Photodegradation of the phenylpyrazole insecticide ethiprole in aquatic environments and a comparison with fipronil.

Ethiprole (ETH) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that is used worldwide as an alternative to fipronil (FIP). Research on the photodegradation of ETH in aquatic environments has been limited compared with that on FIP. In this study, to clarify the photodegradation of ETH in aquatic systems, the photodegradation pathway and products were investigated using liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Photodegradation of the insecticide fipronil in aquatic environments: photo-dechlorination processes and products.

Fipronil (FIP) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that, along with neonicotinoid insecticides, is regularly used worldwide. Photodegradation of FIP in aqueous systems is thought mainly to involve the reaction of desulfinylation to give fipronil desulfinyl (FIP-desulfinyl); however, little is known about further degradation reactions. We investigated FIP photodegradation by analyzing photodegradation products by liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry using an Orbitrap instrument.

Proximity Labeling and Proteomics: Get to Know Neighbors.

Protein-protein interactions are essential in biological reactions and fundamental to cell-cell communication (e.g., the binding of secreted proteins, such as hormones, to cell membrane receptors) and the subsequent intracellular signal transduction cascade.

Migration of terephthalate from scraps of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) in water and artificial seawater.

We report the migration of terephthalate and some low molecular weight organic compounds from poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) scraps in Milli-Q water and artificial seawater (ASW). The photochemical processes and the subsequent dark reactions were investigated using PET scraps obtained from postconsumer bottles of commercial non‑carbonated mineral water. Concentrations of terephthalate exponentially increased with irradiation time, reaching approximately 6-8 μmol L in ASW after 80 h irradiation.

Production of Agrocinopine A by Agrocinopine Synthase in Transgenic Tobacco and Its Effect on the Rhizosphere Microbial Community.

is a bacterial pathogen that causes crown gall disease on a wide range of eudicot plants by genetic transformation. Besides T-DNA integrated by natural transformation of plant vegetative tissues by pathogenic spp., previous reports have indicated that T-DNA sequences originating from an ancestral sp.

Majority-Rules Effect and Allostery in Molecular Recognition of Calix[4]arene-Based Triple-Stranded Metallohelicates.

The triple-stranded metallohelicates 1 a,/1 b-3 a/3 b possessing internal guest binding cavities surrounded by calix[4]arene units were synthesized through coordination-driven self-assembly. UV/Vis titration experiments verified that the metallohelicates encapsulated N-methyl pyridinium cations bearing amino acid groups to form host-guest complexes. The guest chirality was transferred to the helicity of the helicates through the steric contact between the stereogenic center of the amino acid group and the metal cores.

Sequence-controlled supramolecular terpolymerization directed by specific molecular recognitions.

Nature precisely manipulates primary monomer sequences in biopolymers. In synthetic polymer sequences, this precision has been limited because of the lack of polymerization techniques for conventional polymer synthesis. Engineering the primary monomer sequence of a polymer main chain represents a considerable challenge in polymer science.

Spontaneous emulsification and self-propulsion of oil droplets induced by the synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants.

It is well known that oil droplets in or on water exhibit spontaneous movement induced by surfactants, and this self-propulsion is regarded as an important factor in droplet-based models for a living cell. We report here an oil-droplet system spontaneously producing amino acid-based surfactants, which are then utilized for the droplets' self-propulsion. Thus this system is an active system capable of producing the fuel for the propulsion by itself, which can be used as a conceptual model for cell metabolism.