Intraoperative patient radiation dose from cone-beam computed tomography in thoracic surgery.

Background: Several methods can be used to intraoperatively identify pulmonary lesion using radiation technology. However, little is known about patient radiation exposure during chest surgery. We aimed to measure patients' radiation exposure from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) used in a hybrid operating room.

Perioperative Evaluation of the Physical Quality of Life of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Study.

Surgery is the most effective treatment for early-stage lung cancer; however, it poses a higher physical burden than other treatment options. Therefore, understanding the perioperative course of patients is important. Using the Short Form Health Survey 36, we prospectively measured the physical quality of life of patients who underwent anatomical pulmonary resection for non-small cell lung cancer at Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan (n = 87).

The usefulness of the open surgical technique of sternocostal elevation for asymmetric pectus excavatum: a retrospective study.

Background: The Nuss procedure is currently the mainstream of pectus excavatum (PE) surgery; however, it is considered to be more difficult for asymmetric cases than for symmetric ones. Sternocostal elevation (SCE), which was performed at our hospital, is a surgical method that determines the extent of resection of the costal cartilage while comparing the left and right balance during surgery; thus, it is highly useful for correcting rib cage with strong asymmetry.

Methods: Of the 256 patients who underwent SCE at our hospital between July 2014 and July 2022, 58 (22.

Biphasic pleural mesothelioma treated successfully with multimodal therapy: a case report.

Background: Pleural mesothelioma is an aggressive malignant tumor and has a poor prognosis. In particular, biphasic pleural mesothelioma is a less common histologic type, and successful outcomes are rare.

Case Presentation: A 60-year-old man was referred to our associated hospital because of dyspnea.

A case of severe bilateral empyema due to .

Bilateral empyema is a rare and severe condition and deciding on a treatment is quite difficult. Additionally, infections caused by group A (GAS []) are known to be invasive. We successfully treated without surgery a previously healthy 59-year-old woman with bilateral empyema due to GAS, with repeated drainages, antibiotics, and fibrinolytic therapy.

Negative-pressure wound therapy to treat thoracic empyema with COVID-19-related persistent air leaks: A case report.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has resulted in a global pandemic. Recently, COVID-19-related pneumothorax has gained attention because of the associated prolonged hospital stay and high mortality. While most cases of pneumothorax respond well to conservative and supportive care, some cases of refractory pneumothorax with persistent air leaks (PALs) do not respond to conventional therapies.

Monitoring the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score in nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia increases the survival rate: A single-center observational study.

Several large-scale studies have assessed the endovascular and surgical treatments for nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI); nonetheless, the prognostic factors for NOMI remain unclear.In this single-center study, we retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of 197, 149 patients were retrieved from the inpatient database of our hospital from January 2011 to January 2020; 79 patients with NOMI were observed. A total of 44 patients who underwent laparotomy were statistically analyzed and divided into the survivor and non-survivor groups.

Multimodal treatment for acute empyema based on the patient's condition, including patients who are bedridden: A single center retrospective study.

Background: The incidence of acute empyema has increased in various countries; some elderly patients with acute empyema have contraindications for surgery under general anesthesia. Therefore, suitable management based on a patient's clinical condition is required.

Methods: We evaluated the different surgical and nonsurgical therapeutic approaches available for patients with acute empyema.

Virtual-assisted lung mapping in sublobar resection of small pulmonary nodules, long-term results.

Objectives: The short-term efficacy of virtual-assisted lung mapping (VAL-MAP), a preoperative bronchoscopic multi-spot lung-marking technique, has been confirmed in 2 prospective multicentre studies. The objectives of this study were to analyse the local recurrence and survival of patients enrolled in these studies, long-term.

Methods: Of the 663 patients enrolled in the 2 studies, 559 patients' follow-up data were collected.

Planar cell polarity induces local microtubule bundling for coordinated ciliary beating.

Multiciliated cells (MCCs) in tracheas generate mucociliary clearance through coordinated ciliary beating. Apical microtubules (MTs) play a crucial role in this process by organizing the planar cell polarity (PCP)-dependent orientation of ciliary basal bodies (BBs), for which the underlying molecular basis remains elusive. Herein, we found that the deficiency of Daple, a dishevelled-associating protein, in tracheal MCCs impaired the planar polarized apical MTs without affecting the core PCP proteins, causing significant defects in the BB orientation at the cell level but not the tissue level.

