Photoluminescence Study of Undoped and Eu-Doped Alkali-Niobate Aluminosilicate Glasses and Glass-Ceramics.

In this study, the photoluminescence (PL) behavior of two aluminosilicate glass series containing alkali-niobates ranging from 0.4 to 20 mol% was investigated. The glasses exhibit an intense visible emission centered at ~18,400 cm for the peralkaline series and at higher energies (~19,300 cm) for the metaluminous glasses.

Eu Site Distribution and Local Distortion of Photoluminescent Ca WO :(Eu , K ) Double Perovskites as High-Color-Purity Red Phosphors.

In this study, Eu and K co-doped Ca WO double perovskite, a high-color-purity red phosphor, is quantitatively investigated using synchrotron X-ray diffraction Rietveld refinement, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and high-resolution PL spectroscopy. The Eu fluorescence line-narrowing (FLN) results, used to estimate the Eu occupation at given sites (so-called A and B sites) in the host crystal (A BMO ; A, B = Ca; M = W), reveal that the Eu ions have a twin distribution in both the A and B sites with high asymmetry ratios of Λ  = 9.7 and Λ  = 10.

Local Structural Investigation of Near-Infrared-Reflective Black Ca(Mn,Ti)O Pigments Using Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray and Density Functional Theory Calculations.

Layered perovskite black Ca(Mn,Ti)O ceramics were studied by using synchrotron radiation X-rays (SRX) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the valence states of the cations, average/local structures, and electronic states. The crystallographic data were obtained by the Rietveld refinement of the obtained synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffraction patterns. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy measurements revealed that the ratios of Mn and Ti were about 82 and 95%, respectively, in all samples, and the Mn/Ti valences were not affected by the introduction of Ti.

Raman Spectroscopic Investigation and Electronic State Calculation for Ca(Mn,Ti)O Black Pigments with High Near-Infrared (NIR) Reflectivity.

Layered perovskite O compounds were studied by a combination of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Ti-doped CaMnO ceramics with high near-infrared (NIR) reflectivity were selected as a test case. After elucidating their crystal structures (4/) by XRD analysis, Raman spectroscopy was applied.

Simulation study using the spots deletion technique in spot scanning proton beam therapy for prostate cancers.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects on the dose distribution and beam delivery time in spot scanning proton beam therapy (PBT) incorporating the spot deletion technique. A spot scanning plan was created for 30 patients with prostate cancer. The plan was then modified via two processes: Spots with lower weighting depositions were deleted (process A) and spots that were distant from the clinical target volume (CTV) were deleted (process B).

Thermal Evolutions to Glass-Ceramics Bearing Calcium Tungstate Crystals in Borate Glasses Doped with Photoluminescent Eu Ions.

Thermal evolutions of calcium-tungstate-borate glasses were investigated for the development of luminescent glass-ceramics by using Eu dopant in a borate glass matrix with calcium tungstate, which was expected to have a combined character of glass and ceramics. This study revealed that single-phase precipitation of CaWO crystals in borate glass matrix was possible by heat-treatment at a temperature higher than glass transition temperature for (100-) (33CaO-67BO)-CaWO ( = 8-15 mol%). Additionally, the crystallization of CaWO was found by Raman spectroscopy due to the formation of W=O double bondings of WO tetrahedra in the pristine glass despite starting with the higher calcium content of CaWO.

Outcomes of Patients With Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Particle Therapy Using Protons or Carbon Ions.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to determine the clinical outcomes following particle monotherapy (ie, proton therapy [PT] or carbon ion therapy [CIT]) in patients with sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma at a single institution.

Methods And Materials: Between August 2001 and March 2012, 59 patients were treated with definitive PT or CIT; none underwent chemotherapy or surgery. Of the patients, 22 (37%) had unresectable disease.

Nd-doped transparent tellurite ceramics bulk lasers.

We report on the laser emission of the polycrystalline ceramic obtained from the full and congruent crystallization of the parent glass 1Nd:75TeO-12.5BiO-12.5NbO composition.

Outcomes of Patients With Primary Sacral Chordoma Treated With Definitive Proton Beam Therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of definitive proton beam therapy (PBT) for primary sacral chordoma.

Methods And Materials: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical outcomes of eligible patients with primary sacral chordoma who had undergone definitive PBT with 70.4 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 32 fractions at our institution from September 2009 to October 2015.

Tuned longitudinal surface plasmon resonance and third-order nonlinear optical properties of gold nanorods.

In order to elucidate the relationship for third-order nonlinear optical properties of anisotropic metal nanoparticles between the incident laser wavelength and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength, gold nanorods (GNRs) with a tuned longitudinal SPR mode in frequency were prepared by seed-mediated methods with two different surfactants, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and benzyldimethylammonium chloride (BDAC). The real and imaginary parts of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities χ(3) were examined by near-infrared (800 nm) femtosecond Z-scan and I-scan techniques for various gold sols with SPR wavelengths of 530 nm (spheres), 800 nm (nanorods) and 1000 nm (nanorods), named as 530GNSs, 800GNRs and 1000GNRs, respectively. All the samples showed intrinsically third-order nonlinear optical refractive responses.

A novel proton conductor of imidazole-aluminium phosphate hybrids in the solid state.

Anhydrous proton transport at temperatures above 100 °C has attracted considerable attention in the development of fuel cells that operate at intermediate temperatures. Liquid-state imidazole (ImH) is known to be a fast anhydrous proton conductor above 100 °C; however, evaporation and severe conductivity drops above and below its melting point (∼90 °C), respectively, are major drawbacks to ImH. In this paper, we report a novel solid-state anhydrous ImH-Al(H(2)PO(4))(3) (AlP) hybrid material prepared via a simple synthesis using mechanical milling.

The synthesis and characterization of platinum nanoparticles: a method of controlling the size and morphology.

In this paper, Pt nanoparticles with good shapes of nanocubes and nano-octahedra and well-controlled sizes in the range 5-7 and 8-12 nm, respectively, have been successfully synthesized. The modified polyol method by adding silver nitrate and varying the molar ratio of the solutions of silver nitrate and H(2)PtCl(6) has been used to produce Pt nanoparticles of the size and shape to be controlled. The size and morphology of Pt nanoparticles have been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM).

Nonlinear optical properties of gold nanoparticles selectively introduced into the periodic microdomains of block copolymers.

Nonlinear-optical nanocomposite materials with a photonic crystal structure were fabricated using block copolymers and gold nanoparticles. By dispersing the gold nanoparticles into the selective microdomains of the block copolymers, we could achieve the enhancement of nonlinear optical properties as revealed by the Z-scan technique. The optical nonlinearities were enhanced by the local field effect and the effect of the periodic distribution of the microdomains filled with gold nanoparticles.