruits of Paeonia lactiflora.

Four new dimeric ellagitannins, paeonianins A-D (2-5), were isolated from the fruits of Paeonia lactiflora, together with a new ellagitannin monomer, paeonianin E (1). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Paeonianins A-D (2-5) are positional isomers formed by condensation of pentagalloyl-beta-D-glucose (8) with 5-desgalloylstachyurin (6) or casuariin (7).