Feasibility study of cryobiopsy for practical pathological diagnosis of primary lung cancer including immunohistochemical assessment.

Background: Precision medicine in non-small cell lung cancer requires attainment of a sufficient amount of high-quality tumor tissue. Transbronchial cryobiopsy has emerged as a new diagnostic method for non-neoplastic lung disease with a better potential to assess morphology compared with conventional methods. However, the influence of cryobiopsy on specimen quality, particularly detection of protein expression, is unknown.

Intraoperative angiography with indocyanine green injection for precise localization and resection of small bowel bleeding.

Aim: Bleeding in the small bowel rarely occurs, and its treatment is challenging. Surgery is sometimes required in unstable patients; however, intraoperative identification of the bleeding site is extremely difficult. Many methods have been reported, but no standard strategy has been established yet.

A Surgical Case of Bronchial Artery Aneurysm Connecting to a Pulmonary Artery and Vein Complicated by Racemose Hemangioma.

We report a surgical case of bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) that directly connected to a pulmonary artery and a pulmonary vein through an abnormal vessel. It was complicated by racemose hemangioma. This is a rare vascular malformation.

The Motion of An Inv Nodal Cilium: a Realistic Model Revealing Dynein-Driven Ciliary Motion with Microtubule Mislocalization.

Background/aims: Nodal cilia that rotate in the ventral node play an important role in establishing left-right asymmetry during embryogenesis; however, inv mutant cilia present abnormal movement and induce laterality defects. The mechanism of their motility, which is regulated by dynein activation and microtubule arrangement, has not been fully understood. This study analyzed the dynein-triggered ciliary motion in the abnormal ultrastructure of the inv mutant, aiming to quantitatively evaluate the influence of microtubule mislocalization on the movement of the cilium.

Lumbar Arterial Bleeding Treated with Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: A Report of 4 Patients.

Background: Lumbar arterial bleeding is a severe condition. Surgical exploration is not indicated because of its rich collateral flow. Transarterial embolization (TAE) is reportedly effective, but there have been cases of failure.

Three-dimensional fine structure of the organization of microtubules in neurite varicosities by ultra-high voltage electron microscope tomography.

Neurite varicosities are highly specialized compartments that are involved in neurotransmitter/ neuromodulator release and provide a physiological platform for neural functions. However, it remains unclear how microtubule organization contributes to the form of varicosity. Here, we examine the three-dimensional structure of microtubules in varicosities of a differentiated PC12 neural cell line using ultra-high voltage electron microscope tomography.

A rare case of mediastinal functioning parathyroid adenoma removed successfully with thoracoscopy.

We report here a rare case of primary hyperparathyroidism that was associated with an ectopic parathyroid adenoma located in the mediastinum. A 66-year-old woman suffering from primary hyperparathyroidism had been followed-up on an outpatient basis for over 10 years. She suffered from persistent urolithiasis and osteopenia due to hypercalcemia.

Antiviral Activity of Aspalathus linearis against Human Influenza Virus.

Influenza A viruses are responsible for annual epidemics and occasional pandemics, which cause significant morbidity and mortality. The limited protection offered by influenza vaccination, and the emergence of drug-resistant influenza strains, highlight the urgent need for the development of novel anti-influenza drugs. However, the search for antiviral substances from the library of low molecular weight chemical compounds is limited.

Three-dimensional Organization of Layered Apical Cytoskeletal Networks Associated with Mouse Airway Tissue Development.

The cytoskeleton is an essential cellular component that enables various sophisticated functions of epithelial cells by forming specialized subcellular compartments. However, the functional and structural roles of cytoskeletons in subcellular compartmentalization are still not fully understood. Here we identified a novel network structure consisting of actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules directly beneath the apical membrane in mouse airway multiciliated cells and in cultured epithelial cells.

A unique intracellular compartment formed during the oligotrophic growth of Rhodococcus erythropolis N9T-4.

Rhodococcus erythropolis N9T-4, isolated from stored crude oil, shows extremely oligotrophic features and can grow on a basal medium without any additional carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and energy sources, but requires CO for its oligotrophic growth. Transmission electron microscopic observation showed that a relatively large and spherical compartment was observed in a N9T-4 cell grown under oligotrophic conditions. In most cases, only one compartment was observed per cell, but in some cases, it was localized at each pole of the cell, suggesting that it divides at cell division.