Elucidation of independently modulated genes in reveals carbon sources that control its expression of hemolytic toxins.

can cause a wide variety of acute infections throughout the body of its human host. An underlying transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) is responsible for altering the physiological state of the bacterium to adapt to each unique host environment. Consequently, an in-depth understanding of the comprehensive dynamics of the TRN could inform new therapeutic strategies.

Repeat aortic valve replacement (AVR) for pseudoaneurysm of mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa (P-MAIVF) repair due to hemolytic anemia 6 years after AVR: a case report.

Background: Pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa (P-MAIVF) after infective endocarditis and/or valve replacement is rarely reported, and transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac multidetector computed tomography are useful for diagnosis. Surgery is mostly recommended to prevent fatal complications.

Case Presentation: A 61-year-old man underwent repeat aortic valve replacement (AVR) with repair of a P-MAIVF due to hemolytic anemia 6 years after AVR, and 4 months after treatment of sepsis and an infected abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Streptococcus pyogenes upregulates arginine catabolism to exert its pathogenesis on the skin surface.

The arginine deiminase (ADI) pathway has been found in many kinds of bacteria and functions to supplement energy production and provide protection against acid stress. The Streptococcus pyogenes ADI pathway is upregulated upon exposure to various environmental stresses, including glucose starvation. However, there are several unclear points about the advantages to the organism for upregulating arginine catabolism.

Streptococcus pyogenes Transcriptome Changes in the Inflammatory Environment of Necrotizing Fasciitis.

is a major cause of necrotizing fasciitis, a life-threatening subcutaneous soft-tissue infection. At the host infection site, the local environment and interactions between the host and bacteria have effects on bacterial gene expression profiles, while the gene expression pattern of related to this disease remains unknown. In this study, we used a mouse model of necrotizing fasciitis and performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of M1T1 strain 5448 by isolating total RNA from infected hind limbs obtained at 24, 48, and 96 h postinfection.

[Bentall Procedure and Total Arch Replacement with an Open Stentgraft after Ascending Aortic Replacement for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection].

A 40-year-old man underwent ascending aortic replacement for acute type A aortic dissection. Eight years later, Bentall procedure and total arch replacement with an open stentgraft (OSG) were performed due to enlargement of the aortic root and distal arch dissection as well as exacerbation of aortic valve incompetence. The computed tomography(CT) taken at 22 months postoperatively showed better stentgraft expansion than that immediately after the operation, reduction in the diameter of the distal aortic arch, and thrombosis of the false lumen from the aortic arch to the entire descending aorta.

[Mitral valve replacement for cabergoline-related severe mitral regurgitation].

An 82-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of progressive heart failure. He had Parkinson's disease and had been treated with cabergoline during the preceding 4 years and 8 months. Echocardiography revealed severe mitral regurgitation through retracted mitral leaflets with incomplete coaptation.

Papillary muscle rupture following acute myocardial infarction.

Objectives: Papillary muscle rupture following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which rarely occurs, leads to catastrophic outcomes. We reviewed 6 patients who were diagnosed as having papillary muscle rupture.

Subjects And Methods: Between February 1986 and September 2002, 6 consecutive patients underwent mitral valve replacement (MVR) for acute mitral regurgitation due to postinfarction papillary muscle rupture (4 men and 2 women, mean age 67 years).